Sakhalin Island - Factbites

Sakhalin Island - Factbites
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Topic: Sakhalin Island

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	Sakhalin
		Sakhalin is the largest island of the Russian Federation, being 948 km (589 miles) long, and 25 to 170 km (16 to 105 miles) wide, with an area of 78,000 km² (24,560 sq.
		The capital of Sakhalin is Yuzhno Sakhalinsk( Japanese: Toyohara (&;)), a city of about 200,000 which has a large Korean minority who immigrated to the island by their free will or were brought for compulsory service during World War II, to work in the coal mines.
		Sakhalin is separated from the mainland by the narrow and shallow Mamiya Strait or Strait of Tartary, which often freezes in winter in its narrower part, and from Hokkaido( Japan) by the Soya Strait or Strait of La Pérouse.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/sakhalin

	Kuril Islands
		The Kuril Islands were inhabited by the Ainu from time immemorial until they were expelled from the northernmost by the Russians in the 18th century.
		The islands are renowned for their fogginess, but are rich in seaweed and marine life, such as fish and otters.
		While in Russain sources the islands are mentioned for the first time in 1646, the earliest detailed information about them was provided by the explorer Vladimir Atlasov in 1697.
	hallencyclopedia.com /Kuril_Islands

	FLORA
		Sakhalin lies wholly in the taiga zone, but the taiga is not homogeneous from the north to the south of the island.
		In the north the boundary of that flora coincides with the boundary of the Kurile Bamboo, that being a distinctive marker of mountainous Sakhalin and South Kurile Islands flora.
		The two island groups have 1570 species of vascular plants, 1 173 in Sakhalin and 1 143 in the Kuriles.
	museum.sakh.com /eng/4.shtml

	sakhalin outdoor travel review
		Relief of the islands is mainly mountainous and volcanic with the hot spring and sulfur fumaroles on the average 2000foot elevation.
		The surface of the island is mostly mountainous with a numerous rivers and lagoon lakes.
		Kuril Islands are unique phenomenon, where the nature reveals with hot springs and volcanoes and natural botanical gardens, where Kuril bamboo, lianas of wild grapes neighbor with flora of polar latitudes as larch, birch and alder.
	travel.sakhalin.su /Business/Outdoor.htm

	Sakhalin Island
		The Sakhalin Region is unique for its island situation in the Russian Federation and includes the Sakhalin Island, its neighboring Moneron and Tyuleny islands as well as Kuril Islands.
		The island is washed with the warm Sea of Japan in the west and southwest, and with the cold Sea of Okhotsk in the north and east.
		Bowels of the Sakhalin earth are rich in oil, gas, coal and charcoal; there are deposits of chromate, complex ores, mercury, gold, sulfur, limestone etc. There are plenty of mineral water springs (including thermal ones) and curative mud.
	cashgrace.com /Sakhalin.html

	Kommersant - New Russia's First Independent Newspaper
		The hydrocarbon resources of Sakhalin Island and the adjacent shelf, where most of the proven and probable oil and gas reserves are located, represent the greatest worth for the economies of both Sakhalin Region and the Far Eastern region as a whole.
		Many species of marine mammals inhabit the seas around Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands.
		Sakhalin Region is part of the Far Eastern economic district and is one of the country's largest regions.
	www.kommersant.com /tree.asp?rubric=5&node=410&doc_id=-66

	SAKHALIN.RU: Sakhalin and the Kuriles. History
		On January 2, 1947, South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands were included as parts of the Sakhalin Region, and the Region was simultaneously designated as a separate territory of the Russian Federation.
		The text of the San Francisco Treaty says that Japan "renounces its rights, privileges and claims to the Kurils and to that part of the island of Sakhalin and its adjoining islands over which Japan obtained sovereignty by the terms of the Treaty of Portsmouth".
		The Sakhalin Region, in its present form, was officially defined and integrated as a part of the Russian Federation on January 2, 1947.
	www.sakhalin.ru /Engl/Region/history.htm

	Russia: SAKHALIN REGIONAL UPDATE
		INTRODUCTION TO THE SAKHALIN REGION The Sakhalin and Kuril Islands are situated in the Russian Far East, north of Hokkaido, Japan, and surrounded by the Sea of Okhotsk and Sea of Japan.
		Sakhalin is the largest island in the region and by far is the most developed.
		The length of Sakhalin from north to south is 948 km; with the greatest width being 160 km and the smallest width at 26 km.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/russia/industry/docs/mark0133.htm

	Travel East Russia - Sakhalin Oblast and the Kurile Islands
		In the south, Sakhalin is separated by the La Perouse Strait between Sakhalin Island and the Japanese Island of Hokaido.
		The native people who settled thousands of years ago on Sakhalin Island are the Nivkhi (current population 2,000), the Ul'la or Oroche (population 500) and the Evenki (population 180).
		Because Sakhalin is an island, it has taken longer for people to discover it.
	www.traveleastrussia.com /sakhalin.html

	MSN Encarta - Japan
		The San Francisco peace treaty had not specified which islands were included in the Kurils, and Japan continued to claim three islands and one island group occupied by the USSR.
		The USSR agreed in principle to return the islands nearest HokkaidÅ if a peace treaty was signed between the two countries, but the issue of the other two islands was left open.
		And neither the government in Beijing, ruled by the Communists, nor the Nationalist government on Taiwan, ruled by the Kuomintang (which had retreated to the island after the Communists gained control of the mainland in 1949), were invited to the peace conference because of international dissent over which government legitimately ruled China.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761566679_20/Japan.html

	The Sakhalin Times
		The Sakhalin railroad, by order of the Russian Railway Ministry, is preparing to adjust the narrow gauge on Sakhalin (1067mm) to the Russian mainland standard gauge (1520m), the press office of Sakhalin railroad reported.
		Sakhalin Energy CEO Steve McVeigh on January 30 at a press conference in Moscow explained the details of the programme.
		He said the Sakhalin customs might become an obstacle for the development of the oil and gas projects if the personnel management is improved and the information technology is not modernized.
	www.sakhalintimes.com

	Case Study
		The second point is that the Soviet inclusion of the southern half of Sakhalin Island, the Kurile Islands, and the Northern Territories into their territory reportedly could not receive recognition by international society.
		With regard to Sakhalin Island, rather than establishing a boundary, historical precedent was continued.
		The 1855 Treaty of Commerce, Navigation and Delimitation left Sakhalin Island as a mixed settlement for Japanese and Russian nationals.
	www.american.edu /TED/ice/KURILE.HTM

	REGIONAL CORNER: SAKHALIN ISLAND
		The Sakhalin Steamship Company, which operates the rail-barge to the mainland, and the island s river transport enterprises have struggled in recent years, although the development of Sakhalin s energy reserves is likely to boost their fortunes in the years ahead.
		Sakhalin Island lies off Russia s Pacific coast and is a major center for the fishing, forest products, and oil and gas industries in the Russian Far East.
		The major oil and gas fields are located off the northeast shore of Sakhalin Island, in the sea of Okhotsk.
	permanent.access.gpo.gov /lps3997/9604sakh.htm

	THE PREHISTORY OF SAKHALIN AND THE KURILE ISLANDS
		THE PREHISTORY OF SAKHALIN AND THE KURILE ISLANDS
		One of the main tasks of Sakhalin archaeology is to study the earliest palaeolithic settlements on Sakhalin and the Kurile Islands.
		For a long time Sakhalin and the Kurile Islands were, archaeologically speaking, "Terra Incognita", though since the end of the 19th century Russian and foreign explorers had pondered the prehistory of the islands.
	museum.sakh.com /eng/9.shtml

	Travel to Russia: Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
		In 1945 the Soviet Union won Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands from Japan, Toyohara was named Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and became the official capital of Sakhalin Region of the Russian Federation.
		Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, the capital of Sakhalin Region with a population of 164,000 people is located in the south part of Sakhalin Island.
		The Kuril Islands and Sakhalin are sometimes called the Natural Arboretum.
	www.redstarintl.com /city7.htm

	Language isolate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Palaeosiberian language spoken in the lower Amur River basin and on the Sakhalin Islands.
		Not technically a language isolate, but rather a member of the small Japonic language family, which also includes the languages spoken in the Ryukyu Islands.
		There are lexical coincidences with Basque, but it is hard to know if they are more than a result of vicinity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Language_isolate

	ISIP Information: Sakhalin Fishes
		Hucho perryi (Brevoort), Sakhalin taimen, itô (anadromous, freshwater): Hokkaido, Sakhalin, southern Kuril Islands (Taranetz, 1937; Berg, 1948; Kimura, 1966; Nikoforov et al.
		PINCHUK, V. The fauna of gobies (Gobiidae) of the Primor'ye and Sakhalin.
		Cottus amblystomopsis Schmidt, Sakhalin sculpin, ezohana-kajika (freshwater, euryhaline): Hokkaido, Sakhalin (Lutoga, Aleksandrovka, Poronai, and Tym rivers), Kunashir, Iturup, Shikotan (Berg, 1949b; Goto, 1983; Lindberg and Krasukova, 1987; Goto, 1990b; Nikoforov et al.
	artedi.fish.washington.edu /okhotskia/isip/Info/fishes.htm

	Kurile Island conflict - Dispute Between Russia and Japan over Sovereignty of Islands
		Japan renounces all right, title and claim to the Kurile Islands, and to that portion of Sakhalin and the islands adjacent to it over which Japan acquired sovereignty as a consequence of the Treaty of Portsmouth of 5 September 1905.
		The dispute is whether four of the islands currently under Russian administration were acquired by the Treaty of Portsmouth or were under Japanese control prior to this treaty.
		The Kurile Island conflict is a dispute between Russia and Japan over the sovereignty of islands currently under Russian administration.
	www.japan-101.com /history/kurile_island_conflict.htm

	Sakhalin and Kurile Islands
		The Sakhalin and the Kurile Islands are located on the east of Russia; to the north and quite near Japan.
		The Sakhalin Island lies between the continent and the Kuriles.
		Traveling along the island, the clients will find themselves in different climatic zones during several hours - shifting from the wilder ness of taiga to subtropical forests, from the mossy tundra to the jungles of giant plants.
	www.russia-tourism.ru /city.php?CITY_NAME=Sakhalin%20and%20Kurile%26nbsp%3BIslands

	Pravda.RU:Earthquakes on Sakhalin and Kuril Islands: no damage and victims
		As the Far Eastern emergencies regional centre reported on Monday, the epicentre of the earthquake on the Sakhalin Island was in the area of the township of Uglezavodsk at the depth of ten kilometres.
		Earthquakes measuring 3-3.5 on the Richter were registered on Sunday evening on the Sakhalin and Kuril Islands but no damages and victims have been reported.
		On the Kuril islands, the earth tremors were registered at the depth of 170 kilometres.
	newsfromrussia.com /region/2002/08/05/33821_.html

	Internet Outdoors Unlimited- Tours to Sakhalin Island, Russia; xc skiing, fishing, mud baths, salmon fishing, Russian tours
		It is situated in the Tatar Strait, southwest of Sakhalin Island, and covers nearly 30 sq.
		The very uncommon combination of various forms of underwater life and the influence of the warm Tsushima stream explains the reason why the waters surrounding Moneron Island are as clear as they are and inhabited by subtropical types of sea-urchin and starfish.
		The charming beauty of rocks, crashing waterfalls, a rich abundance of birds nesting on their columnar stacks, abandoned Japanese paths crossing the island, legends of the Island's past times… All of these features create the unique underwater character and topograhical image of this Island.
	www.shopoutdoors.com /sakhalin.html

	Sakhalin Island -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		It lies in the southern part of Sakhalin Island on the Aniva Gulf.
		With the Kuril Islands, it forms Sakhalin oblast...
		It is located between the Tatar Strait and the Sea of Okhotsk, north of the Japanese island of Hokkaido.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9065004

	Kuril - Surch
		Kudriavy (Kudryaviy) volcano, Iturup island, Kuril islands, Maritime province, Sakhalinskaya Oblast', Far-Eastern...
		Kuril Islands, Pacific (44.9 N 149.6 E) Pacific side boundary of the Kuril arc (the South Kuril Islands)...
		Japan, The Kuril Islands, Kamchatka, The Aleutians, The Pribilofs and Alaska...
	www.surch.co.uk /kuril

	History of the Kuril Islands
		Russia abandoned all claims to the Kuril Islands in return for assuming Japan's rights to Sakhalin
		The whole island of Etorofu belongs to Japan and the whole island of Uruppu and the other Kuril Islands to the North constitute possessions of Russia.
		Soviet conquest and annexation of the Kuril Islands
	www.fortunecity.com /olympia/ince/698/rurik/kuril.html

	Roadmapper Internet and Web Reference Resources : Society : Issues : Territorial Disputes : Sakhalin and Kurile Islands
		Overview of history and discovery of Sakhalin Island (Karafuto), one of the territories still disputed between Japan and Russia from a Japanese perspective.
		Article from the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the state's claim of the Sakhalin and the Kurile Islands which it refers to as the Northern Territories.
		6 pages found in Sakhalin and Kurile Islands:
	www.roadmapper.co.uk /index.php?c=Society/Issues/Territorial_Disputes/Sakhalin_and_Kurile_Islands

	Time table of Sakhalin
		The island was divided into two sectors and the frontier between two countries was settled at 50th parallel.
		A boss of Sakhalin Ainu met Lord Matsumae who was controlling the northern frontier of Japan and accepted to become his vassal.
		The central government sent Mamiya Rinzo to Sakhalin in order to explore the northern part of Sakhalin, unknown for Japanese until then.
	www.karafuto.com /timetab.html

	Hidden Facts about Sakhalin and Kuril Islands
		Sakhalin and Kuriles (in reality they are to be called Karafuto and Chishima Islands) are and were always Japanese territories since Japan existed.
		Welcome to this web page which will reveal the truth about the Sakhalin and Kuril Islands.
		It is quite strange that the Russian government dates their claim from the early 18th century saying that they were the first "settlers" on the islands.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Ginza/1253

	Kommersant - New Russia's First Independent Newspaper
		The city's flora has been preserved as separate fragments of natural communities, for example, Losiny ostrov (Elk Island), Bitsevsky les (Bitsevsky Forest), and Serebryany bor (Silver Pine Forest).
		In recent years, a trend towards impoverishment of local flora and the introduction of alien species into natural communities has been observed.
		A very interesting bird fauna consisting of periaquatic and grassland species has formed in these areas, along with excellent nesting grounds.
	www.kommersant.com /tree.asp?rubric=5&node=410&doc_id=-66

	BBC News EUROPE Earthquake strikes Sakhalin
		A powerful earthquake has struck Sakhalin island on Russia's far eastern coast setting off a mudslide.
		Five years ago, nearly 2,000 people died when an earthquake struck the town of Neftegorsk, on the remote island which is located off Russia's Pacific coast.
		Reports say the earthquake, which struck at 0800 local time (2100 GMT) measured six points on the Richter scale.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/867396.stm

	MSN Encarta - Ainu
		Ainu, aboriginal people of Asia, chiefly occupying parts of the Japanese island of Hokkaido as well as the Russian Kuril Islands and Sakhalin.
		Become a subscriber today and gain access to:
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761556496/Ainu.html

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In the News (Wed 23 Dec 09)