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| | Crusader States, Kings of Jerusalem & Cyprus, Templars, Hospitallers, Israel, etc. |
 | | The Seljuk Great Sultânate only briefly held its greatest power, but that was sufficient for the Turks to defeat the Romans at Manzikert (1071) and permanently penetrate the historic Christian heartland of Anatolia. |
 | | The Emperor Alexius I Comnenus, with no money, virtually no army left, and the Turks at the Bosporus, could only turn to his fellow Christians in the West. |
 | | Urban, less interested in helping the Schismatic Greeks, thought that, nevertheless, the time might be ripe (after 459 years) to undo the Islâmic Conquest of the Holy Land itself. |
| www.friesian.com /outremer.htm (14277 words) |
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