Saffir Simpson Hurricane Scale

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	Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a scale classifying most Western Hemisphere tropical cyclones that exceed the levels of "tropical depression" and "tropical storm" and thereby become hurricanes.
		The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is used only to describe hurricanes forming in the Atlantic Ocean and northern Pacific Ocean east of the International Date Line.
		The initial scale was developed by Saffir while on commission from the United Nations to study low-cost housing in hurricane-prone areas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Saffir-Simpson_Hurricane_Scale (573 words)

	What is a Hurricane?
		Not all hurricanes kill, the severity of a hurricane is rated by the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale.
		Hurricane - The storm is officially designated a hurricane when the winds reach a maximum sustained wind speed of 74 mph.
		Since a hurricane is composed of thunderstorms, the rainfall often saturates the ground and causes massive flash flooding.
	www.geo.mtu.edu /department/classes/ge404/rjchuhra/hurricane.html (438 words)

	Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale
		A warning that hurricane conditions including sustained winds of 74 mph or greater associated with a hurricane are expected in a specified coastal area within 24 hours or less.
		Hurricanes get names to help with tracking them (sometimes there may be more than one hurricane at a time and it can get confusing).
		Sometimes names are "retired" if a hurricane has been really big and destructive.
	pages.prodigy.net /n4ugn/Hurricane.html (993 words)

	Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale
		The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a scale classifying hurricanes by the intensity of their sustained winds developed in 1969 by civil engineer Herbert Saffir and National Hurricane Center director Bob Simpson.
		The initial scale was developed by Saffir on commission from the United Nations to study low-cost housing in hurricane-prone While performing the study Saffir realized there no simple scale for describing the likely of a hurricane.
		Saffir gave the scale the NHC and Simpson added in the of storm surge and flooding.
	www.freeglossary.com /Saffir-Simpson_Hurricane_Scale (772 words)

	The Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale: An Interview with Dr. Robert Simpson
		The scale as devised, expresses what the extreme conditions can be expected from a hurricane of a certain type and a certain category.
		It doesn't mean that everyone that a hurricane moves over, and the worst part of that hurricane, is going to receive that kind of damage or that kind of hazard.
		I often felt that it was a little bit premature to put the scale out without perhaps improving it a little bit, and at least educating the people as to what it meant a little bit more.
	www.novalynx.com /simpson-interview.html (1528 words)

	The Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale
		In 1972, the Tropical Prediction Center (then known as the National Hurricane Center) adopted the Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale to relate hurricane intensity and damage potential.
		Robert Simpson, former director of the National Hurricane Center, added additional reference to expected storm surge (the rise of a body of water above astronomical tide due to a tropical cyclone).
		The scale had the advantage of relating ranges of sustained winds to effects on vegetation and structures.
	www.e11th-hour.org /resources/backgrounders/saffir.simpson.scale.html (904 words)

	USATODAY.com
		Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale numbers are applied before a storm hits, based on measurements of the storm from hurricane hunter airplanes, or other sources.
		The scale is named after Herbert Saffir, a consulting engineer in Coral Gables, Fla., and Robert Simpson, who was director of the National Hurricane Center from 1967 through 1973.
		Saffir, an engineer and expert on wind damage who helped write the Dade County, Fla., building code, developed the first version of the scale in 1971 for a United Nations report on construction that could stand up to high winds.
	www.usatoday.com /weather/hurricane/whscale.htm (495 words)

	Sky Diary KIDSTORM * facts about hurricanes
		The Saffir-Simpson scale is used to classify hurricanes in the United States.
		Hurricanes usually form in the tropical zones north and south of the equator, where warm waters offer ample fuel for storm formation.
		In recent years, Hurricane Andrew hit south of Miami as a Category 4 on August 24, 1992, but was upgraded to a Category 5 in 2002 after 10 years of research.
	skydiary.com /kids/hurricanes.html (1167 words)

	Hurricanes: online meteorology guide
		Hurricanes are cyclones that develop over the warm tropical oceans and have sustained winds in excess of 64 knots (74 miles/hour).
		The purpose of this module is to introduce hurricanes and their associated features, to show where hurricanes develop, and to explain the atmospheric conditions necessary for hurricane development.
		The different names given to hurricane-like storms in different parts of the world.
	ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu /(Gh)/guides/mtr/hurr/home.rxml (343 words)

	hurricane intensity
		In the 1970s the Saffir-Simpson hurricane intensity category system was developed to characterize the destructive potential of hurricanes.
		Hurricane Andrew was pushed along by winds in excess of 120 mph.
		Hurricane damage comes not only from wind, but also from rain, tornadoes, floods, and the effects of very low air pressure.
	www.cotf.edu /ete/modules/sevweath/swintensity.html (362 words)

	THE DEADLIEST, COSTLIEST, AND MOST INTENSE UNITED STATES HURRICANES FROM 1900 TO 2000
		In terms of central pressure (and probably winds), the strongest observed hurricane in the Atlantic basin was Gilbert in 1988 with a pressure of 888 millibars in the northwest Caribbean.
		An early hurricane can be defined as occurring in the three months prior to the start of the season, and a late hurricane can be defined as occurring in the three months after the season.
		With these criteria the earliest observed hurricane in the Atlantic was on March 7, 1908, while the latest observed hurricane was on December 31, 1954, the second "Alice" of that year which persisted as a hurricane until January 5, 1955.
	www.aoml.noaa.gov /hrd/Landsea/deadly/index.html (4003 words)

	WashingtonPost.com: WeatherPost -- The Saffir-Simpson Scale
		Since damage from hurricanes comes from a combination of factors, including wind, rain, floods, storm-surge height, and tornadoes, the Saffir-Simpson scale is used to gauge a hurricane based on all these factors.
		The Saffir-Simpson hurricane intensity category system was developed in the 1970s to calculate the destructive force of hurricanes.
		The chart below can be used to give an estimate of the potential property damage and flooding expected along the coast with a hurricane.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/weather/hurricane/info/saffir.htm (352 words)

	NOAA/NWS/OM/CUSTOMER/PUB/HUR
		A hurricane is a type of tropical cyclone, the general term for all circulating weather systems over tropical waters (counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere).
		A large portion of the coastal areas with high population densities are subject to the inundation from the hurricane's storm surge that historically has caused the greatest loss of life and extreme property damage.
		Hurricane Hugo (1989) battered Charlotte, North Carolina (which is about 175 miles inland), with gusts to near 100 mph, downing trees and power lines and causing massive disruption.
	www.nws.noaa.gov /om/brochures/hurrbro.htm (3255 words)

	Destruction Caused by Hurricanes: saffir-simpson scale and dangerous features
		Once a hurricane develops, the Saffir-Simpson Scale is used to classify a hurricane's damage potential.
		A number of theories exist about their origin, but in the case of Hurricane Andrew, severe damage was inflicted by small spin-up vortices that developed in regions of strong wind-shear found in the hurricane's eye wall.
		The strong winds of the hurricane frequently hide the smaller tornado paths, making it difficult to attribute damage caused by one or the other.
	ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu /(Gh)/guides/mtr/hurr/dstr.rxml (284 words)

	NOAA News Online (Story 2056)
		Hurricane force winds extend outward up to 35 miles from the center, and tropical storm force winds extend outward up to 140 miles.
		EDT the center of Hurricane Isabel was located near latitude 18.5 north, longitude 44.5 west or about 1,135 miles east of the northern Leeward Islands.
		The NOAA National Hurricane Center in Miami, Fla., reports that at 11 p.m.
	www.noaanews.noaa.gov /stories/s2056.htm (450 words)

	"Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale"
		Hurricane forecasters then interpret model results to arrive at a final track and intensity forecast, distributing it to the public in the form of advisories.
		The National Hurricane Center (NHC) in Miami,Florida is a part of the National Weather Service, under the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, an agency of the U.S.Department of Commerce.
		The NHC tracks tropical cyclones from the tropical depression stage through the hurricane stage over the North Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico and Eastern Pacific Ocean and makes predictions of the future position and intensity of the cyclones.
	www.aoml.noaa.gov /general/lib/track.html (392 words)

	NOAA Home Page - Hurricane Andrew
		Hurricane Andrew was the most destructive United States hurricane of record.
		The hurricane caused $26.5 billion in damage in the United States, of which $1 billion occurred in Louisiana and the rest in south Florida.
		NOAA's National Hurricane Center had a peak gust of 164 mph—measured 130 feet above the ground—while a 177 mph gust was measured at a private home.
	www.noaa.gov /hurricaneandrew.html (286 words)

	NBC 15 :: Close to Home - The Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale
		Last Update: 9/5/2004 11:24:59 AM The Saffir-Simpson scale of a hurricane's intensity is used to estimate the potential property damage and coastal flooding.
		The scale is determined by wind speed, since storm surge sizes depend on the slope of the continental shelf.
		Before that, the last one was Hurricane Hugo in 1989.
	www.wpmi.com /news/regional/story.aspx?content_id=B35C5404-5C44-4AB2-8B58-206463884FD1 (390 words)

	USATODAY.com - Hurricane Katrina stronger than Andrew at landfall
		Katrina's winds at landfall were 140 mph, which places the storm as a strong Category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson scale of hurricane intensity.
		Hurricane Katrina was the third-most intense hurricane to ever hit the United States since reliable records began in 1851, according to the National Weather Service.
		Wind speed is the primary factor for determining the categories of hurricanes, superceding barometric pressure.
	www.usatoday.com /weather/stormcenter/2005-08-31-Katrina-intensity_x.htm (326 words)

	Atlantic Tropical Storm Tracking by Year
		The chart color codes intensity (category based on Saffir-Simpson scale):
		This is a list of Atlantic hurricanes since 1851.
		For detailed information regarding the re-analysis of the Atlantic hurricane database see
	weather.unisys.com /hurricane/atlantic/index.html (184 words)

	Pat's Boating in Canada: Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale
		See the Beaufort Scale for more information about wind speed categories.
	boating.ncf.ca /hurricane.html (11 words)

	The Hurricane Watch Net
		Hurricane conditions are also possible within the next 36 hours within the Tropical Storm Warning area.
		EDT – 0900 UTC, the government of Colombia has issued a Hurricane Watch in addition to the Tropical Storm warning already in effect for the Islands of San Andres and Providencia.
		A Tropical Storm Warning is in effect for the entire Caribbean coast of Nicaragua from the border with Costa Rica northward to Cabo Gracias a Dios near the Nicaragua/Honduras border, and adjacent Islands.
	www.hwn.org (162 words)

	Hurricane Basics: Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Intensity Scale
		The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Intensity Scale is used to categorize hurricane strength and potential damage.
		This table shows the parameters (wind speed and storm surge), criteria, and expected damage of each category of hurricane.
		Note: Damage descriptions are provided in NOAA's "Hurricane and Disaster Brochure".
	www.comet.ucar.edu /nsflab/web/hurricane/314.htm (61 words)

	NWS Tallahassee Tropics Watch - Hurricane Season 2005
		See the preliminary local storm reports for Hurricanes Wilma, Katrina, and Dennis, and Tropical Storms Cindy and Arlene.
		See the aerial photographs of damage along the LA, MS, and AL coasts from Hurricane Katrina.
		See the aerial photographs of damage along the Florida Panhandle coast from Hurricane Dennis.
	www.srh.noaa.gov /tlh/tropical (366 words)

	Southern Regional Climate Center - Tropical Desk
		The forecast for the current Hurricane Season as issued by Dr. William Gray of Colorado State University.
		The SRCC TROPICAL DESK provides current tropical storm and hurricane outlooks, forecasts, storm tracks, and links to additional sources of information.
		The Atlantic hurricane season extends from June 1 through November 30
	www.srcc.lsu.edu /tropical (87 words)

	082698_hurricanescale.asp
		The Saffir-Simpson scale classifies hurricanes into five categories according to their intensity, allowing comparisons of past hurricanes and communication of the strength of an approaching storm to the public.
		Winds of 74-95 mph and storm surges of 4-5 ft. No significant wind damage to well constructed buildings.
		Major storm surge flooding to areas lower than 20 feet above mean sea level.
	www.msnbc.com /news/wld/tables/082698_hurricanescale.asp (266 words)

	Hurricane Dennis strengthens, threatens Cuba, Florida - Forbes.com
		Hurricane warnings -- meaning hurricane conditions can be expected within the next 24 hours -- extend from Cuba's Havana province, which includes the capital, Havana, to the lower Florida Keys.
		The full brunt of the storm, which was upgraded to a category four hurricane -- five is the maximum -- looked set to hit the central part of Cuba with winds in excess of 215 kilometers (135 miles) per hour and pounding rain.
		At 0900 GMT Friday, Dennis, the year's first Atlantic hurricane, was located 440 kilometers (275 miles) southeast of Havana, and moving in a northwesterly direction at 26 kilomters (16 miles) per hour.
	www.forbes.com /home/feeds/afx/2005/07/08/afx2129758.html (781 words)

	Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Intensity Scale by Donald Burger, Houston, TX
		Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Intensity Scale by Donald Burger, Houston, TX Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Intensity Scale
		Category 1 Hurricane: Winds of 74 to 95 mph.
		Category 2 Hurricane: Winds of 96 to 110 mph.
	www.burger.com /hrcnints.htm (74 words)

	National Hurricane Center / Tropical Prediction Center
		These are reduced versions of the actual tracking charts used by the National Hurricane Center.
		The Atlantic hurricane season runs from June 1 through November 30.
		The Eastern Pacific hurricane season runs from May 15 through November 30.
	www.nhc.noaa.gov (179 words)

	NOAA Home Page - Floods
		With Safety Rules For Tornadoes, Hurricanes, Floods, Flash Floods, Thunderstorms/Lightning, Winter Storms WATCH: Severe weather is possible within the designated watch area.
		Flood rescue efforts along the Choluteca River following Hurricane Mitch.
		Over the past 30 years, flood waters have claimed an annual toll of nearly 140 lives in this country.
	www.noaa.gov /floods.html (830 words)

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