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Topic: Sample-based synthesis

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Sample-based synthesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The principal difference with sample-based synthesis is that the seed waveforms are sampled sounds or instruments instead of fundamental waveforms such as the saw waves of subtractive synthesis or the sine waves of additive synthesis. When sample-based synthesis was first developed, most affordable consumer synthesizers could not record arbitrary samples, but instead formed timbres by combining pre-recorded samples from ROM before routing the result through analog or digital filters. Sample-based synthesis' principle advantage over other methods of digital synthesis such as physical modelling synthesis or additive synthesis is that processing power requirements are much lower. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sample-based_synthesis   (753 words)

MIDI and Music Synthesis Tutorial Oversampling of the sound samples may also be used to improve distortion in wavetable synthesis systems. The sample data is decompressed during playback to restore the dynamic range of the signal. The length of the initial sound segment is fixed by the number of samples in the segment, and the length of the attack and decay sections of the envelope are generally also fixed for a given instrument sound. www.midi.org /about-midi/tutorial/tutor.shtml   (10028 words)

Chiptune - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia As newer computers stopped using dedicated synthesis chips and began to primarily use sample-based synthesis, more realistic timbres could be recreated, but often at the expense of file size (as with MODs) and potentially without the personality imbued by the limitations of the older sound chips. Chiptune or chip music is music written in sound formats where all the sounds are synthesized in realtime by a computer or video game console sound chip, instead of using sample-based synthesis. These sample-based chiptunes were often used in crack intros, since they had to be squeezed into any spare space available on the disk of the cracked software. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chiptune   (822 words)

Integrating High-Quality Audio into Mobile Design Since sample-based audio synthesis has at its core a wavetable of recorded sounds to drive the oscillators, the size and quality of the wavetable is crucial to the resulting quality of the synthesized sound. The synthesis engine receives control data from the MIDI interpreter and synthesizes the audio based on the supplied parameters ("program") and, in the case of a sampling synthesizer, the sample data. While sample data is not very susceptible to cache pollution, it does contribute to it, as sample data is typically used once or twice in a loop and then it may be many more iterations before it is used again. www.commsdesign.com /printableArticle?articleID=159904479   (3032 words)

Sample Then, for the synthesis the desired samples are recalled from the library based on the state of the talking-head. Key to a sample-based synthesis approach is a reliable recognition of facial parts in images. A synthesis technique based on recorded samples that are selected automatically has been proposed by Bregler et al. www.research.att.com:9000 /projects/AnimatedHead/eric2.htm   (5385 words)

[music-dsp] 80's, analog or not So they came up with another idea (giving said Mirage some sample rom, adding 4 bits I think and a really nice user interface, calling it ESQ-1), the marriage of sample based synthesis and cheap price, still named "digital synthesizer". In 1984, another album, this time by said and nowadays often behated Jarre, "Zoolook" marked the first sample based album where no tape was used to glue the stuff. They used an analog sampling technology called "tape" in a way that they glued small pieces of said material together to build an outstanding, yet organic composition. shoko.calarts.edu /pipermail/music-dsp/2003-May/023567.html   (528 words)

NetSound ICMC96 Paper The resulting audio sample data is not stored or transmitted, only the descriptions and the necessary sampled sounds or synthesis data are stored and transmitted by the network server. The synthesis template library includes a version of FM synthesis, granular synthesis for sound textures, fof synthesis for voice, karplus-strong/waveguide synthesis for physical modeling, and additive synthesis or phase-vocoder for detailed control over sound resynthesis. However, when processor cycles are likely to be available, other synthesis techniques, such as additive synthesis, or phase-vocoder synthesis may be incorporated to reduce network bandwidth requirements at the expense of increased central processor load. alumni.media.mit.edu /~mkc/icmc96/icmc96.html   (1415 words)

CS4117: Synthesis Overview Sampling doesn't have many perceptually significant parameters, when thought of as a synthesis method and it also has a tendency to distort sounds in a non-natural way when significant pitch shifts are used. They are based on an abstraction of sound transmission in instrument bodies and cavities as linear transmission of waves in a one-dimensional tube. Granular synthesis has its roots in the area of quantum physics and wavelet analysis. www.csis.ul.ie /ccmcm/cs4117/synth0.htm   (10093 words)

DADEV : Digital Audio Development : /synthesiser faq Also known by many other names (AI2 synthesis, etc.), the idea behind this type of synthesis is to take a sample of some kind (whether it be of a synthesizer, acoustic instrument, etc.), and play that sample back as the oscillator (instead of an electrically generated wave). The basic sample loop simply loops the sample from a previous point in the sample when the sample reaches a designated end point; this is called a forward loop or a sustain loop. The higher the sample rate, the higher quality the sample will be, with less of a phenomenon known as aliasing (a situation where unwanted frequencies appear in the sample, due to the lack of information present in the sampled data). www.dadev.com /synthesiser_faq.asp   (11401 words)

Triphone Based Unit Selection For Concatenative (ResearchIndex) Visual Speech Synthesis Fu Jie Huang, Eric Cosatto and Hans Peter Graf Att... In this paper, we propose a rapid unit selection approach based on triphone units.... Abstract: Concatenative visual speech synthesis selects frames from a large recorded video database of mouth shapes to generate photo-realistic talking head sequences. citeseer.ist.psu.edu /573410.html   (351 words)

IASIG - Industry Corner: Engine Round Up The Staccato audio rendering engine, "SynthCore" also allows for other forms of synthesis such as wavetable/sample-based synthesis as well. Features: Staccato provides tools that empower sound designers to develop audio synthesis and processing algorithms, a flexible host-based synthesis engine to run them, and content that shows the power and flexibility of the audio rendering engine. based proprietary tool used at EA Canada and EA Seattle to set up a tree to reflect how the different sections of the music were related, and to set up a "path" for the music to follow based on input from the game. www.iasig.org /pubs/industry/engines.shtml   (957 words)

Silence.doc The code runs more slowly }{\f0\insrsid7214392 because}{\f0\insrsid16187607 (a) more function calls are executed for each sample frame, and (b) as a result of moving from function to function more often, more memory must be moved }{\f0\insrsid5072037 in}{\f0\insrsid16187607 and out of the }{\f0\insrsid5072037 processor\rquote s }{\f0\insrsid16187607 cache. The inputs are (a) properties of the node, }{\f0\insrsid5074472 (}{\f0\insrsid8010403 b) local trans}{\f0\insrsid5074472 formations of coordinate system, and (c) the score that collects all the performance events generated by each node.}{\f0\insrsid8010403 \par The outputs of a unit generator are digital audio sample frames. This causes the unit to read its i n put sample frame, compute a result, and add it back into the input sample frame. www.csounds.com /gogins/silence/Silence.doc   (4932 words)

Dannenberg, Roger, rbd@cs The purpose of a table lookup oscillator is to output samples of a periodic function (call this F for now, and assume that the domain of F is the interval [0, 1)). Table lookup is used to generate sinusoids for additive synthesis, and fixed spectra for group additive, spectral interpolation, and vector synthesis. In theory, any sampled signal can be recovered with arbitrarily low error provided that the signal’s sample rate is higher than twice its highest frequency component. www.cs.cmu.edu /~rbd/papers/tlu98/tlu.html   (1648 words)

NAMM 2002 Steinberg released a sampled piano VST instrument developed by Wizoo called The Grand which uses this type of technology. One of the headaches in developing sample libraries is that a manufacturer needs to support many of the major hardware platforms to be viable. The Yamaha Motif focuses on sampling and looped based production tools while the new Roland Fantom incorporates a host of pattern and loop-based sequencing tools which expand on some of the functions found in the Korg Triton. people.berklee.edu /~mbierylo/namm2002.html   (3258 words)

wavetable synthesis Sample-based synthesis is often called wavetable synthesis because of the way samples are stored and retrieved. If you're aiming to re-create the sound of an existing instrument or other sound using a sythesizer, the easiest way is to make a digital sample and then modify it to change the pitch. If you're buying a sound board or a sound-enabled system, make sure it has this type of synthesizer: it sounds better than the alternative, FM synthesis. www.geocities.com /basicsofcomputing/w/wavetable_synthesis.htm   (76 words)

Reviews - Kawai K5000W If you think of subtractive synthesis as sculpturing (removing the unwanted bits to leave the required shape) and sample-based synthesis as photography (capturing exactly what isin front of the camera) then additive synthesis is more like oilpainting, building up the layers of paint until you have the aquired effect. Bank B consists of PCM based samples, while the GM bank has the well known scala of GM sounds. PCM Samples can be added into additive synthesis for the first time www.synthman.com /revk5kw.htm   (817 words)

Bibliography for E. Cosatto (eric) Cosatto, E. and Graf, H. ``Sample-based synthesis of photo-realistic talking heads,'' Computer Animation 98, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1998, pp. Cosatto, E. and Graf, H. ``Audio-visual unit selection for the synthesis of photo-realistic talking-heads,'' ICME 2000, New York, NY, 2000. Graf, H. Cosatto, E. and Ezzat, T., ``Face analysis for the synthesis of photo-realistic talking heads,'' Fourth IEEE Int. www.research.att.com /resources/biblios/eric.html   (457 words)

Electronic Musician: What's New The latest software instrument from Steinberg is Xphraze (Mac/Win, $249.99), a VST plug-in that combines sample-based synthesis with polyphonic phase generation. Select a sample, adjust its parameters, and play a note or chord to trigger a rhythmic phrase that automatically matches your song's tempo. Vector synthesis routes the mix to any of four stereo outputs using any assignable modulation source. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FGL/is_9_19/ai_106023391   (1398 words)

Alesis Fusion 8HD Workstation Synthesizer Keyboard - Bananas.com This radically different and sonically diverse form of synthesis was introduced in the 70’s and has made a major impact on musicians and producers alike. While FM synthesis might be a little more complex to understand than other synthesis types, it can produce very unique timbres that just can’t be created using any other methods. Imagine your custom samples, mixed with real world instruments, layered with FM percussive textures, modeled wind instruments and a thick stew of analog filters all in one workstation. www.bananas.com /productdetail.asp?pid=8231   (2158 words)

Re: Sick of sample-based "synthesis"! And not a single sample anywhere in it (except, I guess, a sine wave). With a better manual and more sample patches they really are something else. I don't understand why Yammy don't bring them back now that FM is back in vogue. www.usenet.com /newsgroups/comp.dsp/msg02409.html   (374 words)

Apple - Hot News - Winter NAMM 2002 SampleTank, the first native sample-based sound module available as a Pro Tools plug-in, offers an extremely powerful sample based synthesis engine that is comparable to those found in the most sophisticated sampling workstations, yet without the limitations of hardware. T-Racks is constructed based on models of tube circuitry with five discrete processors, including a state-of-the-art six-band parametric EQ, a classic stereo tube compressor, a multi-band master stereo limiter, a soft-clipping stage, a complete mastering suite made of EQ, compressor, limiter and a soft clipping stage. SampleTank, which handles AKAI sample conversion or other samples, comes stocked with 2.5GB of samples. www.apple.com /hotnews/articles/2002/01/namm02   (1171 words)

Swedish HMM-based Speech Synthesis (SHTS) Swedish HMM-based Speech Synthesis (SHTS) using HTS and Festival. Keywords: CTT, Centre of Speech Technology, HTS, HMM-based speech synthesis, Nagoya institute of Technology, Department of speech, music and hearing at KTH. The sample rate is 16 kHz, and a set of 24 Mel-Cepstrum parameters were used. www.speech.kth.se /~anderslu   (442 words)

Keith Price Bibliography Talking Heads, Speech Driven Face Animation Shan, S. Individual 3d Face Synthesis Based on Orthogonal Photos and Speech-driven Facial Animation, Modeling and Synthesis of Facial Motion Driven by Speech, Face Analysis for the Synthesis of Photo-Realistic Talking Heads, iris.usc.edu /Vision-Notes/bibliography/describe496.html   (279 words)

Sample-based synthesis - The principal difference with sample-based synthesis is that the seed waveforms are sampled sounds or instruments instead of fundamental waveforms such as the saw waves of subtractive synthesis or the sine waves of additive synthesis. Sample-based synthesis' principle advantage over other methods of digital synthesis such as physical modelling synthesis or additive synthesis is that processing power requirements are much lower. When sample-based synthesis was first developed, most affordable consumer synthesizers could not record arbitrary samples, but instead formed timbres by combining pre-recorded samples from ROM before routing the result through analog or digital filters. www.grohol.com /psypsych/Sample-based_synthesis   (869 words)

A Tutorial on MIDI and Wavetable Music Synthesis Digital sample-based synthesis systems may employ a variety of special techniques, such as sample looping, pitch shifting, mathematical interpolation, and polyphonic digital filtering, in order to reduce the amount of memory required to store the sound samples (or to get more types of sounds from a given amount of memory). These sample-based synthesis systems are often called "wavetable" synthesizers (the sample memory in these systems contains a large number of sampled sound segments, and can be thought of as a "table" of sound waveforms which may be looked up and utilized when needed). Wavetable Synthesis Techniques Looping and Envelope Generation One of the primary techniques used in wavetable synthesizers to conserve sample memory space is the looping of sampled sound segments. cara.gsu.edu /courses/MIDI/waveart.html   (10588 words)

Wavetable synthesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A common misdefinition of the term "wavetable synthesis" is that of any one of many sample based playback devices in popular soundcards and sampling keyboards. Upon playback, these wavetables are used for sample "lookup" in the same manner as in a Numerically-controlled oscillator (or a Digitally controlled oscillator) but in wavetable synthesis, the output waveform is not normally static and evolves slowly in time as one wavetable is mixed with another, creating a changing waveform. The difference between straight-through sample playback and wavetable synthesis as defined here is that the wave is not kept as a single PCM recording, but as a series of single-cycle waves (or, on later equipment like the Roland D-50, very short PCM samples) that can be played in any order or even omitted. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wavetable_synthesis   (858 words)

Linux Links - The Linux Portal: Software/Multimedia/Sound_Synthesis This sound program, which is organized as a simple command line execution based server, is written in C, and contains a additive synthesis core based on in main memory sound sample memory. Wave field synthesis of new dimensions of electronic music in realtime: WONDER is designed to provide an interface between a wave field synthesis system and the software or hardware composers and performers of electronic music are used to. A sound synthesis system, the main aim of which is to try and stimulate the user's creativity. www.linuxlinks.com /Software/Multimedia/Sound_Synthesis   (1034 words)

Additive Synthesis projects by Matt Wright The last sample of the Nth synthesis frame is the first sample of the N+1st synthesis frame, so by convention my synthesis subroutines write to output[fromSample+1:toSample]. (I round from the full-resoultuion float64 SDIF times to the nearest discrete sample time for the given synthesis sampling rate so that all synthesis frames are an integer number of samples long.) Partial track index (to uniquely identify this sinusoidal track, specifically, an index for accessing this track's entry in the array of the current phase of each partial) Because of Matlab's 1-based array indexing, this is one more than the SDIF partial track index (which may be zero). ccrma.stanford.edu /~matt/additive   (673 words)

NetSound ICMC96 Paper Object-based representations for sound synthesis can be thought of as a series of audio processing building blocks that are threaded into a signal processing network for each class of sound. In terms of processor usage, the most efficient method of audio synthesis is sample playback. The synthesis template library includes a version of FM synthesis, granular synthesis for sound textures, fof synthesis for voice, karplus-strong/waveguide synthesis for physical modeling, and additive synthesis or phase-vocoder for detailed control over sound resynthesis. xenia.media.mit.edu /~mkc/icmc96/icmc96.html   (1415 words)

FUTURE SOUND OF SYNTHESIS? FM synthesis was the success story of the mid-'80s, and synths based on its principles, like Yamaha's DX7, sold by the bucketload -- until affordable sample-based synths arrived at the end of the decade. Put simply, FM synthesis involves the modulation of the frequency of one waveform (the carrier) by another (the modulator). What goes around comes around, however: after all, analogue synthesis has undergone an astonishing renaissance in the '90s, and more recently, retro interest in FM has been bubbling under, with instruments such as the DX100 and TX81Z attaining cultish appeal in techno circles for their FM basses and electric pianos. www.soundonsound.com /sos/dec98/articles/yamfs1r.549.htm   (4440 words)

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