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Topic: Sacculina

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	Do Parasites Rule the World? - - science news articles online technology magazine articles Do Parasites Rule the World? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Sacculina carcini, a barnacle that morphs into plantlike roots, is not the kind of organism that commands immediate respect.
		She crawls along an arm as the crab twitches in irritation— or perhaps the crustacean equivalent of panic— until she comes to a joint on the arm where the hard exoskeleton bends at a soft chink.
		The knob that Sacculina forms sits exactly where the crab's brood pouch would be, and the crab treats the parasite knob as such.
	www.discover.com /issues/aug-00/cover (3038 words)

	Parasitic Crustaceans
		The genus Sacculina is one of the Rhizocephalan barnacles that parasitizes crabs.
		Investigations of Sacculina infestations are often restricted to temperate species and little is reported from tropical intertidal regions.
		In Hong Kong, Sacculina infestation has only been recorded for the crab Leptodius exaratus (the record of Sacculina confragosa parasitizing the crab Epixanthus frontalis in Morton 1988 is suspected to be a misidentification) and the infection rate is only around 10 % at Lobster Bay and in another boulder shore near Lap Sap Wan.
	www.cbu.edu /~seisen/ParasiticCrustaceans.htm (942 words)

	Sacculina - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sacculina is a genus of barnacles that are parasitic on crabs.
		The adults bear no resemblance to the barnacles that cover ships and piers; they are recognised as barnacles because their larval forms are like other members of the barnacle class Cirripedia.
		The Sacculina grows in the crab, emerging as a sac, known as an externa, on the underside of the crab's rear thorax, where the crab's eggs would be incubated.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sacculina (237 words)

	Josh Drescher
		Sense organs on female Sacculina legs catch the scent of her host, a crab; she dances through water until landing on the crab’s armor.
		Sacculina sheds most of her body like a husk; the part that lives on now looks like a microscopic slug.
		Sacculina will remain as an adult inside the crab for the rest of her life, unless a male larva should find a pin-size opening on the knob.
	blog.funtax.org /?m=20050802 (800 words)

	forgetfoo. — Six Horrifying Parasites
		Sacculina carcini: Reasons You Shouldn't Pick up a Hitchhiker.
		A female sacculina begins life as a tiny free-floating slug in the sea, drifting around until she encounters a crab.
		When that fateful day arrives, she finds a chink in the crab's armor (usually an elbow or leg joint) and thrusts a kind of hollow dagger into its body.
	www.forgetfoo.com /?blogid=7057 (383 words)

	Viruses and Parasites... \| Zombie Preparedness Initiative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Sense organs on the female Sacculina's legs catch the scent of a crab, and she dances through the water until she lands on its armor.
		Sacculina will remain at this stage for the rest of her life, unless a male larva lands on the crab and finds the knob's pin-size opening.
		There are two of these wells in each female Sacculina, and she typically carries two males with her for her entire life.
	www.zombieinitiative.org /node/130 (864 words)

	You can't escape what's in you.
		Sacculina, a type of barnacle, begins its life in the ocean as a free-swimming larva.
		When the female locates a crab, however, she actually discards most of her own body, leaving a gelatinous blob that enters the crab and begins to grow.
		The crab stops growing and stops mating, devoting all of its energy into caring for the parasite's millions of eggs and larvae as if they were its own.
	www.bogleech.com /bio-para.html (1306 words)

	Porcupine! 23 - Invertebrates
		The life cycle of Sacculina is complex and specialized, their distribution is, therefore, often localized and confined to very sheltered areas.
		Identification of Sacculina is very difficult and often relies upon identification of their hosts (they are usually host-specific) as well as microscopic investigation of the transverse sections of the reproductive structure i.e.
		In January 2001 we discovered that the intertidal crab Leptodius exaratus was occasionally found bearing externae of Sacculina at Lobster Bay (a sheltered boulder shore) in Cape d’Aguilar.
	www.hku.hk /ecology/porcupine/por23/23-invertebrates.htm (1724 words)

	Natural Law in the Spiritual World \| Christian Classics Ethereal Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Thus strangely metamorphosed the Sacculina sets out in search of a suitable host, and in an evil hour, by that fate which is always ready to accommodate the transgressor, is thrown into the company of the Hermit-crab.
		One reason which makes a zoologist certain that the Sacculina is a degenerate type is, that in almost all other instances of animals which begin life in the Nauplius-form—and there are several—the Nauplius develops through higher and higher stages, and arrives finally at the high perfection displayed by the shrimp, lobster, crab, and other crustaceans.
		It could not help punishing the Sacculina for violated law, and the punishment, according to the strange and noteworthy way in which Nature usually punishes, was meted out by natural processes, carried on within its own organization.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/drummond/natural_law.xvi.html (4902 words)

	Creation Moments - Home of "Creation Moments" daily two-minute radio broadcast
		Sacculina carcini is a microscopic crustacean that begins life as a free-swimming larva.
		As she grows as a large bulge on the underside of the crab, she is also sending tendrils throughout the crab's body.
		When Sacculina is ready to mate she offers one or two pin hole openings to any available male.
	www.creationmoments.com /radio/transcript.php?t=467 (351 words)

	From Discover Magazine, August, 2000
		She crawls along an arm as the crab twitches in irritation--or perhaps the crustacean equivalent of panic--until she comes to a joint on the arm where the hard exoskeleton bends at a soft chink.
		SACCULINA'S ADAPTATIONS REFLECT A RELATIVELY SIMPLE LIFE CYCLE for a parasite--it makes its way from one crab to another.
		But for many other parasites, the game is more complicated--they must journey through a series of animal species in order to survive and procreate.
	clem.mscd.edu /~churchcy/BIO3200/pdf_files/Parasites.htm (2967 words)

	Prevalence of the Parasite Sacculina carrini Thompson 1836 (Crustacea, Rhizocephala) on Its Host Crab Carcinus maenas ...
		Prevalence of the Parasite Sacculina carrini Thompson 1836 (Crustacea, Rhizocephala) on Its Host Crab Carcinus maenas (L.) on the West Coast of Sweden
		Prevalence of the Parasite Sacculina carrini Thompson 1836 (Crustacea, Rhizocephala) on Its Host Crab Carcinus maenas (L.) on the West Coast of Sweden, University of Gothenburg.
		During a three-year field study on the West Coast of Sweden the prevalence of external egg sacs of the parasitic barnacle Sacculina carcini on Carcinus maenas was found to be on average 2.9%.
	www.sgnis.org /publicat/wern2001.htm (253 words)

	Psicofonías: El parásito perfecto (Permalink) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Sacculina busca un crustaceo, generalmente un cangrejo, al que fijarse.
		Sacculina crea entonces su única estructura visble desde el exterior, y la que da nombre al Género: Una especie de "saco" que crece y se hincha bajo el abdomen del cangrejo, en el lugar en que normalmente las hembras guardan sus huevos.
		Incluso, cuando Sacculina se preepara para lanzar una nueva generación de diabólicos parásitos, el cangrejo sale de su escondrijo, busca un sitio depejado, y comienza a hacer movimientos con su abdomen (similares a los que haría con su propia puesta) para que la corriente esparza a los nuevos nauplius.
	www.psicobyte.com /articulo/el_parasito_perfecto (688 words)

	The Lonely Canadian: Parasitic Mind Control of the Back-Seat Drivers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Upon finding a host crab, a female Sacculina will crawl over the crab's surface until she finds a chink in the armor: a joint.
		Soon the crab is filled with millions of Sacculina eggs and larvae, and like a zombie, the crab cares for these eggs and larvae as though they were its own, losing all interest in mating.
		When a male crab is infected, the parasite alters its physiology and behavior to be female, to better care for the Sacculina's young.
	www.lonelycanuck.com /2006/07/parasitic-mind-control-of-back-seat.html (711 words)

	Here's Your Host
		Sacculina, which Carl Zimmer in ''Parasite Rex'' calls a ''precise horror,'' begins life as a free-swimming larva.
		The female larva settles on a crab, crawls to a joint in its leg, pokes a hole in it, and squeezes her soft parts through it into the crab's insides, leaving behind the husk of her shell.
		A pinhole opening in the crab's abdomen, made by the female Sacculina, attracts the tiny male, who injects himself into the crab much as the female did.
	partners.nytimes.com /books/00/10/22/reviews/001022.22padiant.html (1141 words)

	Natural Law in the Spiritual World - PARASITISM.
		With its two filamentary processes--which afterwards develop into the root-like organs--it penetrates the body; the sac-like form is gradually assumed; the whole of the swimming feet drop off, --they will never be needed again,--and the animal settles down for the rest of its life as a parasite.
		One reason which makes a zoologist certain that the Sacculina is a degenerate type is, that in almost all other instances of animals which begin life in the Nauplius-form--and there are several--the Nauplius develops through higher and higher stages, and arrives finally at the high perfection displayed by the shrimp, lobster, crab, and other crustaceans.
		Its punishment was simply that it was a Sacculina--that it was a Sacculina when it might have been a Crustacean.
	insearchofacity.org /files/PARASITISM.html (4871 words)

	Barnacles
		Finally there is a parasitic barnacle Sacculina carcini this is unlike any of the other barnacles previously described.
		Barnacles are hermaphroditic however it is normal at time of mating that barnacles will take on the role of either male or female.
		The parasitic barnacle Sacculina carcini is unlike any of the other barnacles previously described.
	www.pznow.co.uk /marine/barnacles.html (1058 words)

	Animal Parasites Science World - Find Articles
		One harmful parasite--discovered in 1995--is Sacculina carcini, a barnacle, or microscopic animal that usually lives on rocks (see pictures, left).
		Then she jabs a long hollow dagger through the hole--injecting a blob made up of a few cells.
		Eventually the crab turns into a kind of mindless slave serving the parasite.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1590/is_9_57/ai_70872766 (943 words)

	Interactive Fly, Drosophila
		The characterization is reported of a caudal gene from the rhizocephalan cirripede Sacculina carcini and its embryonic and larval expression patterns.
		The Sacculina caudal gene is expressed early in embryogenesis, which makes it the earliest genetic marker evidenced in the development of Sacculina and of any other crustacean species.
		This lack of expression of the Sacculina caudal gene in a posterior region, at odds with what is known in all other studied metazoan species, might be correlated with the defective development of the abdomen (Rabet, 2001).
	www.sdbonline.org /fly/gene/caudal2.htm (7340 words)

	Fathom :: The Source for Online Learning
		For example, a species of parasitic barnacle called Sacculina starts its life as a free-swimming larva, looking a lot like the nonparasitic larvae of crustaceans.
		While Sacculina is a pretty horrific creature, it does not kill its host.
		One important difference is that Sacculina strategically destroys the crab's gonads.
	www.fathom.com /feature/121771 (2802 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Without actually seeing the specimens, I cannot be certain whether you do in fact have S. triangularis or something else on your host in question.
		I believe that some Sacculina are host specific.
		This specimen looks like Sacculina carcini and not S. triangularis as suggested in one of my books.
	www.glaucus.org.uk /Sacculina.txt (329 words)

	The Huge Entity: Parasites, Symbiosis and the Mutation of Abstract Thought
		If by morning the ant has not been eaten the fluke will loosen its voodoo-like grip leaving the ant to forage with its kin - that is until nightfall comes again.
		Sacculina barnacles can alter the lifecycle of their crab hosts, forcing even the males of the species to cease from normal activity and divert all their attention to the protection of the parasite within their bellies.
		The crabs will stop growing and reproducing, giving Sacculina the majority of its energy stores in a one way relationship to nowhere.
	www.huge-entity.com /2006/10/parasites-symbiosis-and-mutation-of.html (1198 words)

	Damn Interesting » Body-Snatching Barnacles and Zombie Crabs
		A tiny barnacle called Sacculina is one such parasite.
		Inside the host, the parasite grows long, root-like tendrils throughout the crab's body, eventually emerging as a bump on the its underside.
		The parasite basically rewires the crab for its own ends, and the crab becomes a helpless vehicle, expending its energy caring for the young organisms that will move on to inflict themselves upon other crabs.
	www.damninteresting.com /?p=53 (558 words)

	New Jersey FishNet 11
		But compare this to the following description of the life cycle of the parasite Sacculina, a member of the order of crustaceans called barnacles that are usually found growing on rocks or boat bottoms delicately sifting small organisms out of the water with their feathery appendages.
		It undergoes a dramatic metamorphosis, in which the whole trunk is discarded and a cuticular tube is formed, through which the remains of the larva gain entrance to the host (crab) body.
		Compared to Sacculina (which, we emphasize, has absolutely no effect on the quality or the wholesomeness of crabs coming to market), Pfiesteria doesn’t seem quite so horrible or quite so unique.
	www.fishingnj.org /njnet11.htm (1188 words)

	Rhizocephalan Barnacles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		It metamorphoses into a kentrogon larvae which form embryonic cells that are carried throughout the crab forming the root-like branches throughout the host called the sacculina interna.
		This photograph by Susan Bower shows the gonad (or so-called sacculina externa) of the parasitic barnacle, Briarosaccus callosus, located on the ventral abdominal surface of the golden king crab, Lithodes sp.
		The sacculina externa of Sylon hippolytes on the spot prawn, Pandalus sp.
	web.mala.bc.ca /goatert/PARASITE/PARRHBRN.HTM (293 words)

	Facts and Arguments for Darwin eBook
		The carapace of the Cirripedes becomes converted, as is well-known, into a peculiar test, on account of which they were formerly placed among the Mollusca, and the natatory feet grow into long cirri, which whirl nourishment towards the mouth, which is now open.
		Young of Peltogaster socialis on the abdomen of a small Hermit Crab; in one of them the fasciculately ramified roots in the liver of the Crab are shown.
		Young Sacculina purpurea with its roots; the animal purple-red, the roots dark grass-green.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/6475/43.html (260 words)

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