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	Sand Creek Massacre - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Sand Creek Massacre (also known as the Chivington Massacre or the Battle of Sand Creek) was an incident in the Indian Wars of the United States that occurred on November 29, 1864 when Colorado Militia troops in the Colorado Territory attacked a village of Cheyenne and Arapaho encamped on the territory's eastern plains.
		The Sand Creek Massacre is the subject of the 1970 movie Soldier Blue.
		Simon J. Ortiz uses the Sand Creek massacre as inspiration for his 1981 collection of poems From Sand Creek, which focuses on tropes such as memory and story, nature and (dis)connection and the conflicts between the new scientism of the European conquerers and the more spiritualistic pantheism of the Arapaho and the Cheyenne.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sand_Creek_Massacre (1066 words)

	Sand Creek Tours
		Today, Sand Creek is a peaceful quiet place where the meadowlark sing, the prairie dogs scamper playfully, a small herd of deer in the creek bed curiously observe their surroundings, while an eagle soars overhead.
		By the next year what had happened at Sand Creek had been condemned in the East as a massacre, while many in Colorado Territory believed that it was a justifiable battle.
		The Sand Hills camp (the Arapahoe camp with Chief Left Hand) and the military camp we believe to be a short distance downstream of our family ranch (these areas we cannot visit, although the entire area is clearly visible across a barbed wire fence).
	www.sandcreektours.com (1385 words)

	Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site located in Kiowa County, Colorado historical background
		The Sand Creek Massacre was an attack upon a village of Cheyenne Indians by approximately 700 men of the Third and First Colorado Regiments.
		The attack at Sand Creek resulted in the deaths of over 150 Indians, the vast majority being women, children, and infants.
		During the ensuing months, Sand Creek was investigated by a Military Commission; a Joint Committee on the Conduct of War; and a Special Joint Committee investigating the Condition of Indian Tribes.
	www.nps.gov /sand/history.htm (932 words)

	The battle of Sand Creek
		The battle of sand creek came with no warnings or premonitions; the Indians were completely surprised and unprepared.
		The massacre occurred when Colorado Volunteers, under the leadership of Colonel John Chivington, attacked a nonviolent tribe of Cheyenne Indians, led by Black Kettle, on the banks of Sand Creek.
		When the white settlers continued to infiltrate the Sand Creek territory, the Indians became unrelenting in their attacks on the stage coach lines to Denver, as well as other reprehensible acts, all in the name of “self-defense”.
	fl.essortment.com /massacresandcr_rqem.htm (799 words)

	Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site in Kiowa County, Colorado
		Sand Creek National Historic Site Project Director Alexa Roberts (left), of the National Park Service; and Southern Cheyenne Chief Laird Cometsevah (right), addressed a crowd of local citizens regarding development of the Sand Creek Site during a community meeting held in Eads on July 27, 2002.
		The site of the Sand Creek Massacre, located approximately 10 miles east of the town of Eads, and approximately 9 miles north of the town of Chivington, in Kiowa County, Colorado, is still largely private property and is not presently open to the public.
		Although the exact number of Cheyenne and Arapaho killed at Sand Creek is subject to debate, it is generally accepted that over 150 died along the banks of Sand Creek, and that nearly two-thirds of those killed were women and children.
	www.kiowacountycolo.com /sand.htm (587 words)

	Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site (National Park Service)
		Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site is authorized, but will not be established until the NPS acquires enough land to provide for the preservation,commemoration, and interpretation of the Sand Creek Massacre.
		The Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site was authorized by Public Law 106-465 on November 7, 2000.
		The purposes of the Act are to recognize the national significance of the massacre in American history, and its ongoing signficance to the Cheyenne and Arapaho people and descendents of the massacre victims.
	www.nps.gov /sand (292 words)

	PBS - THE WEST - Documents on the Sand Creek Massacre (1864-1865)
		It is unquestioned and undenied that the site of the Sand creek battle was the rendezvous of the thieving and marauding bands of savages who roamed over this country last summer and fall, and it is shrewdly suspected that somebody was all the time making a very good thing out of it.
		In November, 1864, I was colonel of 1st Colorado cavalry, and in command of the district of Colorado.
		They had excavated trenches under the bank of Sand creek, which in the vicinity of the Indian camp is high, and in many places precipitous.
	www.pbs.org /weta/thewest/resources/archives/four/sandcrk.htm (8912 words)

	Sand Creek Massacre
		At Sand Creek, he ignored peace signals, an American flag and a white flag hanging from the lodge of Black Kettle, chief of the Southern Cheyenne.
		Chief Laird Cometsevah, 68, president of the Sand Creek Descendants Association and a leader of the Southern Cheyenne tribe, says the Cheyenne have always known the location from their own oral history, but made no attempt to verify it until the early 1970s.
		Doug Scott, an NPS archaeologist and field director at Sand Creek, said the village was found a mile north of where historical evidence and oral tradition suggested it might be.
	www.archaeology.org /9911/newsbriefs/sand.html (626 words)

	Plains Indians--The Overland Trail Links--Last updated 10/29/01
		Sand Creek Chivington Massacre Colorado Black Kettle with many Cheyenne and a few Arapahos, believing themselves to be protected, established a winter camp about 40 miles from Fort Lyon.
		John M. Chivington: the butcher of Sand Creek Although Chivington was never punished for his role at Sand Creek, he was forced to resign from the Colorado militia, to withdraw from politics, and to stay away from the campaign for statehood.
		The Sand Creek Massacre (with map): The Cheyenne and Arapaho raid which took place on November 29, 1864, and halted travel along the Platte River Valley and caused the temporary abandonment of Julesburg, Colorado.
	www.over-land.com /indians.html (1671 words)

	The Sand Creek Massacre on the Santa Fe Trail National Scenic and Historic Byway Mountain Branch
		The relics might have come from the massacre, but given the popularity of the creek as a campground before and after the attack, the team was reluctant to reach a definitive verdict.
		Although Sand Creek descendants say the search is separate, some wonder if official recognition of the massacre site is a prelude to reparations or a cue to begin negotiations.
		Sand Creek was always there." In June 1978, the Cheyenne tribe's highest spiritual leader, the Arrow Keeper, visited the land and blessed it, declaring it Cheyenne earth.
	www.santafetrailscenicandhistoricbyway.org /scmasacre.html (3828 words)

	The Sand Creek Massacre Pg 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		An armistice existed for a short time, and then came the fearful massacre of Sand Creek, with the details of which almost every one is familiar, where Indian women and children were murdered in cold blood by United States troops and their bodies mutilated in the most horrible manner.
		The Indians, many of whom had been at Sand Creek, could quickly see where this was leading and sent most of the women and children away on ponies.
		Over four thousand Indians were present for the discussions at Medicine Creek Lodge, although the lack of Cheyenne at this gathering disturbed the US commissioners, their main goal was to convince the Dog Soldiers to accept the land south of the Arkansas as a move in the direction of peaceful co-existence.
	www.snowwowl.com /swolfscmassacre1.html (3103 words)

	Sand Creek Massacre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Whether you feel the event that happened at Sand Creek was a battle or a massacre, there is little doubt that the event was a terrible and tragic one.
		When Chivington learned that the Cheyenne village was camped along the Sand Creek in a spot nine miles north of the present-day town of Chivington, Colorado, in Kiowa County, he decided to go end the Indians reign of terror.
		Citizens of Kiowa County must be aware of the issues of the Sand Creek incident as Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbells national bill to create a national park at the site of the battle has created a hornets nest of controversy from both sides of the issue.
	www.eadseagles.com /bainsandcreek.htm (1351 words)

	Sand Creek Massacre
		The Sand Creek Massacre took place the dawn of November 29, 1864 on the Sand Creek reservation in South Eastern Colorado.
		Over two hundred Cheyenne died in the ensuing massacre, many of them women and children, and after the slaughter, Chivington's men sexually mutilated and scalped many of the dead, later exhibiting their trophies to cheering crowds in Denver.
		In 1868 almost 4 years to the day of the Sand Creek Massacre three columns of troops met to launch a winter campaign against the Cheyenne.
	home.online.no /~arnfin/native/issue/sand_cr.htm (739 words)

	Northern Cheyenne Sand Creek Massacre Site Project
		The Sand Creek Office of the Northern Cheyenne Tribe is involved in a very special project that is of great Tribal Historic significance.
		The Cheyenne Descendants and the Northern Cheyenne Tribe consider the 1864 Sand Creek Massacre profoundly significant, it is one of the greatest tragedies to mark relations between Indian and Anglo Americans.
		The Sand Creek massacre remains an open wound for the Indian people, Colorado History and U.S. History.
	www.sandcreek.org (238 words)

	Sand creek massacre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Sand creek massacre moves Description of Sand creek massacre.
		In the cove of the sand of November the 29 of 1864, Juan Chivington lead to volunteers of Colorado in an attack of the dawn against fl boiler and its bandage, that had been said they would be safe in this solitary reservation.
		They killed two hundred men, women and children of Cheyenne, and their corpses often grotescamente were mutilated, in a massacre that gave to an electrical shock the nation.
	the-massacre.searchmp3file.com /sand-creek-massacre.htm (157 words)

	Native American Atrocities - The Sand Creek Massacre
		Black Kettle was a peace-seeking chief of a band of some 600 Southern Cheyennes and Arapahos that followed the buffalo along the Arkansas River of Colorado and Kansas.
		On the morning of November 29, he led his troops, many of them drinking heavily, to Sand Creek and positioned them, along with their four howitzers, around the Indian village.
		As word of the massacre spread among them via refugees, Indians of the southern and northern plains stiffened in their resolve to resist white encroachment.
	www.lastoftheindependents.com /sandcreek.htm (806 words)

	Sand Creek Massacre
		The image at left is part of a larger depiction of the Sand Creek massacre, painted on elk hide by Northern Arapaho artist Eugene Ridgely.
		The Sand Creek Massacre is one of the most controversial and widely discussed incidents in the history of Native/White relations in North America, rivalled only by events such as the Battle of Little Bighorn, the Trail of Tears, and the stories of Pocohantas and of the First Thanksgiving.
		The basic details are as follows: in late November, 1864, a group of volunteer Colorado militia under the command of Col. John Chivington attacked a camp of Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians along Sand Creek in southeastern Colorado.
	www.colorado.edu /csilw/sandcreek.htm (446 words)

	Sand Creek massacre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		On November 28 1864 Col. John.M.Chivington led his troup of volunteers to Sand Creek, and on the dawn of November 29 the troups had reached the sleeping Indian camp.
		After the massacre Chivington returned to Denver where he bragged about how he fought and won the battle with the Cheyenne, and in a theatre he put up about 100 scalps to proff his victory.
		Black Kettle survived the massacre but was killed four years later by the 7th U.S cavalry at the Washita River.
	www.affv.nu /andreasson/sand_creek/page26.htm (402 words)

	Sand Creek Massacre
		All sorts of ghastly stories have been told about the brutality of the Colorado soldiers at Sand Creek --- the most of which are untrue, unfounded, and unproven.
		The massacre lasted six or eight hours...I tell you Ned it was hard to see little children on their knees have their brains beat out by men professing to be civilized....They were all scalped, and as high as a half a dozen [scalps] taken from one head.
		They were all horriby mutilated...You could think it impossible for white men to butcher and mutilate human beings as they did there, but every word I have told you is the truth, which they do not deny...I expect we will have a hell of a time with Indians this winter.
	www.usd.edu /~jdudley/west/sand_creek.htm (688 words)

	"the People's Paths home page!" Roots of American Racism
		The massacre was a result of economic factors and political ambitions that had spawned widespread racism among the white immigrants flooding into the western Indian homelands.
		According to historian Stan Hoig (THE SAND CREEK MASSACRE, 1961), the spot picked out for the reservation was "a gameless, arid section of southeastern Colorado," an area useless to whites.
		A congressional inquiry, which took extensive testimony on the horrors of the Sand Creek campaign, was a fact-finding enterprise only, and no one was ever prosecuted for the outrage.
	www.yvwiiusdinvnohii.net /news/sorry.htm (1020 words)

	Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site
		The Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site was authorized by Public Law 106-465 on November 7, 2000 to recognize the national significance of the massacre in American history, and its ongoing significance to the Cheyenne and Arapaho people and descendents of the massacre victims.
		The Sand Creek Massacre site, located near the town of Chivington, is one of Colorado most controversial historical events.
		Plans call for the site to preserve, interpret and commemorate the history of the Sand Creek Massacre and the memorialize those who were eyewitness, victims, and survivors of the day's tragic events.
	www.plainsonline.net /sand_creek_massacre.htm (376 words)

	Ch 1 Overkill
		Soap and education are not as sudden as a massacre, but they are more deadly in the long run; because a half massacred Indian may recover, but if you educate and wash him, it is bound to finish him some time or other.
		It was Colonel Chivington who was in command at what has become known as the Sand Creek Massacre, an engagement which took place between units of the Third Colorado Volunteers, and a group of Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho people campled in southeastern Colorado on November 20, 1864.
		David Svaldi says in Sand Creek and the Rhetoric of Extermination, 1989, of the My Lai massacre: “For the men of Charlie Company, what culminated at My Lai started with personal fears which were followed by small acts of brutality, followed by more brutal acts.
	gfisher.org /ch_1__overkill.htm (3921 words)

	Sand Creek Massacre Update
		The location of the Sand Creek Massacre has long been, like the event itself, the subject of controversy.
		In the fall of 1864, Sand Creek, in eastern Colorado, was the refuge of Black Kettle's band of Southern Cheyenne and some Arapahos.
		The field team spent two weeks working its way upstream along Sand Creek, focusing on an area that historical research and Cheyenne oral history indicated was the most likely candidate for the site of Black Kettle's village.
	rebelcherokee.labdiva.com /sandcreekupdate.html (701 words)

	The Sand Creek Massacre
		I describe to them the massacre of which I bore witness, on that day, now so long ago, at the place called Sand Creek.
		Black Kettle and his people that survived Sand Creek made their way to Smokey Hill, a march of fifty miles through the snow, to join up with their warriors.
		All four tribes kept away from the whites wherever possible, or raided farms and homesteads in revenge for Sand Creek.
	www.lakotawritings.com /sand_creek_massacre.htm (1902 words)

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