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Topic: Sahel

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	Sahel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Sahel (from Arabic ساحل, sahil, shore, border or coast of the Sahara desert) is the boundary zone in Africa between the Sahara to the north and the more fertile region to the south, known as the Sudan (not to be confused with the country of the same name).
		The Sahel is primarily savanna and runs from the Atlantic Ocean to the Horn of Africa, changing from semi-arid grasslands to thorn savanna.
		Soils in the Sahel are mostly acidic (which results in aluminum toxicity to plants), and are very low in nitrogen and phosphate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sahel (571 words)

	Sahel - LoveToKnow 1911
		SAHEL (Arabic for "shore"); a common place-name in countries where Arabic is the dominant language.
		By sahel any coast belt may be indicated, but the name has become the definite designation of certain districts, e.g.
		Sahel thus understood comprises regions which form the inter mediate zone between the fertile lands of the Sudan and the desert.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Sahel (130 words)

	Sahel - Simple English Wikipedia
		The Sahel is a narrow belt of land in West Africa.
		It is located between the dry desert land to the north and the forest areas to the south.
		Sahel is the Arab word for 'edge' or 'shore'.
	simple.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sahel (172 words)

	Sahel Africa
		Sahel Africa is a wide stretch of land running from the Atlantic ocean to the African "Horn", an area that contains the countries of Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia.
		The Sahel area is a predominately sparse savanna vegetation of grasses and shrubs.
		With the Sahel region becoming slowly more arid, the chronic instability of the environment, and livestock populations rising, it is difficult to develop the area, and a traditional way of living prevails.
	maps.unomaha.edu /Peterson/funda/Notes/Notes_Exam4/Sahel.html (995 words)

	sahel.htm
		The purpose of this paper is to attempt to determine some of these underlying relationships, their impact on the situation in the Sahel and to propose, however tentatively and with acknowledgment of my limitations, some small suggestions as to what might help with a few of the intractable problems of the region.
		The Sahel, an Arabic word meaning border or shore, is a region of Africa which extends from the Atlantic Ocean on the west through Sudan to the Indian Ocean on the east, in an band of about 200 to 700 miles in width and about 3000 miles long.
		Population in the Sahel has jumped from 19 million in 1961 to 30 million in 1980 and is estimated to be at 50 million by 2000.
	www.frontiernet.net /~mmulford/sahel.htm (6812 words)

	Book: Survival in the Sahel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Sahel's climate is greatly influenced by global wind circulation patterns, which determine periods of rain and aridity in the region.
		In winter the Sahel is subject to the influence of the northeast trade winds, which are hot and dry as a result of their long journey over the desert.
		The dry vegetation of the Sahel constitutes a fluid transition zone between desert to the north and savanna to the south.
	www.isnar.cgiar.org /publications/books/sahel/english/chap1-5.htm (2514 words)

	OECD Observer: Shifting sands of Sahel aid
		Africa is the poorest of the earth’s continents and the Sahel is the world’s poorest region at peace.
		The Sahel’s dependence on the donor community is increased by the fact that, in addition to the changing mix of external resources, the region’s indebtedness is rising too.
		Sahel co-operation has to be seen as a lasting partnership, one that seeks to harness local dynamics and inspire reforms.
	www.oecdobserver.org /news/fullstory.php/aid/181 (1339 words)

	[No title]
		The Sahel (from Arabic for shore or border) is the boundary zone in Africa between the Sahara to the north and the more fertile region to the south, known as the Sudan (not to be confused with the country of the same name).
		The Sahel is primarily savanna and runs from the Atlantic Ocean to the Horn of Africa.
		The countries of the Sahel include Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia.
	wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/s/sa/sahel.html (149 words)

	AFRICA - Explore the Regions - Sahel
		Anarrow band of semi-arid land south of the Sahara, the Sahel attracted both Arabs looking for gold from Sudan and Europeans looking for slaves from West Africa.
		The Sahel is widely French-speaking, Islamic and takes its name ("shore") from Arabic.
		To ease the strain, the Sahel's land must be restored, international development agencies believe.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/africa/explore/sahel/sahel_overview_lo.html (242 words)

	University of Michigan, NRE545, 1997 Monograph
		The Sahel, a region between the Sahara Desert and sub-Saharan Africa, is one of the most naturally arid places in the world.
		The Sahel is 500-1,000 km wide and stretches for 7,000 km from the west to the east coast of Africa.
		In the distant past, the Sahel was a "well-watered savanna" where forests, rivers, and grassland plains use to thrive.
	www.umich.edu /~csfound/545/1997/cha/sahel.html (4352 words)

	Desertification - a threat to the Sahel
		The misconception that the Sahel is directly exposed to the Sahara has been widely accepted.
		The Sahara is sometimes pictured as a sea of sand dunes washing onto the Sahel exposing farmers to waves of sand that roll in from the desert, yearly swallowing large chunks of farming land.
		In the Sahel slashing and burning of natural forest and bushland in order to clear land for annual agriculture is the main cause of this destruction.
	www.eden-foundation.org /project/desertif.html (2057 words)

	AFRICA - Explore the Regions - Sahel
		In the 1970s, the Sahel captured international attention when drought and famine killed nearly 200,000 people.
		Though conditions have since improved, it has yet to shake a vicious cycle of soil erosion, insufficient irrigation, deforestation, overpopulation, desertification and drought.
		Ambitious tree-planting and irrigation projects dot the Sahel, fueling hopes.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/africa/explore/sahel/sahel_overview.html (242 words)

	Book: Survival in the Sahel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Bernhard Gardi of the Museum of Ethnology in Basel contributed a historic and ethnic overview of the Sahel zone.
		Three major droughts and their subsequent impacts have claimed millions of lives in the Sahel since the late 1960s, which has resulted in current the general perception that the Sahel is beset by hopeless and insoluble problems.
		To ensure that economic and social development in the Sahel is adequate and sustainable, natural resources will have to be conserved rather than destroyed, hope will have to be stimulated rather than stifled, and every bit of progress, no matter how small it seems, will have to be nurtured with great care.
	www.isnar.cgiar.org /publications/books/sahel/english/intro.htm (2748 words)

	Pan Sahel Initiative (PSI)
		The Pan Sahel Initiative (PSI) was a U.S. State Department funded program in the northern African countries of Mali, Mauritania, Niger, and Chad designed to enhance border capabilities throughout the region against arms smuggling, drug trafficking, and the movement of trans-national terrorists.
		The Sahel is the subarid climatological zone located south of the Sahara Desert that stretches from east to west across Africa.
		The Sahel is a loosely defined strip of transitional vegetation that separates the desert from the tropical savannas to the south.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/ops/pan-sahel.htm (1175 words)

	RedOrbit - Science - End of Sahel Drought May Mean More U.S. Hurricanes
		DAKAR -- Signs a three-decade long drought in Africa's arid Sahel belt may be ending could herald an increase in hurricanes battering the eastern seaboard of the United States, a leading climatologist in West Africa said.
		The Sahel, a semi-desert zone which separates the Sahara from Africa's more tropical regions around the Equator, has been gripped by the worst drought in modern history since the 1970s.
		While data suggests that rainfall over the Sahel appears to be rising in recent years, it remains premature to herald the end of the drought, Gaye said.
	www.redorbit.com /news/science/325914/end_of_sahel_drought_may_mean_more_us_hurricanes/index.html?source=r_science (448 words)

	Sahel Land Use
		The Sahel region of West Africa is endowed with a highly diverse, yet fragile environment.
		The objective is to characterize land use and land cover trends using historical and current satellite imagery and supporting ground information from three points in time (1965, 1985, and 2000), and to better understand the socioeconomic and biophysical factors driving the trends.
		The activity also fits within the objectives of CILSS (Comité Inter-Etat de Lutte Contre la Sécheresse au Sahel) to assure improved food security and rational management of natural resources within a framework of regional integration and sustainable development.
	edcintl.cr.usgs.gov /sahel.html (526 words)

	Sahel Food - Mali - Mark Moxon, Travel Writer
		The reason I haven't talked much about food in the Sahel is because it's generally pretty nondescript – it's not terrible, just uninspiring, and if you're used to travelling among the beautiful smells of Asian or European food, then you're in for a shock.
		The Sahel is incredibly poor, and inevitably it shows in the diet.
		For example, Mali's neighbour Côte d'Ivoire is the biggest producer of coffee in Africa and the third biggest producer in the world, but throughout the Sahel coffee is sold as instant Nescafé rather than freshly ground beans.
	www.moxon.net /mali/sahel_food.html (1144 words)

	Sahel Eritrea
		Sahel, the northernmost province of Eritrea, is composed mostly of mountains, heavily eroded, which plunge down into stony valleys, carved out by the waters gushing down the mountain slopes during the rainy season.
		The rest of the year the valleys are dry and arid, with little vegetation for any animals, except the hardy goat.
		The Sahel province is a lesson in Eritrean history.
	home.planet.nl /~hans.mebrat/eritrea-sahel.htm (272 words)

	Sahel - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		SAHEL [Sahel], name applied to the semiarid region of Africa between the Sahara to the north and the savannas to the south, extending from Senegal, on the west, through Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, N Nigeria, Sudan, to Ethiopia on the east.
		Beginning in the late 1960s the Sahel was afflicted by a prolonged and devastating drought that further reduced the region's normally meager water supplies, shattered its agricultural economy, contributed to the starvation of an estimated 100,000 people, and forced the mass migration southward of many people.
		Although rainfall and international relief efforts helped, drought and famine affected the Sahel again in the mid-1980s and early 1990s.
	encyclopedia.infonautics.com /html/S/Sahel.asp (279 words)

	Africa's Sahel: 1994 Rainfall Verification and 1995 Forecast
		The East Sahel reaches from 26E to the Red Sea and is composed of parts of Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Djibouti.
		The Central Sahel forecast is similar to favorably wet rainfall amounts occurring in 1988, 1965, 1960, and 1951.
		The East Sahel forecast is similar to near normal rainfall amounts that occurred in 1979, 1974, 1969, and 1955.
	www.umassd.edu /specialPrograms/caboverde/sahel94.html (1763 words)

	ALN #49: Taylor: Feedbacks between the land surface and the atmosphere in the Sahel
		Lying between the Sahara desert to the north and moist tropical savanna to the south, the African Sahel is a region which suffers from very variable annual rainfall.
		It is also unclear how much recent deforestation, both in the Sahel and further south towards the Gulf of Guinea, have affected the climate of the area.
		However, at least one thing seems clear: given the natural variability of rainfall in the Sahel, coupled with both unprecedented changes in regional land use and the uncertainties associated with global changes in greenhouse gases, climate stability in the Sahel is unlikely.
	ag.arizona.edu /OALS/ALN/aln49/taylor.html (2140 words)

	About Sahel Academy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sahel Academy is located on 8.5 acres along the Niger River in Niamey, Niger.
		Missionaries from the West African countries of Burkina Faso, Benin and of course, Niger send their children to Sahel.
		Classes vary year to year, but in 1999/2000 school year the average number is 12.
	www.sim.ne /sahel/about.htm (132 words)

	African Deserts and the Sahel in the Electronic Passport
		The Sahel is the strip of land that separates savanna from the desert.
		The Sahel is shrinking at an alarming rate.
		Without the trees and bushes to hold it in place, the thin topsoil is of the Sahel blown away, leaving stony land where neither grass nor crops can grow.
	www.mrdowling.com /611-deserts.html (247 words)

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