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Topic: SVO language

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	Language
		One should be careful about the underlying classification principle for groups of languages which have apparently a geographical name: besides areal linguistic units, the taxa of the genetic classification (language families) are often given names which themselves or parts of which refer to geographical areas.
		For example, one prominent artificial language, Esperanto, was created by L. Zamenhof as a compilation of various elements of different languages, and it is intended to be an easy-to-learn language.
		The usage of this language is mainly either to define which form of magic is wished to be used, or as the main language used by the magical elves.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/l/la/language.html (1981 words)

	Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Language is commonly used for communication, though it has other uses.
		Some of the major families are the Indo-European languages, the Afro-Asiatic languages, the Austronesian languages, and the Sino-Tibetan languages.
		The usage of this language is mainly either to define which form of magic is wished to be used, or as the main language used by the magical elves.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Language (1880 words)

	Syntactic Typology: Studies in the Phenomenology of Language: English: A Characteristic SVO Language
		In examining a language of civilization spoken throughout a vast area, one is faced with the problem of identifying the variant to be discussed.
		Moreover, SVO languages typically require the S position to be filled, as well as the V and O positions, though with well-defined exceptions, in contrast with simple verb sentences in OV languages.
		In contrast with OV languages, the subject is the mandatory nominal constituent of SVO languages, as in sentences with intransitive verbs, or in equational sentences.
	www.utexas.edu /cola/centers/lrc/books/type04.html (11175 words)

	Kashmiri language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The earliest literary composition in Kashmiri that has survived is the poetry of Lalleshvari, a 14th century mystic poet.
		Kashmiri writing is one of the dying arts due to various political reasons and lack of formal education in the Kashmiri language.
		The songs in Kashmiri language, also known as "kashur" to its native speakers, are called 'ge(gue-ss)wu(wo-lf)n' and the chorus songs are known as 'won(one)wu(wo-lf)n'.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kashmiri_language (203 words)

	Encyclopedia: Kashmiri language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, thus belonging to the Indo-European family of languages.
		In linguistic typology, subject-verb-object (SVO) is the sequence subject verb object in neutral expressions: Sam ate oranges.
		Kashmiri Language, the official language of Jammu and Kashmir State in India, with 4,391,000 (1997) mother-tongue speakers in different parts of...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Kashmiri-language (750 words)

	Language
		Human spoken and written languages can be described as a system of symbols (sometimes known as lexemes) and the grammars (rules) by which the symbols are manipulated.
		There is no defined line between a language and a dialect, but Max Weinreich is credited as saying that a language is a dialect with an army and a navy.
		N.B.: one should be careful about the underlying classification principle for groups of languages which have apparently a geographical name: besides areal linguistic units, the taxa of the genetic classification (language families) are often given names which themselves or parts of which refer to geographical areas.
	articles.gourt.com /en/language (1693 words)

	Element Order Development in the English Language
		That is, languages can be classified according to related features at various levels of their structure, and element order (being at the top level, and being able to connect other related features) is a natural candidate to be used as the key component in this classification.
		Languages change their element order type over time, and this is very often accompanied by changes in their other syntactic features.
		This seems to be strong evidence that the language began to use SVO order as a grammatical signal during this period rather than as one of various ways of ordering due to influence of theme, weight, etc.
	www2.arts.gla.ac.uk /SESLL/STELLA/COMET/glasgrev/issue4/element.htm (5211 words)

	Mieko Ueno & Maria Polinsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Such models predict that S(ubject)-O(bject)-V(erb) languages are harder to process than SVO languages, since the parser would have to hold both S and O until it hits V, as opposed to only holding S in SVO.
		However, since there is no attested difference in reaction times of SOV and SVO languages for on-line processing, we hypothesize that SOV languages have strategies to compensate for the late appearance of the verb.
		For both languages, root clauses (N=800) were examined with respect to the frequency of one-place (SV: intransitives) vs. two-place (SOV for Japanese, SVO for English: transitives) predicate structures and the overt expression of all arguments.
	crl.ucsd.edu /talks/abstract/20020528.html (380 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:SRC
		Between the 14th and 15th editions this language code was retired from use.
		The following is the entry for this language as it appeared in the 14th edition (2000).
		SVO; postpositions; genitives, articles, adjectives, numerals, relatives after noun heads; question word initial; 1 suffix; case determines subject, object; obligatory verb affixes mark person, number, gender of subject, object, other noun phrase; passive for each tense, today not commonly used; causatives marked by separate words; comparatives marked by prefix; CCVCVC, nontonal.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=SRC (281 words)

	Language Log: Decisiveness is SVO: a Hitlerian theory of communication?
		There are a few others that might be assimilated to an SVO pattern, depending on how you treat some loosely-associated modifying phrases, and whether you allow initial connectives, but in any case, the proportion is probably under 10%.
		As a point of comparison, among the 223 sentences in John Kerry's 9/24/2004 address at Temple University (which focused on similar issues, and is similarly forceful and authoritative-sounding), about 21 can be given a Subject Verb Object analysis, a using similarly rough-and-ready analytic method.
		The difference in SVO proportions between these two foreign policy speeches is probably not statistically significant, but in any case I'm very sure that it's not rhetorically significant.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/001514.html (1609 words)

	Steve's place - Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Languages can be grouped into families: it is clear from even a cursory look at the words for father in Latin and Greek (pater), German (Vater), French (père), English (father) and Sanskrit (pitar) that there is a relationship of some sort.
		The reason this is important is that languages that are genuinely closely related will have similar grammar and vocabulary, which you can use to your advantage: it is easier for a German to learn Dutch than for her to learn Tagalog.
		In some languages, numbers are fully fledged nouns or adjectives, so you may not be able to say "two horses", but instead "two of horses" in the same way you would say "paddockful of horses".
	www.steve.gb.com /science/languages.html (5642 words)

	JNM5
		Every language is faced with the task of distinguishing the subject from the verb in sentences of this kind, and many of them use some mechanism besides word order.
		Since case languages use another mechanism, it might be that the speaker is free is alter the word order for stylistic or other reasons.
		He discovered that in almost all languages a particular ordering of the 3 elements, subject, verb, and object, is dominant in the sense that most sentences of the language obey that ordering although in special circumstances other orderings may be possible.
	www.owlnet.rice.edu /~wies301/JNM5.html (1590 words)

	Second-Language-Acquisition Research and Foreign Language Teaching, Part 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The reason they have something to say about language pedagogy is not so much that they are researching specific questions about language teaching but rather that they have come to certain conclusions about how languages in general are acquired and organized in the brain.
		Again, regardless of the learner's first language, unmarked elements are easier to acquire than are marked elements, and often a learner with a marked structure in the first language acquiring a marked structure in the second language will first produce an unmarked structure not typical of either language.
		Learners who hear and see language that they must decode for meaning (in contrast to the language required in traditional mechanical drills, such as slot substitution and repetition, which is not processed for meaning) go further and faster in acquiring grammar than do those who only get a staple diet of exercises (see, e.g., Lightbown).
	www.mla.org /adfl/bulletin/V23N2/232052.htm (3636 words)

	10.1263, Disc: Universal Word Order, [or The Great Whorf Hypothesis Hoax Revisited]
		According to the SVO rationale and Sapir-Whorf, the woman realizes that she has already eaten before she realizes that the apple is what she ate.
		The SVO argument belongs to a native speaker of an SVO language and is based solely on other SVO languages.
		According to the SVO rationale and Sapir-Whorf [sic!], the woman realizes that she has already eaten before she realizes that the apple is what she ate.
	www.enformy.com /dma-ls01.htm (3057 words)

	Translating Simplified Chinese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Language is a living thing it develops and changes constantly.
		To ensure our translators keep abreast of the language our Simplified Chinese translators live in-county and translate into their mother tongue.
		But as with most other languages Chinese has itâs own cultural issues so there are always more considerations than just the language and style of copy.
	www.appliedlanguage.com /languages/simplified_chinese_translation.shtml (852 words)

	Emory University: Linguistic Anthropology: Bemba A Linguistic Profile
		The Bantu language family is a branch of the Benue-Congo family, which is a branch of the Niger-Congo family, which is a branch of Niger-Kordofanian.
		There is no official Bemba language organization, but the dominance of a specific dialect (central Bemba) in educational texts, print media, and radio newscasting serves to create a national standard.
		Language purists express concern over this "corruption" of Bemba and the rise of the high prestige urban variety.
	www.anthropology.emory.edu /FACULTY/ANTDS/Bemba/profile.html (2435 words)

	Encyclopedia of North American Indians - - Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Sapir's words celebrate both the diversity of Native American languages and their contribution to the study of one of the most important capacities possessed by human beings: the ability to construct languages.
		The family is named after the languages at its geographic extremes: Ute in the north and Aztec (Nahuatl) in the south.
		Navajo, as we have noted, is an Athabaskan language and as such is a member of the same family as the Apache languages of the Southwest and northern languages like Sarsi, Chipewyan, Dogrib, and Koyukon, among others.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/naind/html/na_019500_languages.htm (2548 words)

	Language Acquisition
		Children learn to speak language in an extraordinarily short period of time after they are born.
		In other words, if youíre not exposed to language as a child, you wonít acquire it all that well, no matter how predisposed your cognitive system may be to learn it.
		As kids are exposed to language, they form "hypotheses," which are kind of like tentative rules for the language.
	www.andrew.cmu.edu /course/85-211b/language_acq.html (406 words)

	Haner_language LANGUAGE SCHOOL EXPLORER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The term "Haner language" appears at the Nogeoldae and Bak Tongsa, and refers to the colloquial Han language of Northern China.
		At the same time, the Haner language exposed colloquial features that have almost always been obscured by the tradition of Classical Chinese, so it is sometimes considered in relation to modern Mandarin.
		It is the written language used in imperial edicts, laws and other official documents during the Yuan Dynasty.
	language.school-explorer.com /info/Haner_language (646 words)

	Colloquium
		Although Spanish is typologically an SVO language, word orders other than SVO are extremely common in native varieties of Spanish, mainly due to focalization, and to the obligatory placement of clitics in preverbal position when accompanying a conjugated verb.
		Qualitative and quantitative analysis investigated the relationship between the process of language learning, specifically as regards the ability to narrate, and the use of evaluation devices.
		First language acquisition studies of Korean (Cho, 1982; Chung, 1995) and of Japanese (Clancy, 1985; Hakuta, 1982) have shown that nominative case markers are acquired prior to accusative case markers.
	www9.georgetown.edu /faculty/connorlj/flirt/docs/colloq.htm (1587 words)

	Anglabharti
		English is a SVO language while Indian languages are SOV and are relatively of free word-order.
		This is the basic translation process translating the English source language to PLIL with most of the disambiguation having been performed.
		Language Generation}, in the sense that the latter has also to decide `what to say' (the strategic level) in addition to `how to say it' (the tactical level).
	www.cse.iitk.ac.in /users/langtech/anglabharti.htm (1053 words)

	1-language.com - Online English Course - Unit Subject Pronouns / Verb "to be"
		English is a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) language - meaning that sentences are made with the subject first, then the verb, and finally the object.
		Languages like French and Chinese are also SVO languages, but other languages are different.
		For example, Japanese, Korean and Persian are Subject-Object-Verb languages, so you wouldn't say "She is happy", you'd say "She happy is"!
	www.1-language.com /englishcourse/unit1_grammar.htm (130 words)

	CA162 Principles of Linguistics Lecture Notes ACL1 4 - Linear Order & Hierarchic Structure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The linear order of language is partly determined by the rules of the language, and partly at the whim of the speaker or writer.
		At the level of phrases, each language has a preference for a particular ordering of subject, verb, object and other phrases: one of the things which distinguishes Irish from most Northern European languages is that the verb generally comes before its subject, as Irish is what's called a V(erb)S(ubject)O(bject) language.
		English is an SVO language, but it does not stick rigidly to this order: The bread the man ate is a perfectly acceptable sentence of English, as in Each prisoner was given bread and cheese.
	www.compapp.dcu.ie /~alex/CA162/ch4.html (1645 words)

	SSILA 2004 Abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		One language of the southern branch, Nahuatl, is V initial.
		Miller (1984) considers Warihío to be in the process of changing from an SOV to an SVO language, and Barreras (2000) proposed a change from SOV to VSO.
		This language is similar to Cayuga, Ngandi, and Coos, described as pragmatically based languages (Mithun, 1992), in the sense that all ordering reflects pragmatics considerations and they are Focus initial.
	wings.buffalo.edu /linguistics/ssila/meetings/SSILA04/abstracts/armendirez.htm (266 words)

	Biological Basis of Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		If we assume that there was a single, original language, it would have been spoken about one hundred thousand years ago, given the rate of change in grammatical features.
		For instance, there are a lot of evidence that English was a SOV language that changed into a SVO language.
		If so, human language is a quite arbitrary system that is determined by historical coincidence, and every child has to learn the language from the scratch, because there is no principle that can be used to learn language in a more economical way.
	psychology.rutgers.edu /~negishi/biolang/lec_worldlang.html (756 words)

	Languages of the World
		Languages are under constant change; they change, die, and may be revived
		Does not include the vast number of dialects which may or may not be listed as separate languages.
		Languages can be grouped by the different sounds that make up the phonological inventory of that language.
	www.ling.udel.edu /eastwick/ling101_f99/world_lang.html (604 words)

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