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Topic: Samuil of Bulgaria

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Battle of Kleidion

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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria
		In 986, Samuil drove Basil II's army from the field at Troyanovi Vrata, and the emperor sooned turned to the east for new conquests.
		At the close of the 9th century, Pope Gregory V heralded and blessed Samuil as a king, and the empire of the youngest son of the Komitadji Nikola acquired international recognition and character.
		In addition, Samuil represented a new imperial dynasty, the empire was founded on a new state and legal basis, with new twin capitals at Prespa and Ohrid, and with a precisely defined core centered around Macedonia and the Macedonian Slavs as the fundamental element of the new empire.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Tsar-Samuil-of-Bulgaria (503 words)

	Samuil of Bulgaria Information
		In 986, Samuil drove Basil II's army from the field at Trayanovi Vrata, and the emperor (barely surviving the heavy defeat in Troyanovi Vrata) soon turned to the east for new conquests.
		The multitude of other sources which refer to the empire of Samuil as to Bulgaria and to him as a Bulgarian Tsar are explained in one way or another, depending on the context, predominantly explained as belonging to state, not ethnicity.
		The recognition of Samuil as a Bulgarian Tsar by the Pope is, for example, explained by the practice of the Roman Pope to give a title to the crown which was identified with the territory of an already recognized empire, and Samuil's Empire extended over the territory of the Bulgarian Empire which had collapsed.
	www.bookrags.com /Samuil_of_Bulgaria (1307 words)

	Samuil of Bulgaria
		Although ultimately unsuccessful in saving his country's independence from the incursions of Emperor Basil II of the Byzantine Empire, Samuil resisted him for decades and is the only man to ever defeat Basil II in battle.
		In 986, Samuil drove Basil II's army from the field at Troyanovi Vrata, and the emperor sooned turned to the east for new conquests.
		The sight was too much even for Samuil, who blamed himself for the defeat and died less than three months later, on October 6.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ts/Tsar_Samuil_of_Bulgaria.html (351 words)

	.:: BulgarianLondon.com ::.
		Samuil's horsemen went south all the way to Peloponnese and Corynth, and they unfurled his flag in Larissa, a key fortress for the control over Thessaly.
		In a new drive against Bulgaria, Tsar Roman was again taken captive and later died in prison in Constantinople.
		Samuil moved his capital from Sredets (Sofia) to Voden, to Prespa and finally to Ohrid, in reaction to the developments in the war with Byzantium.
	www.bulgarianlondon.com /en_lon/uk/history/first_bulgarian_kingdom/samuil.php (913 words)

	Macedonia for the Macedonians
		At the close of the 9th century, Pope Gregory V heralded and blessed Samuil as a king, and the empire of the youngest son of the Komitadji Nikola acquired international recognition and character.
		In addition, Samuil represented a new imperial dynasty, the empire was founded on a new state and legal basis, with new twin capitals at Prespa and Ohrid, and with a precisely defined core centered around Macedonia and the Macedonian Slavs as the fundamental element of the new empire.
		In Ohrid Samuil built imperial palaces and a church to be the seat of the Macedonian church.
	www.makedonija.info /samuil.html (1614 words)

	Bulgaria Hotels and Hostels Online - Hotel and Youth Hostel booking in Bulgaria - international hotel reservations with ...
		English family run guesthouse overlooking Albena resort with 3 twin rooms and 1 double each with private balcony and sea/beach views and ensuite bathrooms.
		The unique combination of sea and mountain air is most favourable for people with asthmatic and respiratory conditions.
		Have a woderful vacantion in the heart of Bulgarian Balkan Mountain, Guest House Sisters Trfonovi is waiting you - 150 years old and entirely renovated in the Bulgarian Revival style holiday house, 5 km from the town of Elena, absolutely detached.
	www.instantworldbooking.com /bulgaria.php (862 words)

	Macedonia FAQ: Tsar Samuil
		Heading this conglomeration of people was Tsar Samuil, who was crowned by the Roman Pope, because Samuil was in a constant conflict with the Byzantine Empire, and the crown of the Bulgarian rules was in Constantinople.
		Samuil had a crown, secretaries and bureaucracy; there was an emperor's office issuing documents.
		Following the final subjugation of Samuil's state in 1018, the Byzantine Empire dealt fiercely with the Macedonian population, particularly those living in the towns: they were banished and aliens were brought in their place.
	faq.macedonia.org /history/11.4.html (711 words)

	Samuil Fortress \| bgHotelite - Samuil Fortress
		Samuil’s Fortress is located nearby a mystical village called Klyuch (Key), adjacent to the border with Macedonia.
		In 1014 in the battle at Belasitsa with the Byzantine army, the Bulgarian’s suffered a great defeat after which 14 thousand survivors were blinded and released, leaving on every 100 one man with just one eye to lead them home.
		At the sight of this, the heart of Tzar Samuil stopped from the terror, thus ending both his life and the First Bulgarian Kingdom.
	bghotelite.com /links.php?nm=25&num=5 (119 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Samuil of Bulgaria
		In 986, Samuil drove Basil II's army from the field at the battle of Trayanovi Vrata, and the emperor (barely surviving the heavy defeat in Troyanovi Vrata) soon turned to the east for new conquests.
		After this victory Samuil was able to expand without many obstacles since a civil war erupted in the Byzantine Empire.
		The sight of this atrocious act was too much even for Samuil, who blamed himself for the defeat and died less than three months later, on October 6.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Samuil (534 words)

	Biography of Basil II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Samuil's force was outnumbered numerically, but he was able to avoid fighting a general engagement while harassing Basil's forces as they advanced through Bulgarian territory.
		Samuil hoped to wear down the Byzantine forces and either defeat them, or force Basil to make peace.
		When Samuil met his troops on their return home, he is said to have died of sorrow.
	biography-3.qardinalinfo.com /b/Basil_II.html (1517 words)

	Roman of Bulgaria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Roman (Bulgarian: Роман) was emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria from 977 to 997 (in Byzantine captivity from 991).
		Roman was the second surviving son of Emperor Peter I of Bulgaria by his marriage with Maria (renamed Eirene) Lakapene, the granddaughter of the Byzantine Emperor Romanos I Lakapenos.
		In Bulgaria Roman probably shared his brother's destiny, becoming first a pawn in the hands of Prince Sviatoslav I of Kiev and then in those of the Byzantine Emperor John I Tzimiskes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Roman_I_of_Bulgaria (537 words)

	Basil II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		When all-out war broke out in 1002, Samuil had extended the Bulgarian kingdom from the Danube River in the north all the way into Greece, stopping just north of Athens.
		Finally, in July of 1014, Basil II cornered the Bulgarian army and forced it to fight at the Battle of Kleidion[?], with Samuil several miles away from the battlefield.
		Bulgaria fought on for four more years, but finally submitted in 1018.
	www.wordlookup.net /ba/basil-ii.html (1571 words)

	ROAD SCHOLARS - Features news
		Samuil was born in the southwestern Bulgarian lands (today’s Macedonian territory).
		In a new drive against Bulgaria, the Bulgarian Tsar Roman was taken captive and later died in a prison in Constantinople.
		In Samuil’s kingdom, the Kav-Khan remained the highest dignitary, the tsar’s right-hand man. In the heart of the state — the lands around Sofia and in Macedonia — fortified castles were erected to repel Byzantine attacks.
	www.sofiaecho.com /article/road-scholars/id_2955/catid_29 (1002 words)

	Opinion - Macedonia Steals Tsar Samuil from Bulgaria - Standart (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The ethnic origin of Tsar Samuil and the name of the county that he ruled has never been a subject of discussion among historians.
		The funny thing is that the deadliest blow to the Macedonian thesis about the ethnic origin of Tsar Samuil was delivered by the accidental discovery of a big inscription engraved in a stonewall found in the southwestern Macedonian city of Bitola in 1956.
		Tsar Ivan Vladislav tells about victories and defeats in the war against Byzantium and states that he is Bulgarian, that he is the Tsar of Bulgaria and that he has built the walls of the Bitola fortress to protect Bulgarians.
	standartnews.com /en/article.php?d=2006-08-20&article=253 (460 words)

	Bulgaria: Arbitrary detention and ill-treatment of people with mental disabilities: Appeals cases
		Samuil is a mixed institution, housing both men and women over age 18.
		All social care homes visited by AI in Bulgaria resorted to the use of seclusion methods, usually imposed as punishments, which were cruel, inhuman or degrading.
		One Samuil resident complained that she was raped when living in a children's home before placement at Samuil.
	www.amnestyusa.org /regions/europe/document.do?id=DD5E09AB93BDE17F80256C400024BE76 (5775 words)

	Historical falsifications relating to medival Macedonia - Macedonia Wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It was the decisive defeat of Samuil at Belasitsa which earnt Basil the name 'Boulgaroktonos' or 'Basil the Bulgar Slayer' and ended Samuil's short lived empire.
		Ironically even Samuil, whose very name was synonymous with the word 'Bulgarian', the 'historians' of Yugoslavia and of modern F.Y.R.O.M as well claim that Samuil was a 'Macedonian' king and even claim that the state of Samuil was the first "Macedonian" state.
		Samuel, the son of a Bulgarian provincial governor, became ruler of western Bulgaria in 976.
	www.macedoniaontheweb.com /wiki/index.php?title=Historical_falsifications_relating_to_medival_Macedonia (924 words)

	Agatha of Bulgaria at AllExperts
		Agatha of Bulgaria was the daughter of Gavril Radomir of Bulgaria and HercegnÃµ MagyarorszÃ¡g.
		Gavril Radomir was the son of Samuil, Tsar of Bulgaria and Agatha Khrysilaina.
		Agatha of Bulgaria was born in Hungary after her parents divorced.
	en.allexperts.com /e/a/ag/agatha_of_bulgaria.htm (183 words)

	1014
		July 29 - Battle of Kleidion: Basil II inflicts not only a decisive defeat on the Bulgarian army, but his subsequent savage treatment of 15,000 prisoners reportedly causes Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria to die of shock.
		April 23 - Brian Boru, high king of Ireland during the Battle of Clontarf fought outside Dublin against the rebel Maelmordha of Leinster, who was aided by the Viking Sigtrygg of Dublin.
		October 6 - Samuil of Bulgaria, Tsar of Bulgaria
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/1/10/1014.html (274 words)

	Romania - History - Migration - 10th Century (900-1000 AD)
		Bulgaria was dismembered, part going to Constantinople and part to Hungary.
		Remember, much of southern Romania was controlled by Bulgaria at the time and the mounted Turkic nomads from the east had to pass through parts of Romania on their way to Bulgaria in the south.
		These successes prompted Samuil to have himself crowned tsar in 997, ruling his enormous empire that stretched from the Adriatic to the Black Sea and from the Danube to the Aegean.
	www.romerica.com /rom/hist_ad0900.htm (1658 words)

	B U L G A R I A. Maltrato y detención arbitraria de personas con discapacidad mental
		Los residentes del hogar social de Samuil para adultos con discapacidad mental soportan abusos sistemáticos, falta manifiesta de atención y espantosas condiciones de vida, todo lo cual constituye una violación de las normas internacionales de derechos humanos.
		Samuil es una institución mixta, que acoge a hombres y mujeres mayores de 18 años.
		En Bulgaria, las personas con discapacidad mental sufren discriminación sistemática y falta de respeto a los derechos humanos más fundamentales.
	www.amnestyusa.org /spanish/countries/bulgaria/document.do?id=2A224D107AEA21DEC1256CBC0047617C (6694 words)

	Basil II Biography
		As the second millennium got under way he took on his greatest adversary Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria.
		For him Basil was his leader a lord to be respected and served a "father" of his army.
		The third and last one is a Bulgarian one of Samuil's generals.
	www.ebiog.com /biography/966/basil-ii/bio.htm (1511 words)

	Romania - History - Migration - 11th Century (1000-1100 AD)
		Under these relentless attacks Samuil had lost half of his territories, and on many occasions his troops had proved that they were not equal to the Byzantine's elite forces.
		Finally, in 1014, Tsar Samuil was forced to make a final stand, stationing the main portion of his army in a fortified mountain pass east of Petrich.
		Tsar Samuil, who was devastated by the sight of his abused army, suffered a massive stroke and died.
	www.romerica.com /rom/hist_ad1000.htm (2726 words)

	Samuil Did You Mean samuil?
		In a nutshell, Samuil's short-lived empire is considered to be a continuation of the First Bulgarian Empire of the Tsars Simeon and Peter.
		The multitude of other sources which refer to the empire of Samuil as to Bulgaria and to him as a Bulgarian Tsar are explained in one way or another, depending on the context, predominately explained as belonging to state, not ethnicity.
		The recognition of Samuil as a Bulgarian Tsar by the Pope is, for example, explained by the practice of the Roman Pope to give a title to the crown which was identified with the territory of an already recognized empire, and Samuil's Empire extended over the territory of the Bulgarian Empire which had collapsed.
	www.did-you-mean.com /Samuil.html (1012 words)

	Samuil of Bulgaria: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		Samuil of Bulgaria: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		See also: History of Bulgaria - List of Bulgarian monarch
		Post a link to definition / meaning of " Samuil of Bulgaria " on your site.
	www.encyclopedian.com /sa/Samuil-of-Bulgaria.html (398 words)

	New Page 3
		At the end of the 11th century the Byzantine domains in the Balkans which, for nearly a century, had comprised chiefly Bulgarian lands, became the arena of fierce hostilities.
		Bulgaria, being in the middle of the crossroad or the world, had acted as a buffer since Khan Asparuh's times.
		The Normans were invading from the south and the knights of the First {1096-1097} and then the Second {1146-1147} crusade advanced along the trans- European route with swords drawn and fire blazing.
	www-it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg /courses/rtd/old/bg/prabqlgari/Samuil.htm (1692 words)

	Relatives of D.T. Rogers(b. 1943) - pafg469 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		Princess of the Kumans was born in 932.
		Czar Samuil Kometopulos of Bulgaria [Parents] was born about 958.
		She married Czar Samuil Kometopulos of Bulgaria in 970.
	www.geocities.com /dantrogers/pafg469.htm (214 words)

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