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Topic: Saharawis

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	MAR \| Data \| Assessment for Saharawis in Morocco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Saharawi of the Western Sahara are members of one of 22 nomadic tribes, one fifth of whom regularly move across the country's nominal borders.
		The POLISARIO Front, the primary Saharawi political party of Saharawis, is recognized as the legitimate government of Western Sahara by approximately 40 countries and was admitted to the Organization of African Unity (an act that caused Morocco to withdraw from the OAU).
		Virtually all Saharawi grievances — which include delays in the holding of the referendum, the settlement of Moroccans in Western Sahara, continued military occupation, restrictions on movement, and economic disadvantages — are intrinsically linked to the question of independence.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=60003 (1126 words)

	Refugees International: Articles: Forgotten People: The Saharawis of Western Sahara
		Saharawis have thus faced the continual dilemma of whether or not to hold out for their right to vote on their political future, a right fully endorsed by a 1975 ruling by the International Court of Justice and subsequent United Nations resolutions.
		Finally, the Saharawis are Muslim, and this has normally proved to be a barrier to engagement by agencies and individuals in humanitarian movements in the Western industrialized countries.
		Though the Saharawis have been remarkably resourceful in pumping underground water for irrigation, even the food they produce in their largest crop plot is only enough to send to patients in camp hospitals.
	www.refugeesinternational.org /content/article/detail/869 (1631 words)

	Saharawis fight for homeland - The Washington Times: World Briefings - April 28, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Saharawis have the right to their land, and they will defend that right.
		Politically, it is also important for Saharawis living in the occupied territories to see their brother Saharawi citizens struggle for self-determination, and their refusal to be part of Morocco.
		Their condition — in terms of food, clothing and general living conditions — is exactly the same as those of Saharawi refugees and the Saharawi army.
	www.washtimes.com /world/20040427-094716-9184r.htm (1013 words)

	Travel in El Aaiun Westerm Sahara History
		Saharawi society, like many others in Africa at that time, was a tribal society, but it had some specific characteristics.
		Each Saharawi tribe was divided into sub-tribes which had so much autonomy that a colonial historian from Spain described them as living in "complete anarchy".
		The Saharawi fighters, who had supported the Moroccans (and also the Mauritanians and the Algerians) in their liberation struggl e against France, asked them for support in their liberation struggle against the continuation of Spanish domination.
	www.africatravelling.net /western_sahara/el_aaiun/el_aaiun_history.htm (1379 words)

	BBC News \| Africa \| Background: The forgotten conflict
		He was there to meet the Saharawi's political leaders in a bid to break the political deadlock which has kept their people virtual prisoners in the desert for the last 23 years.
		The Saharawis claim that one of the reasons that most of the world has never heard of them is because they have eschewed terrorism and kidnapping.
		Her songs of exile and lament are broadcast on Polisario radio and it is said that those Saharawis who live in the Moroccan occupied part of the country tune their radios by night to hear her.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/world/africa/newsid_264000/264052.stm (1007 words)

	FMR 2 August 1998 - 5. Saharawi refugees: life after the camps
		Although these concerns are not as high a priority for the Saharawis as supplies of food and drinking water, some initiatives have been mounted, including a psychiatric hospital, day centres for children with disabilities, training of specialist teachers, and systematic checks on children's hearing.
		According to Daniel Mora-Castro, UNHCR administrator responsible for water, the water in the Saharawi refugee camps is either of borderline quality or unfit for human consumption (according to recognised chemical and bacteriological standards) and is also highly contaminated with faecal matter.
		The Saharawi people will once again have to prove their adaptability in leaving the hard life of their camps and returning to a territory of uncertain status.
	www.fmreview.org /text/FMR/02/05.htm (1783 words)

	WSO\| Latest News
		Saharawi women in the occupied territories of Western Sahara are subjected to all forms of violence and discrimination inflicted on them by the Moroccan security forces.
		Tuesday, October 11, 2005: 14 Saharawi political prisoners are presented before the examining magistrate in the court of El Ayun and SADR flags brandished in El Ayun commemorating the "National Union" day.
		Chronology of the Saharawi Intifada in the occupied territories
	www.wsahara.net /news.html (2946 words)

	SAHARA PRESSE SERVICE
		He reaffirms that Saharawis in exile "are refugees according to the UN not "sequestrated” as Moroccan official propaganda describes them".
		"Saharawis in the refugees camps in Tindouf, south Algeria, are “refugees” according to the UN not “sequestrated” as Moroccan official propaganda describes them", he reaffirmed tackling the excuse that served Moroccan authorities to condemn him to a big fine and 10 years banning from writing or exercising his job in the kingdom for “defamation”.
		Saharawi citizens are in fact, targets to flagrant violations of their rights under the sight and hearing of the members of the mission:
	www.spsrasd.info /sps-e270405.html (1086 words)

	Mariem Hassan
		The Saharawis, descendants of nomadic tribes, live in tent cities that sprouted when they fled their neighbouring Western Sahara homeland after Morocco annexed the 285 000sq km land at the end of Spanish colonial rule in 1976.
		The Saharawis are resisting attempts to have Moroccans who've moved to the territory given the right to vote.
		The Saharawi camps are named after the four main cities of the Western Sahara - El Ayoun, Smara, Dhakla and Aoussert - and the refugees are distributed according to their origins.
	mariemhassan.blogspot.com (2396 words)

	FMO Research Guide: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Saharawi refugees are located in one of the most hostile and barren deserts of the world, in the remote south-western corner of Algeria, near the town of Tindouf.
		In 2001, the longest-serving Saharawi prisoner of conscious (for twenty-three years), Sidi Mohammed Daddach, was released and awarded the Norwegian Rafto prize in recognition of his sacrifice to the Saharawi cause of independence.
		The dispersal of Saharawi youth into the interior of Morocco for work opportunities and tertiary education is also perceived as an attempt to dilute and destroy Saharawi identity.
	www.forcedmigration.org /guides/fmo035/fmo035-4.htm (3216 words)

	FMO Research Guide: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Saharawi groups representing a wide spectrum of interests came together, somewhat spontaneously, to confront the Moroccan authorities.
		The remaining various Saharawi civil groups do not enjoy official recognition from the Moroccan authorities, but their existence is nevertheless an important historical development.
		Saharawi activists in the OT claim that many Saharawi youth who have dropped out of the educational system and have few prospects of employment are often encouraged by Moroccan agents to turn to drugs and drink, or are lured into petty crime.
	www.forcedmigration.org /guides/fmo035/fmo035-5.htm (1615 words)

	Accent Travel Destination Page - SAHARA
		The Saharawis fighters, who had supported the Moroccans (and also the Mauritanians and the Algerians) in their liberation struggle against France, asked them for support in their liberation struggle against the continuation of Spanish domination.
		An intensive campaign to mobilize the Saharawis people on behalf of their independence led to a massive demonstration, in 1970, against the efforts by the colonial power to turn the Sahara into a Spanish province.
		The Republic was proclaimed on 27 February to emphasize that the Saharawi people had affirmed their sovereignty and that it was no longer possible for a new colonization to take place.
	www.accenttravel.com /destination_pages/sahara.html (1723 words)

	Songs of the Matriarchs
		Similarities between the Saharawis and the Tuareg (Tamasheck) who endured persecution by the Malian government in the not too distant past can be detected here.
		Under the Polisario, Saharawis women literacy level leapt from 1 to 90% and the women will continue to play a strong role in their communities after the Polisario nation returns to its homeland.
		However, most impressive, the Saharawis have set up gardens and other farming in the harsh desert climate where they reside proving their determination and resourcefulness once again.
	spot.pcc.edu /~mdembrow/songsofthematriarchs.htm (1235 words)

	Refugees Claim To Build A Desert Democracy
		Indeed, the Saharawi claim, their refugee camps scattered around the Algerian town of Tindouf have spawned a model society -- complete with a flag, an elected government, and a constitution that upholds religious tolerance and democracy in a region where both are rarities.
		Saharawi children often leave the camps for further schooling, under programs sponsored by foreign charities, or by a handful of sympathetic governments.
		The Saharawis are Muslims, but not a mosque juts out from the dusty camps, and the refugees welcome Christian aid workers.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/africa-04a.html (1205 words)

	Western Sahara - Sahara Occidental - Droits humains
		As for the other Saharawis who were not able to flee the territory, they continue to live in the throes of ferocious repression from the Moroccan authorities.
		The economically active Saharawi population thus found itself suffering unemployment, while priority in employment was given to the Moroccan population residing in the territory.
		At the beginning of 1991, these young deported Saharawis were repatriated to the territory, and since that date their careers have not progressed, nor have they been able to resume their studies that were forcibly broken off in 1988.
	www.arso.org /DDHS010403e.htm (2129 words)

	Saharawis abandoned warfare and eschewed terrorism, placing their trust in international law and the United Nations. ...
		Saharawis abandoned warfare and eschewed terrorism, placing their trust in international law and the United Nations.
		It is indeed an affront to ask the Saharawi people who have suffered immensely from Morocco’s occupation of their homeland and been denied their basic human rights, to accept an imposed ‘political reality’ and negotiate a compromise on international legality.
		It is the Saharawi side that in 1998 accepted the principle of a referendum including the option to vote for integration with Morocco.
	live.newint.org /columns/viewfrom/2006/07/01/betrayed (1203 words)

	SAHARA PRESSE SERVICE
		A group of the Saharawi students were victim to aggression and torture on Friday afternoon, of whom three were seriously wounded, mainly Al Asri Ramdan, wounded in his head, Majid Zein Al Arab, wounded in his arms and back and Boutmit Brahim, wounded in his back, the same source added.
		The correspondent of the SPS asserted that the Saharawis are under siege in their residences in the university campus and in the University of Literature in Agadir.
		On another hand a demonstration was organised by young Saharawis in the 'Skeikima' Street in the occupied city of El Aaiun, to which dozens Saharawis took part, "raising the flags of the Saharawi Republic and chanting slogans advocating the Saharawi people’s right to self-determination", the same sources recalled.
	www.spsrasd.info /sps-e120306.html (740 words)

	Saharawis wait patiently for a just solution - On Line Opinion - 1/9/2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As a result of the conflict over 165,000 Saharawis fled their homeland and have lived in makeshift refugee camps situated in the harsh desert of southwest Algeria for the past 30 years.
		Many see the Saharawis as an example of a secular Muslim nation that celebrates the role of women and which could be a beacon of hope in the Maghreb region.
		For us Saharawis, it is hard to fathom why our moderate and pragmatic attitude has not attracted a positive response from the influential powers, when our aim is to establish a modern state, based on democracy and respect of human rights.
	www.onlineopinion.com.au /view.asp?article=215 (1084 words)

	The Militant - December 21, 2004 -- Saharawis step up protests against Moroccan occupation
		These protests, against the daily abuses suffered by Saharawis and others under the rule of Morocco’s monarchy, have been fueled by the refusal of the Moroccan king to proceed with a referendum on independence for this northwest African nation.
		Saharawis and others inside Morocco who engage in protests have suffered brutal government repression under a spate of laws designed to preserve the autocratic government.
		In January a number of Saharawi prisoners were released along with other opponents of the monarch—including a prominent Moroccan editor who was arrested for publishing an interview supporting independence for Western Sahara.
	www.themilitant.com /2004/6847/684760.html (620 words)

	Diplomatic Desert - Global Policy Forum - UN Security Council
		A vast swathe of sand and scrub, it is home to the Saharawi, a hardy people who consider themselves to be a nation.
		Around 200,000 Saharawis fled and formed a guerrilla movement, the Polisario, which fought the Moroccans to a stalemate.
		The Saharawis languish in bleak refugee camps on the border with Algeria.
	www.globalpolicy.org /security/issues/wsahara/2004/0927desert.htm (726 words)

	UN Backtracks On Western Sahara
		The Saharawis have been patiently waiting for the promised referendum to be held as they continue suffering in their refugee camps.
		According to the UN authorities, the Saharawis will be allowed to function in an "autonomous" manner and "may" be given a choice to decide after four years on whether they stay with the Kingdom of Morocco or opt for independence.
		A full-scale war may not be imminent but the Saharawis are a people who have nothing to lose by fighting for their homeland.
	pd.cpim.org /2001/july15/july152k1_polisario.htm (1285 words)

	Saharawi Republic Waits to Be Born Insight on the News - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Digya is one of the 165,000 Saharawi refugees who have lived in makeshift camps in southwestern Algeria for 25 years.
		After the Saharawis fled to the camps they organized a fighting force called the Polasario Front, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Saguia el-Hamra and Rio de Oro, the names for the two provinces that comprise the territory known as Western Sahara.
		It has been eight years since the cease-fire and the Saharawis still languish in the desert, living on U.N. aid and money from sympathetic European countries and making the best of their plight.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1571/is_37_15/ai_56184193 (912 words)

	Poetry Translation Centre \| SOAS \| News \| SAHARAWI POETS VISIT SOAS
		The native Saharawis who have remained in occupied Western Sahara are now outnumbered by Moroccan settlers and a huge presence of army and security forces.
		A UN referendum giving the Saharawis a chance to vote on their right to self-determination was planned for 1992, but it has yet to take place.
		The Saharawis speak Hassaniya, an unwritten Arabic dialect, but the Generación de la Amistad write in Spanish, first learnt in primary school as a second language then reinforced for many when they were sponsored to study abroad in countries such as Cuba.
	www.poetrytranslation.soas.ac.uk /news/index.cfm?id=38 (524 words)

	Sahara refugees form a progressive society \| csmonitor.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Saharawi women are among the most liberated of the Muslim world, and their status is characteristic of the well- organized, egalitarian society that has developed in the refugee camps over the past three decades.
		For all their bleakness, the Saharawi camps boast a representative government, a 95 percent literacy rate, and a constitution that enshrines religious tolerance and gender equality.
		There is an old Saharawi saying, she says, that rings especially true today: "A tent is raised on two poles: a man and a woman." The Saharawis' traditionally tough, wandering lifestyle has always made them regard husband and wife as equal leaders of the household.
	www.csmonitor.com /2004/0326/p04s01-wome.html (1233 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Saharawis in Morocco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Many Saharawis fleeing from Moroccan troops died of thirst in the desert and many more were missing.
		An international conference in solidarity with Saharawi women was held in Europe with the Union of Saharawi Women.
		A protest for employment by 100 Saharawi was met by violence from police.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=60003 (1529 words)

	Saharawis' plight serious but ignored, says Refugees International - Morocco \| general
		Almost half their children are anemic, many are stunted and 13 percent are acutely malnourished, yet the plight of the 110,000 to 155,000 Sahrawi refugees has not attracted much international attention, RI said in a report titled: "Forgotten People: The Saharawis of Western Sahara".
		"The problems faced by the Saharawis reflect the difficulty of maintaining international commitment to meeting the basic needs of dependent refugee populations in the face of unresolved political conflicts," the NGO stated.
		Adding that the Saharawis were an example of a long-term refugee population created by a low-profile, unresolved situation, RI recommended that Baker be given more time to resolve the political stalemate.
	www.warmafrica.com /index/geo/6/cat/1/a/a/artid/180 (512 words)

	Western Sahara: Oil on troubled waters
		Moroccans are, however, well aware that the Saharawis under their heel in the occupied territory would vote with their refugee compatriots in the camps, and they have no intention of going through with the referendum, which was proposed by the UN Security Council, let alone accepting its outcome.
		The Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) is a member of the African Union and can count the vast majority of African states among its supporters.
		The Saharawis continue to press Pretoria to fulfil written promises made by former President Nelson Mandela and Foreign Minister Nkosazana Zuma to establish formal ties between the two countries.
	www.iss.co.za /AF/current/sadrapr03.htm (1039 words)

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