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	SNRG Corporation \| Corpoate Updates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In essence, salt domes are pillars of salt which have risen from the basement in response to sedimentary deposition and difference in the specific gravities of the salt and overlying (surrounding) sediments.
		In general, salt domes are classified as either "shallow" or "deep" (shallow being those that extend within 2500' of the surface) or "piercement" or "non-piercement." Both types have produced prolific quantities of oil.
		As the salt stocks rise and penetrate the surrounding sediments, salt is withdrawn from contiguous areas resulting in depressions termed "rim synclines." If two or more salt domes are in relative proximity to each other, counterporaneous salt withdrawal may result in an interdomal positive structure.
	www.snrg.net /oil_and_gas_division.php (981 words)

	Summary: Domes
		The density of the salt, being less than the density of the overburden, the deposits accumulate into ascending fluid-like plumes of salt and salt/shale mixes that push the overlying rocks into a hill--a salt dome.
		Breached salt domes, or diapirs, are too rugged for traversing, but they are usually small enough to go around, terrain conditions permitting.
		Salt domes are frequently associated with oil fields, as well as sulphur deposits, and are sites for commercial extraction of petroleum, salt, and sulphur.
	www.tec.army.mil /research/products/desert_guide/lsmsheet/lsdomeA.htm (583 words)

	TIMING OF DIAPIR GROWTH AND CAP ROCK FORMATION, DAVIS HILL SALT DOME, COASTAL TEXAS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Davis Hill dome is a relatively large salt stock located in the northeastern part of the Houston salt dome province.
		Passive growth (downbuilding) of the dome ceased during the Early Oligocene (Vicksburg) and was followed by active growth (upbuilding) of the dome.
		The anhydrite zone represents the less soluble components of the salt that accumulated as the halite was dissolved by pore fluids.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2001AM/finalprogram/abstract_24852.htm (519 words)

	SMRI: About Us :: Gulf Coast Salt Domes and Salt Caverns
		Because salt is less dense or "buoyant" compared to the surrounding sediments and because salt can flow at higher temperatures and pressures, these salt domes push their way up through the sediment layers almost to the surface.
		These "piercement" salt domes are made of mostly pure salt "halite" and serve as a valuable resource for several industries.
		Salt saturated brine is produced by solution mining the rock salt from inside these underground salt domes.
	www.solutionmining.org /smri.cfm?a=cms,c,11,1 (628 words)

	BULK-STORE STRUCTURES INC. SAND & SALT DOMES
		Thousands of Bulk-Store domes dotted over the states and provinces of North America are testament to our belief that we are the best there is when it comes to storing sand and salt.
		Our standard domes range in size from 50 to 150 ft. in diameter and our barrel buildings are limited only by the amount of land you have available.
		Wet and caked or lumpy salt is harder to handle with loaders and to move through spreaders.
	www.bulk-store.ca /sand.html (627 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Duke Energy to convert salt dome into natural gas storage facility
		Salt caverns are constructed in naturally occurring salt domes, deep underground.
		These salt caverns serve as ideal storage for natural gas because of their immense size and because the salt acts as a natural sealant, trapping the natural gas inside the cavern.
		The typical salt cavern storage consists of a solution mining plant, which provides fresh water to dissolve cavities within the underlying salt, brine handling and disposal facilities, and the necessary surface facilities to compress natural gas into the cavity and allow it to flow back into a pipeline.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/company/cnn13143.htm (1013 words)

	Fluids in salt
		Several of the attendees indicated that salt mines were the driest of all mines that they knew, and that obviously salt deposits must have been dry for a long time in the past; if not, they would have been dissolved in the intervening hundreds of millions of years.
		The highly regular alternation of inclusion-rich and inclusion-free salt within the Palo Duro crystals suggests a regular alternation of the degree of supersaturation of the liquid, as might be expected to occur diurnally; the inclusion-rich salt probably crystallized during the day, and the clear septa at night, as proposed by Holser (1979).
		Salt from the Palo Duro basin, Texas, has been found to include a manganese oxide phase, whose origin is still in doubt; it may well be a primary precipitate, formed with the salt, that survived through some crystallization.
	www.minsocam.org /msa/collectors_corner/arc/halite.htm (15988 words)

	Solution Mining for Salt
		Once the salt deposit is located, fresh and recycled water is injected through a well (or wells) drilled into an underground salt bed or salt dome, usually between 150 and 1,500 meters (500 to 5000 feet) deep.
		Salt brine is withdrawn from the cavern and transported by pipeline to an onsite evaporating plant to make dry salt, or to a chemical processing plant for chlor-alkali or other chemical production.
		After the end of use for salt or chemical production, solution-mined salt caverns are often used to store natural gas (1 2 3) or other products, including industrial wastes such as oil field wastes (1 2 3), or to store compressed air used to run turbines and generate electricity.
	www.saltinstitute.org /12.html (402 words)

	Salt dome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A salt dome is formed when a thick bed of evaporite minerals (mainly salt, or halite) found at depth intrudes vertically into surrounding rock strata, forming a diapir.
		The salt that forms these deposits was laid down in prehistoric times, mainly in places where inland seas were periodically connected and disconnected from oceans.
		Since the density of salt is generally less than that of surrounding material, it has a tendency to move upward toward the surface, forming large bulbous domes, sheets, pillars and other structures as it rises.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/S/Salt-dome.htm (392 words)

	Salt Storage-- A Premier Use for Monolithic Domes
		This practice was halted when it became clear that if the salt pile got wet, the run-off would make its way into nearby streams, concentrate heavily in a certain area and kill off the vegetation.
		The domes are so strong it would be difficult to damage it with a front-end loader.
		But the life expectancy of a dome is so much longer than that of wood and/or metal building for storage of salt, that it was determined years ago that the best salt storages are Monolithic Domes.
	www.monolithicdome.com /gallery/industrial/salt (506 words)

	WalkerBooks.com - Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Salt has often been considered so valuable that it served as currency, and it is still exchanged as such in places today.
		Demand for salt established the earliest trade routes, across unknown oceans and the remotest of deserts: the city of Jericho was founded almost 10,000 years ago as a salt trading center.
		Salt taxes secured empires across Europe and Asia and have also inspired revolution (Gandhi's salt march in 1930 began the overthrow of British rule in India); indeed, salt has been central to the age-old debate about the rights of government to tax and control economies.
	www.walkerbooks.com /books/catalog.php?key=168 (431 words)

	Origin of a Salt Dome
		Rock salt and salt domes in particular are internationally recognised as suitable host rocks for the final storage of radioactive waste.
		Due to this property, salt rises (since it is lighter than the neighbouring and overlying rock) and thus forms the salt domes which are typical of the Northern German Basin.
		It is thus important to examine all factors which had an influence on the mechanism of salt uplift and on the stability and integrity of the selected salt dome in the past millions of years and which might have an influence on these in the future.
	www.endlagerung.de /generator.aspx/templateId=renderPage/lang=en/id=12482.html (636 words)

	United Salt Corporation : Corporate History
		The Hockley Salt Dome was initially the focus of the oil industry when in 1902 Lee, Napier, and Spears drilled to a depth of 60 feet and found a small quantity of oil.
		The only unanswered question, as with most salt domes, is the depth to the bottom of the salt.The dome has an irregular shape, approximately 2 1/2 miles by 2 miles wide.
		The salt is gathered from the surface of the lake after the sun has evaporated the water from the brine, and the salt is then carefully washed three times before it is produced into a variety of solar salt products.
	www.unitedsalt.com /usc/www.nsf/webpages/corporatehistory?open (579 words)

	The Origin of Shale Diapirs, Salt Dome Initiation, and Sedimentary Volcanism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A salt bed contiguous to the gas-expanded shale joins that shale in diapirism; the expanded shale furnishes the initiation for both - and the consistency of salt at depth is similar to that of an expanded shale.
		The low density of salt, however, has greater persistence than that of expanded shale; therefore, it passes through the shale that was responsible for diapir initiation.
		When salt is not involved in the process, the shale diapir continues in upward motion until it creates its own channels for gas escape by disruption of overburden.
	aapg.confex.com /aapg/da2004/techprogram/A85341.htm (299 words)

	Arches National Park
		When geologists first suggested that Upheaval Dome was the result of a salt dome, they believed the landform resulted from erosion of the rock layers above the dome itself.
		Recent research suggests that a salt bubble as well as the overlying rock have been entirely removed by erosion and the present surface of Upheaval Dome is the pinched off stem below the missing bubble.
		Rock layers now at the surface within the dome were once buried at least a mile undergound and are not visible anywhere else in the nearby area.
	www.travelwest.net /park/arches/geo-upheaval-dome.html (519 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online: OIL EXPLORATION
		The torsion balance was one of the earliest geophysical instruments used in the exploration for salt domes along the Texas Gulf Coast.
		The first salt dome and oil-bearing structure that was discovered by any geophysical means was the Nash dome in Brazoria County in the spring of 1924, located with the use of the torsion balance.
		Variations in time were used to confirm the existence of salt domes that transmitted the elastic earth waves at higher rates of speed.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/OO/doo15.html (2132 words)

	Domes and Basins -- The Slackpacker's Geology Primer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Dome structures are found where forces deep under the crust have thrust a portion of the earth upward.
		The average slackpacker will hike across numerous domes and basins in her life, but will rarely be aware of it.
		Salt domes are believed to be formed when large plugs of salt, some five miles deep in the earth, are forced up, pushing up layers as they go up.
	www.slackpacker.com /domesandbasins.html (906 words)

	Cash donor cleans up with state contract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The company was also paid $3,900 to clean an Illinois Department of Transportation salt dome at Lincoln, on the agency's maintenance yard south of the Logan County Fairgrounds.
		And he said IDOT was moving road salt out of storage domes and cleaning them to cut deterioration and extend the domes' lives, although the agency could provide no examples of domes that had failed.
		Although IDOT now says washing salt domes will protect steel parts from rust, Rippel said only two domes were replaced during his tenure and that was because they were too small, not deteriorated.
	www.lincolncourier.com /news/05/06/27/b.asp (1008 words)

	The Salt Palace (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Salt manufacturers by the use of iron kettles was then carried on by Hamm and in December, 1857, Hamm bought all of Jordan and McGee's interests.
		The output of salt during this period was very small due to the crude methods of manufacture and poor transportation facilities, all salt being hauled by wagon or cart to towns further East.
		He made some improvements in the salt works by digging shallow wells and installing a pump operated by oxen and a treadmill, Gum logs, hollowed out and joined together formed a pipe line from the pump to the kettles.
	www.saltpalace.org /history.htm (1220 words)

	DOME CORPORATION of NORTH AMERICA - SAND & SALT DOMES
		DOMAR Dome an ideal storage facility for the sand/salt mixture used in the de-icing of roads during North American winters.
		Our patented DOMAR Dome design has been tried and tested in some of the harshest weather conditions North America has to offer and has remained the front runner in the sand/salt storage industry.
		DOMAR Domes dotted over the states and provinces of North America are testament to our belief that we are the best there is when it comes to storing sand and salt.
	www.dome-corp-na.com /sand.html (615 words)

	NATURAL RESOURCES CODE - CHAPTER 211 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		(4) "Salt dome storage facility" includes any new or existing salt formation or bedded salt formation storage cavern and any equipment, facility, or building used or intended for use in the storage of a hazardous liquid in the salt formation cavern.
		The commission has jurisdiction over all salt dome storage of hazardous liquids and over salt dome storage facilities used for the storage of hazardous liquids.
		The operator of a hazardous liquid salt dome storage facility shall report or make available for inspection the results of any commission-required test of a safety device installed at the facility to the commission within 10 days after the day of the test.
	www.capitol.state.tx.us /statutes/docs/NR/content/htm/nr.011.00.000211.00.htm (1324 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online: BOLING DOME
		Boling Dome, an underground rock structure that contains petroleum, sulfur, and salt, is on the western bank of the San Bernard River almost entirely in Wharton County (at 29°18' N, 95°56'W).
		Salt domes in Texas have been of particular geologic significance because of their mineral production.
		Several other sinkholes have occurred over the Boling Dome, a condition that is becoming common at other salt dome sites where sulfur and oil are produced.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/BB/gzb1.html (611 words)

	SaltDomeMdls 06:2000 Explorer
		The entity that perhaps is most synonymous with salt cavern hydrocarbon storage is the federal government's Department of Energy (DOE), which operates the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) sites where liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons are stored in underground caverns in salt domes.
		To build a model of the salt body, the company used high resolution 2-D data to image the caprock, and subsurface data from 90-plus wells were used to determine the location of the salt and the caprock.
		In the iterative exercises, the salt model was changed principally down along the sides of the salt wall and by bringing the base of the salt upward.
	www.aapg.org /explorer/2000/06jun/saltdome_models.cfm (1311 words)

	Geology Info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Salt Dome Theory: A thick layer of salt, formed by the evaporation of ancient landlocked seas, underlies much of southeastern Utah and Canyonlands National Park.
		Over millions of years, the salt bed was covered with the residue of floods and winds and the oceans returned and evaporated again and again.
		Salt under pressure is unstable, and the salt bed below Arches began to flow under the weight of the overlying sandstone.
	www.4corners.net /ccyc/text2.html (1064 words)

	Recipes : Recipes from Food Network : Food Network
		Pour 1 box of salt into a large bowl, add egg whites and water, then the second box of salt.
		Lay the fish on this bed and pile the remainder of the salt mortar on top.
		Open the fish at the table by hitting the dome several times with a small hammer and lifting off the slabs of salt.
	www.foodnetwork.com /food/recipes/recipe/0,1977,FOOD_9936_159,00.html (307 words)

	Southern African Large Telescope (SALT)
		The Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) is a truly multinational project that will shed light upon some of the oldest questions astronomers have asked about the age and scale of the universe, and will be able to see objects a billion times too faint to be seen by the naked eye.
		The SALT project is managed by a team based at the SALT Headquarters at Sutherland and South African Astronomical Observatory in Cape Town.
		SALT is a fixed altitude telescope and can access 70% of the sky observable from Sutherland during specific windows of opportunity.
	www.arm.ac.uk /SALT (877 words)

	DUKE ENERGY PLANS TO DEVELOP MISSISSIPPI SALT DOME FOR NATURAL GAS STORAGE
		Through that acquisition, DEGT became the largest owner of salt cavern storage facilities in the United States currently having a total storage capacity of 24 Bcf at caverns in Texas and Louisiana.
		The first salt cavern used for natural gas storage was constructed in 1970 at Eminence, Miss.
		In fact, the first salt cavern used for natural gas storage was constructed in 1970 at Eminence, Miss.
	www.duke-energy.com /news/releases/2001/Jun/2001062501.html (977 words)

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