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Topic: Salerno landings

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Operation Ladbroke

Operation Fustian

Operation Husky

Battle of the Mediterranean

Operation Narcissus

Operation Chestnut

Axis Powers

	Salerno - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Salerno is a town and a province in Campania, south-western Italy, located on the gulf of the same name on the Tyrrhenian Sea.
		In September 1943, Salerno was the scene of the landing of the allies and from February 12th to July 17th 1944 it gave hospitality to the Government of Marshal Badoglio.
		Salerno appears more and more as a welcoming community for tourists from all over the world with its enchanting historical centre where it is possible to admire both the traces of its ancient history and the fervour of artisan shops and places for cultural and musical aggregation attended by thousands of people.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Salerno (1113 words)

	Operation Avalanche (World War II) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Operation Avalanche was the codename for the landings near the port of Salerno, executed on 9 September 1943, part of the Allied invasion of Italy.
		In order to draw troops away from the landing ground, a landing had already been made by the British Eighth Army in Calabria in the 'toe' of Italy, on 3 September.
		Simultaneous sea landings were made by the British 1st Airborne Division at the port of Taranto (Operation Slapstick).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Operation_Avalanche_(World_War_II) (465 words)

	OPERATION AVALANCHE
		The object of the operation was to land enough troops in the Gulf of Salerno to establish a bridgehead, capture Naples and secure the airfields in the area.
		The small landing craft that ferried men, vehicles and supplies to the beach were a critical yet largely overlooked aspect of amphibious warfare.
		The crew of the small landing craft usually consisted of a coxswain who was responsible for the boat, the mechanic or "Motor Mac", and the bowman who handled the ramp.
	www.uscg.mil /hq/g-cp/history/OperationAvalanche.html (2333 words)

	Lone Sentry: 5th Army Antiaircraft, Salerno to Florence, 9 September 1943 - 8 September 1944, WWII Unit History
		5th Army Antiaircraft, Salerno to Florence, 9 September 1943 - 8 September 1944 is a short history of the Antiaircraft Artillery of the Fifth Army in the first year of fighting in Italy, from the Salerno landings in September 1943 to the Arno River in September 1944.
		In the single year from the landings of the Fifth Army at Salerno, 9 September 1943, the feathers have been plucked one by one from the wings of the proud Luftwaffe until today, its striking power greatly weakened, it seems practically grounded.
		The big job at Salerno, however, was the primary one of fighting off the savage and repeated air attacks directed at the massed troops and supplies in the small beachhead area, at the shipping, and at the small boats plying to and from the beaches.
	www.lonesentry.com /fiftharmyaa (3613 words)

	USS Blanco County (LST-344)
		Blanco County (LST 344) was a veteran of landings at Gela, Salerno, and Normandy and was unique in that it had a swastika painted on it to record the Junkers 88 night fighter it shot down at Normandy where all ships were strictly prohibited from shooting at any airplanes.
		In keeping with the Blanco County's history at Gela and Salerno where the beachheads were threatened by ferocious assaults of Smiling Albert Kesselring's Luftwaffe ground troops, we retracted bow ramp and closed bow doors while standing by to cast off moorings, reverse screw propellers, kedge stern anchor, and shift ballast to back-off the river bank.
		Landings were under cover of artillery barrage and in perimeters secured by aerial strafing.
	www.mrfa.org /lst344.htm (1277 words)

	LST's of the United States Navy
		On 29 October 1946, the tank landing ship was struck from the Navy list and sold to the government of Greece on 6 January 1947.
		During World War II, LST-326 was assigned to the European theater and participated in the Sicilian occupation in July 1943, the Anzio-Nettuno advanced landings in January and February 1944, and the invasion of Normandy in June 1944.
		The tank landing ship was struck from the Navy list on 17 April 1946 and sold to Bosey, Philippines, on 5 December 1947.
	www.multied.com /navy/patrol/18.html (3768 words)

	Defense of Italy
		Such a landing would have cut off German troops on Sicily from their sources of supply, thereby shortening the length of time they could have resisted, and, most important, evacuation of German troops from Sicily would have been impossible.
		The 82d Airborne Division was to have landed on the airports of Rome to occupy the city and prevent the Germans from assuming control.
		The announcement of the armistice occurring simultaneously with the landing at Salerno might have resulted in a very grave situation for all German troops in the south.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/70-7_12.htm (8217 words)

	Tiger Tank. German Tanks duel U.S. warships at Salerno in World War II.
		For Salerno, however, Ike was a negotiator for larger forces for that operation as he was still the senior military commander with operational responsibility in the Mediterranean.
		Despite the fact that Salerno was in doubt all day on D-day, and the operation's immediate objectives in doubt until D+6, the Allied land forces fought their way in foot by foot, and eventually achieved the breakout from the beachhead that is the objective of any such concentrated effort.
		The British forces moved into Salerno with Capri to their port side, and on the clear, golden sunset evening of the 8th during the approach, and on a perfect weather D-day itself, Capri was quite visible to the British.
	www.daileyint.com /seawar/seawar8.htm (11376 words)

	LCI(L)-92 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		During the early morning hours of September 9, 1943, the Flotilla landed troops on the beach in the Gulf of Salerno near Paestum.
		After the invasion landing area was secured, some of the Flotilla made landings on the isle of Capri.
		After the landings, it was learned that many of the troops who landed at Salerno were later captured by the Germans in Anzio, Italy.
	www.geocities.com /lcil_92/Pg13.htm (577 words)

	UT DISCOVERY MAGAZINE
		Committed to frontal attacks on well-entrenched Germans in the town and surrounding hills, the troops of the 36th responded with determination, but were slaughtered by the score in the terraced olive groves and high rock ridges that marked the southern entrance to the Liri Valley.
		The battle for San Pietro Infine was a relatively small operation tucked between the bloody landings at Salerno and the muddy stalemate at Monte Cassino.
		In a memorable sequence preceding the attack, he focuses on the individual faces of the 143rd close up-smiling, talking, worrying, their eyes full of deference and humor and fear-in a way that makes disturbingly clear their humanity and the non-military aspect of their being.
	www.utexas.edu /opa/pubs/discovery/disc1997v14n2/disc-sanpietro.html (3281 words)

	Memories of G.H. SAUNDERS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Landed assault troops on beaches at Arzue, port south of Algiers at 2 a.m.
		The landing was very quiet, 10.00 a.m., in the morning early in 1943, Although we did hit trouble late afternoon after our escorts of cruisers and destroyers left.
		After the landings we were engaged in bringing wounded back to England and shipping more troops to France, this lasted quite a long period.
	www.warlinks.com /memories/saunders.html (1233 words)

	Royal Marines -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		No 41 Commando was reformed in 1950, and was originally envisaged as a raiding force for use against (A communist country in the northern half of the Korean Peninsula; established in 1948; involved in state-sponsored terrorism) North Korea.
		It performed this role until after the landing of (Click link for more info and facts about United States Army X Corps) United States Army X Corps at (Click link for more info and facts about Wonsan) Wonsan.
		It was then put into the line, as part of the (Click link for more info and facts about US 1st Marine Division) US 1st Marine Division, and took part in the famous retreat from (Click link for more info and facts about Chosin Reservoir) Chosin Reservoir.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/ro/royal_marines.htm (3469 words)

	Mediterranean
		At Gela, during the landing of the American 7th Army, the Robert Rowan--another ship loaded with ammunition and carrying a total of 421 merchant sailors and Army troops--took three direct hits from what was thought to be an Italian bomber.
		At Salerno the Winfield Scott had her baptism of fire when she blasted two German bombers out of the sky and drove others away before they could attack.
		Again, as at Salerno, the anchorages and beachheads were within range of German 88s in the nearby heights, and air raids were a constant hazard.
	www.armed-guard.com /ag81.html (6320 words)

	Joining The War At Sea 1939-1945 - Chapter Nine
		That landing in Italy, the trek up the mountain, and much of the two weeks of furious activity remain indistinct blurs of excitement, terror and confusion, punctuated by a few vignettes clear and bright as yesterday's.
		Despite their preoccupation with the intense fighting at Salerno, the Allies had resources otherwise unengaged which could have made those evacuations more costly for Kesselring, who was the beneficiary of the result.
		The cruiser concept practiced at Salerno was based on safely conducting assault forces, many in transports, to the beaches and then assigning the cruisers in teams with screening destroyers to help landed troops hold the beachhead and expand.
	www.destroyers.org /bensonlivermore/seawar9.html (14680 words)

	LST of the United States
		During the terrific storm that lashed the Allied beachhead several weeks after the initial landing this vessel was underway from the beachhead area to England, and made the trip intact despite the fact that many LSTs were opening seams in their main deck during the trip.
		The tank landing ship was struck from the Navy list on 1 September 1960 and sold to the Mechanical Equipment Co., New Orleans, La., on 8 March 1961 and subsequently scrapped.
		Sicilian occupation-July 1943 Salerno landings-September 1943 Invasion of Normandy-June 1944 LST-369 was transferred to the United Kingdom on 29 November 1944 and returned to United States Navy custody on 29 November 1946.
	www.multied.com /NAVY/patrol/19.html (9466 words)

	World War 2 - 1943, Sicily, Salerno, Italy, Scharnhorst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		On the 21st, US Marines land at the southern end of the main island of New Georgia and on the 30th Army troops on the nearby island of Rendova.
		In addition to the grand total of 586 Allied naval units directly engaged in the landings, most of which are in their respective British or American sectors, Adm Cunningham as C-in-C provides a strong Royal Navy cover force and carrier support group.
		Most of the troops are carried to Salerno via Sicily in the landing ships and craft, and, early on the 9th, without any preliminary air or naval bombardment, landed in the face of strong German resistance.
	www.naval-history.net /WW2194306.htm (4726 words)

	504th PIR 82nd Airborne, World War II Historical Reenactment Society, Chicago, IL - "Devils in Baggy Pants"
		At 0330 on 9 September 1943 the amphibious landings at Salerno began.
		On the night of 13 September, 1300 504'rs took off and parachuted on to a dropzone that was a mere 1200 yards long and 800 yards wide south of the Sele River near Salerno.
		The days that followed were, in the words of General Mark Clark, Commander of the 5th Army, "responsible for saving the Salerno beachhead." As the 504th (minus 3rd Battalion) took the high ground at Altavilla, the enemy counterattacked and the Commander of 6th Corps, General Dawley, suggested the unit withdraw.
	www.504pir.org /504-history.asp (1447 words)

	BHC1566 : Capital Ships Bombard Salerno
		He was under the impression that he had been commissioned by the War Artists' Advisory Committee to paint a work showing the Allied bombardment of the Salerno landings and as the only two British capital ships at Salerno were HMS 'Valiant' and 'Warspite', these are thought to be the real subjects of the painting.
		Their bombardment was a major factor in the Allied landings' success and thus an appropriate subject for a commission.
		Although it cannot be considered an accurate representation or record, it was intended by the artist to be an atmospheric response to ships bombarding a shoreline in the Mediterranean.
	www.nmm.ac.uk /mag/pages/mnuExplore/PaintingDetail.cfm?letter=C&ID=BHC1566 (382 words)

	[No title]
		Clark's Fifth Army was to expand northward from the Salerno beachhead to occupy the vital port of Naples.
		As was true in the Sicilian operation, all medical units to be employed in the Salerno landings were given rigorous training in amphibious warfare, along with the combat elements they were to serve.
		In the landing phase, these teams were attached to the clearing stations, shifting to the evacuation hospitals as they were established.
	history.amedd.army.mil /booksdocs/wwii/MedSvcsinMedtrnMnrThrtrs/chapter6.htm (17410 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This is for players who want all the various aspects of a battle, and are willing to put up with the time and effort required to keep track of them.
		The Salerno area includes some air bases, which the Allies have the option of repairing to support fighters.
		The Allies must undergo artillery fire when they first land, and there are some green units who may have problems on their first turn of combat.
	grognard.com /reviews/avalanc1.txt (826 words)

	USN Ships--USS LST-1 (1942-1947)
		Assigned to the European Theater for combat operations, LST-1 participated in the Sicily invasion in July 1943, the Salerno landings in September, the Anzio-Nettuno operation during January-March 1944, the Normandy invasion in June 1944, and subsequent operations along the western European coast.
		Landing U.S. Army trucks and field guns on an Italian beach, via a causeway.
		This view may have been taken during the Salerno landings, circa September 1943.
	www.history.navy.mil /photos/sh-usn/usnsh-l/lst1.htm (542 words)

	Articles - Royal Marines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As their uniforms were the blue of the Royal Regiment of Artillery this group was nicknamed the "Blue Marines" and the infantry element, who wore the scarlet uniforms of the British infantry, became known as the "Red Marines", often given the derogatory nickname "Lobsters" by ordinary sailors.
		2 Commando Brigade was involved in the Salerno landings, Anzio, Comacchio, and operations in the Argenta Gap.
		The troops were landed at San Carlos Water at the western end of East Falkland, and proceeded to "yomp" across the entire island to the capital, Stanley, which fell on 14 June 1982.
	www.1-ace.com /articles/Royal_Marines (3968 words)

	Dad_HP9
		Involved in military campaigns in Europe, including amphibious landings at Sicily, Salerno, D-Day and the Dutch island of Walcheren, to open the Port of Antwerp.
		In July 1943, as a rifleman in the Commando, took part in 'spearheading' the landing on Sicily of the Canadian First Division, part of Montgomery's Eighth Army.
		A personal perspective of experiences with 41 Royal Marines Commando during the invasion of Sicily and the Salerno landings.
	website.lineone.net /~ray.mitchell (605 words)

	[No title]
		This pair's external appearance was made very distinctive by having the armour belt sloping down to the bulge for 3/4 of the hull length.
		Some time later she drifted with a light breeze offshore into an unmarked and unswept minefield onto a 500 lb contact mine causing serious damage along a 100' section of her bulge and unseating the 15" director.
		The Allied landings at Salerno were the first combined operations in Europe in WW2 where heavy naval bombardment had played a crucial role.
	www.steelnavy.com /CombrigAbercrombieJB.htm (1567 words)

	war and social upheaval: World War II campaigns -- Italy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The United States was preparind to land the 82nd Airborn in Rome to protect the Italian Government from the Germans.
		Units of the British 8th Army was the first to go ashore, landing at the toe of the Italian boot.
		The landing surprised the Germans and the Americans pushed toward Rome.
	histclo.hispeed.com /essay/war/ww2/camp/eur/w2we-italy.html (3057 words)

	From Dictionary of American Fighting Ships (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		During 9 September-11 October 1943 Biscayne took part in the landings at Salerno, Italy, as flagship for Admiral Connolly and Vice Admiral H. Hewitt.
		While off Salerno, she escaped unscathed from frequent air and gunfire attacks.
		She took part in the invasion of Iwo Jima (19 February 4 March 1945) as flagship of the transport screen.
	www.hazegray.org /danfs/auxil/avp11.htm (556 words)

	The National D-Day Museum, New Orleans - Exhibits (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As soldiers of the 36th Infantry division, Raymond and Irvin Wells fought side by side from the landings at Salerno to the Battle of Monte Cassino, where the two brothers lost each other.
		In 1941 he joined General Donovan’s COI, landing in Algiers with Operation Torch in November 1942 as Deputy to the Chief of Psychological Warfare.
		With paramilitary, parachute, and secret radio training, he landed at Salerno in 1943 to infiltrate agents into enemy territory.
	www.ddaymuseum.org /travel/italy_tourleaders.html (1108 words)

	LST-1 to LST-50
		The tank landing ship was assigned to the European theater and participated in the Normandy invasion in June 1944.
		The tank landing ship was initially assigned to the European theater and participated in the Normandy invasion in June 1944 and the invasion of southern France in August and September 1944.
		The tank landing ship was initially assigned to the European theater and participated in the Normandy invasion between 6 and 25 June 1944 and the invasion of southern France between 15 August and 25 September 1944.
	www.hazegray.org /danfs/amphib/lstgrp_1.htm (5346 words)

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