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	Sam Zemurray Summary
		Samuel Zemurray was born in Kishinev, Bessarabia, Russia, on January 18, 1877, to poor Jewish parents, David and Sarah (Blausman) Zmuri.
		Zemurray was still influential within UFCO during the company's involvement with the CIA-backed 1954 overthrow of the Guatemalan government.
		His daughter, Doris Zemurray Stone, an archaeologist and ethnographer, served as the director of the National Museum of Costa Rica and endowed numerous professorial chairs in U.S. universities.
	www.bookrags.com /Sam_Zemurray (1485 words)

	Sam Dreben: Fighting Jew - Forgotten Hero
		Sam was still trying to slam another cartridge into the breech, when a passing trooper put a round into the juramentado's head, dropping him in his tracks.
		Sam, now retired from the Army ten years, was torn between his country's needs and obligations to a wife and expected child.
		Sam, cocksure of himself, already had enlisted another Texan, San Antonio detective J. Kelly, who had fought alongside Sam a couple of Mexican revolutions ago, to act as the American doctor and had gotten a real M.D., Dr. R.H. Ellis, an El Paso physician, to agree to be a technical advisor.
	www.worldwar1.com /dbc/dreben.htm (6679 words)

	Sam Zemurray - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		His early wealth was largely due to a very successful venture in New Orleans, Louisiana, where he bought the bananas that had ripened in the transport ships and then sold them locally.
		United States Secretary of State Philander C. Knox was involved in the negotiations, which would have agents of bankers J.P. Morgan and Company sitting in the countries' customs offices to collect the taxes needed to repay the debt.
		Zemurray and his family made generous donations to Tulane University, Zamorano, and to other philantropic ventures.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sam_Zemurray (493 words)

	United Fruit Obeys - TIME
		Samuel Zemurray, Polish-Jewish immigrant who out of his savings as a fruit jobber in New Orleans had formed Cuyamel Fruit and Steamship Co., was trying to wrest control of the Caribbean Sea from United.
		Sam Zemurray did not care where his men came from and he preferred them tough.
		Zemurray owned: the rest he controlled (his wife is daughter of his original partner, Jacob Weinberger).
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,744983,00.html (597 words)

	Alterdestiny: Tuesday Forgotten American Blogging: Sam Zemurray
		Zemurray worked closely with the powerful businessman John Foster Dulles, later Secretary of State under Dwight Eisenhower, to gain ever more lucrative contracts and create ties to the US government in case things went sour in Central America.
		Of course, Zemurray's associate John Foster Dulles, as well as Dulles' brother Allen, director of the CIA, were behind this move.
		Zemurray's close ties to the US government, as well as his decades-long manipulation of Central American nations to promote his own wealth, led to the destruction of the democratic experiment in Guatemala and the onset of a 35 year civil war that resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people.
	alterdestiny.blogspot.com /2006/12/tuesday-forgotten-american-blogging.html (1019 words)

	Boldtype \| Monthly Reviews of Books Worth Reading
		What is most galling, perhaps, is the role corporations have played in determining the future of nations and the misery of their citizens.
		Sam "the Banana Man" is just one in a colorful cast of ruthless men, noble leaders, thugs, demagogues, and mercenaries who populate the book.
		And as infuriating as the history is, Overthrow makes for a good read: empires are built on spectacle as much as on blood, on the image of American gunboats looming off the coast of Cuba or on a president's triumphant stroll down the deck of a military carrier.
	boldtype.com /42420 (307 words)

	Brian Behnken
		Sam "the Banana Man" Zemurray formed Cuyamel and began business out of Honduras; Central America would hear his name for years to come.
		Sam Zemurray and the US government, of course, remained the real winners.
		Somehow the reader leaves with the impression that Zemurray only wanted better business ties, Christmas was a hero, and Manuel Bonilla and others like him acted for the greater good of their countries.
	vi.uh.edu /pages/buzzmat/langley.htm (1249 words)

	Tulane University Magazine - News
		She is a current Board of Tulane member and a resident of El Salvador, carrying on her family's tradition of connection to the university and the Latin American region.
		Doris Zemurray Stone, herself an intrepid Latin American scholar, is probably most well-known among previous generations of Tulane students for Old Doris and New Doris, residence halls now torn down in order to build new living facilities for students that include more space for programming activities and up-to-date rooms.
		Zemurray Hall, named for Doris Zemurray Stone's brother, Sam Zemurray Jr., who died in World War II, also was demolished to make way for modernized student residential options.
	www2.tulane.edu /article_news_details.cfm?ArticleID=7199 (616 words)

	LOUISIANA AIR NATIONAL GUARD
		During the period 6 Feb. to 17 July, the Squadron performed further training in P-43 and A-20 type aircraft, including three months of duty at Lawson Field, Fort Benning, Ga. On 7 July 1942, major personnel changes occurred in the squadron.
		Sam Zemurray, 1st Lt. John Marcellus, S/S Thomas Oechsle, and S/S Clarence Faller were killed when their aircraft struck a lofty, fog enshrouded peak.
		For the remainder of 1943, the 122nd Squadron continued moving to various bases in North Africa and Italy, carrying out assignments as both a fighter (P-38s) and bomber unit.
	www.122nd.com /History/history.htm (1583 words)

	Tommy Corcoran
		Sam Rayburn made sure that no committee held a hearing on this issue.
		In 1949 Sam Zemurray asked Corcoran to join the United Fruit Company as a lobbyist and special counsel.
		Zemurray became concerned that Captain Jacobo Arbenz, one of the heroes of the 1944 revolution, would be elected as the new president of Guatemala.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /JFKcorcoran.htm (5529 words)

	FT.com / Arts & weekend / Books - Rotten fruit
		Efforts by Zemurray and United Fruit to set up production in Honduras had been blocked by the Honduran government, which was fearful of the power it might wield.
		Zemurray financed an invasion, led by such enterprising types as ”General” (self-appointed) Lee Christmas and freelance trouble-shooter Guy ”Machine Gun” Molony.
		And in the 1930s, Sam Zemurray donated part of his fortune to a children’s clinic in New Orleans.
	www.ft.com /cms/s/778739c4-f869-11db-a940-000b5df10621.html (2393 words)

	New Orleans: Gateway to the Americas--Cuyamel Fruit, 1917
		Founded in 1902, purchased by Samuel Zemurray in 1910, Cuyamel fought United Fruit for its corner of the market until 1929, when the two firms finally merged--and Sam Zemurray came out on top as United's largest stockholder and eventually its president.
		By 1947, United Fruit's net worth was in excess of $250 million, and the company controlled nearly a half-mile of dock space in the Port of New Orleans for loading and unloading of its passengers, bananas and general freight.
		Moreover, acting as a goodwill agent, it has brought about a better understanding between North Americans and Latin Americans, who, speaking a different language and living according to different customs, were strangers in business and in their social life, although they did not live far apart.
	nutrias.org /~nopl/exhibits/gateway/cuyamel.htm (215 words)

	Food Resource [http://food.oregonstate.edu/], Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
		It was first known as the Di Giorgio Importing and Steamship Co. The firm grew and in 1913 the Atlantic Fruit Co. was formed to take over the business.
		In 1910 Sam Zemurray, an emigrant from Bessarabia, formed the Cuyamel Fruit Co., and it grew and became an important competitor of United Fruit.
		Zemurray experimented with irrigation and greatly improved yield and quality of the crop.
	food.oregonstate.edu /faq/uffva/banana3.html (2574 words)

	Honduras Facts and Figures, Honduras History, Political, Banking, Education, Lifestyle
		In 1899 the first banana concession was granted to the Vacarro brothers; their company would later become Standard Fruit.
		In 1907 Sam Zemurray set up the Cuyamel Fruit Company; later bought by United Fruit.
		The unequal relationship that would exist between the companies and the Honduran state for the first half of the 20th century gave rise to the description "banana republic." Between 1932 and 1948 Honduras was ruled by a dictator, Tiburcio Carias Andino.
	www.ca-bc.com /zip_internacional/about_honduras.html (2015 words)

	Honduras - Demopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Liberal regime of Miguel Dávila in Honduras has irked the State Department by being too friendly with Zelaya and by getting into debt with Britain.
		He is overthrown by former president Manuel Bonilla, aided by American banana tycoon Sam Zemurray and American mercenary Lee Christmas, who becomes commander-in-chief of the Honduran army.
		U.S., seeking a stable base for its actions in El Salvador and Nicaragua, tells the Honduran military to clean up its act and hold elections.
	demopedia.democraticunderground.com /index.php/Honduran (307 words)

	http
		Sam and his brother, Godfrey Cabot, who graduated from Harvard in 1882, bought a plant in Worthington, Pennsylvania to process coal tar into paints and other products.
		In 1930 United Fruit bought out the competing banana company of Sam Zemurray in New Orleans who had plantations in Honduras and Guatemala--by giving him stock in the new company, making him the largest shareholder.
		In 1936 Zemurray demanded to have a part in the management, and at the same time the company formalized an agreement to operate Keith's railroad system.
	www.newsmakingnews.com /lmharvardpart3.htm (5558 words)

	Amazon.de: The Banana Men: American Mercenaries and Entrepreneurs in Central America, 1880-1930: English Books: Lester ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The lives of Lee Christmas, Samuel Zemurray and others from the period are fascinating.
		Their stories deserved to be told and this book has done a great job of doing so.
		Lee Christmas, Sam Zemurray and all the other characters from the era are rescued from undeserved obscurity.
	www.amazon.de /Banana-Men-Mercenaries-Entrepreneurs-1880-1930/dp/0813118913 (528 words)

	Guatemala January News
		Zemurray believed that nothing mattered except making money.
		As Paul Dosal writes in his excellent book, Doing Business with the Dictators: A Political History of United Fruit in Guatemala, 1899-1944, Zemurray "sponsored rebellions, hired mercenaries, bribed politicians, defied Guatemalan, Honduran, and American laws, and almost single-handedly provoked a war between Honduras and Guatemala." That's a hell of a resume right there!
		In 1911, not pleased with a new US-sponsored Nicaraguan government, Zemurray went to New Orleans where deposed Nicaraguan dictator Manuel Bonilla was living...
	www.aroundantigua.com /news/archive/jan2007.htm (1223 words)

	3 de marzo de 1953 - La United Fruit
		Trono de bananas, corona de bananas, una banana empuñada a modo de cetro: Sam Zemurray, señor de tierras y mares del reino de la banana, no creía que sus vasallos de Guatemala pudieran darle dolores de cabeza:
		Las desdichas de Sam Zemurray empezaron cuando el presidente Juan José Arévalo obligó a la empresa a respetar el sindicato y el derecho a huelga.
		Pero ahora es peor: el nuevo presidente, Jacobo Arbenz, pone en marcha la reforma agraria, arranca a la United Fruit las tierras no cultivadas, empieza a repartirlas entre cien mil familias y actúa como si en Guatemala mandaran los sintierra, los sinletras, los sinpan, los sin.
	www.patriagrande.net /uruguay/eduardo.galeano/memoria.del.fuego/19530303.htm (584 words)

	SSHL: Latin American Election Statistics: Honduras: Elections and events 1902-1947 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anderson 1988: "Zemurray himself [Cuyamel Fruit Company director] overthrew President Miguel Dávila in 1910 and replaced him with the more responsive Manuel Bonilla" (page 128).
		Schulz 1994: "Zemurray sold Cuyamel to the UFCO for three hundred thousand shares of stock, at an estimated value of about US$32 million...The shape of Honduran politics was transformed almost overnight.
		Previously the banana companies had often held each other in check in an uneasy balance of power that was reflected in the conflicts between Congress and the executive.
	dodgson.ucsd.edu /las/honduras/1902-1947.html (4544 words)

	Zembla: congress declares thumb war
		Why should the Iraqi's get any different treatment - indian burns are just a natural progression from the thummie war - its not like were all having fun in Baton Rouge any more.
		Posted by: Sam Zemurray on November 30, 2003 03:38 PM
		I don't know about that baton rouge stuff, sam, but I can tell you one thing: I want to eat pie.
	zembla.cementhorizon.com /archives/001004.html (206 words)

	Communication Technologies
		The foreign policy staff of President Eisenhower had several key members who were or had been legally, financially, or politically involved with United Fruit Company.
		Sam Zemurray, Managing Director of FCO, convinced Eisenhower's administration to stage a CIA-backed coup to overthrow Arbenz.
		With the CIA's backing, an army colonel by the name of Castillo Armas ousted Arbenz and took over the presidency.
	www.worldtrek.org /odyssey/teachers/coupback.html (715 words)

	International Trade Leads, Global Import Export - Fita.org, trade market resources and research
		It has the usual indicia of a scholarly work, but it is well-written and easily comprehended by the general reader.
		Yet it was the ability of Minor Keith, Victor Cutter, and Sam Zemurray to obtain favorable arrangements from the Guatemalan strongmen, particularly Manuel Estrada Cabrera (1898-1920) and Jorge Ubico (1929-44), that allowed United Fruit to forge a unique level of near-total economic control over the entire country and its development.
		Not only did United Fruit develop a monopoly in the production and marketing of Guatemalan bananas, but it also controlled the countrys railroads and primary port.
	fita.org /marketplace/product.php?asin=0842025901 (666 words)

	Amazon.com: "Sam Zemurray": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		See all pages with references to "Sam Zemurray".
		F The Sam Zemurray house at 2 Audubon Place, a private street, on the corner of St....
		In 1929 United Fruit bought out Sam Zemurray's Cuyamel Fruit Company,...
	amazon.com /phrase/Sam-Zemurray (326 words)

	U.S. Empire 101
		Two years later in Honduras, one individual American capitalist, Sam Zemurray, who almost single handedly controlled the Honduran banana trade, organized the overthrow the President Miguel Davila, because Davila was trying to impose higher taxes and limitations on the amount of land foreigners could own.
		While the new pro-American president was being sworn in, U.S. Marines stood guard over the wharf used by American fruit companies.
		The new president even paid Zemurray $500,000 to cover his out of pocket expenses for the “revolution.”
	www.socialistworker.org /2006-2/598/598_09_Overthrow.shtml (1298 words)

	AKC vs Boulton - Banana Republic Kennel Club Part 3 by Louis Fallon, BIS Judge George Boulton on ShowDog Moms and Dads, ...
		In 1910 one of their United Fruit Company field representatives Mr.
		Sam Zemurray hired a gang of armed roughnecks from New Orleans to help stage a political coup in Honduras in order to obtain beneficial treatment from the new government for his own banana trading company.
		The big Banana Republic Kennel Club Board of Directors thought that was a good idea and filed it away into its corporate culture.
	www.thedogpress.com /ClubNews/Fallon/06_AKCvsBoulton3_Banana.06.asp (1425 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz
		In the 1930s Sam Zemurray aligned United Fruit Company closely with the government of President Jorge Ubico.
		This included the 40,000 Guatemalans who worked for the United Fruit Company.
		Sam Zemurray feared that Arevalo would also nationalize the land owned by United Fruit in
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /JFKarbenz.htm (5206 words)

	International Socialist Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Clark Air Base and Subic Bay Naval station had become foundations of American military power in Asia, and the U.S. was willing to do whatever was necessary to hold on to them.
		Two years later in Honduras, the American Sam Zemurray, who almost single-handedly controlled the Honduran banana trade, organized the overthrow of President Miguel Davila, who was trying to impose higher taxes and limits on foreign-owned land.
		While a new pro-American president was being sworn in, U.S. Marines stood guard over the wharf used by American fruit companies.
	www.isreview.org /issues/50/review-overthrow.shtml (1277 words)

	[No title]
		Photo of Sam Zemurray by Elliot Elisofen, Life Magazine, copyright Time, Inc. Historic photos on C18 were taken from The Story of the Banana (United Fruit Co., 1921).
		Due to production limitations, Spanish grammatical markers have not been included in the text.
		Zemurray, Sam "the Banana Man" - architect of the modern banana industry.
	www2.thecia.net /users/rnewman/chiquita (19532 words)

	RevolutionaryLeft.com -> United Fruit Company - the epitome of corrupt capitalism
		Destroyed the Government of Mohammed Mossadegh in Iran because he had nationalized oil, has given the order to destroy Arbenz's Government in Guatemala
		SAM ZEMURRAY: Principal actionist of the United Fruit.
		All of his concerns quickly become official statements of the US and in rifles, machine guns and planes of the CIA
	www.revolutionaryleft.com /index.php?showtopic=1234 (945 words)

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