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Topic: Sandinistas

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Sandinista National Liberation Front - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Sandinistas took their name from Augusto César Sandino (1895-1934), a leader in the country's nationalist rebellion against the United States military occupation of Nicaragua in the 1920s and early 1930s until his assassination in 1934 by the U.S.-created Guardia Nacional (National Guard) enabled Somoza to seize control of the country. The Sandinistas' relationship with the Roman Catholic Church deteriorated as the Contra War dragged on. Daniel Ortega was re-elected as leader of the Sandinistas in 1998. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sandinista   (4028 words)

MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base The Sandinistas' primary goal was to overthrow the Somoza regime and replace it with a communist government. In addition, Costa Rica and the terrorist organization, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), were supportive of the Sandinistas. However, the Sandinistas remained a terrorist threat; only now they were the state sponsors of terrorism abroad. www.tkb.org /Group.jsp?groupID=249   (451 words)

Articles - Sandinista National Liberation Front The Sandinistas inherited a country in ruins, with a debt of USD 1.6 billion, an estimated 50,000 war dead, 600,000 homeless and a devastated economic infrastructure. The Sandinistas took their name from Augusto César Sandino (1895-1934), a leader in the country's nationalist rebellion against the United States military occupation of Nicaragua in the 1920s and early 1930s until his assassination by the US-created Guardia Nacional (National Guard) enabled Somoza to seize control of the country. They also point out that the Sandinistas lost both the 1996 and 2001 elections with no Contra threat or outside pressures from the U.S. After their loss, some of the Sandinista leaders held part of the property that had been nationalised by the FSLN government. www.cat-center.com /articles/Sandinista_National_Liberation_Front   (451 words)

Sandinista National Liberation Front - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Sandinistas took their name from Augusto César Sandino (1895-1934), a leader in the country's nationalist rebellion against the United States military occupation of Nicaragua in the 1920s and early 1930s until his assassination in 1934 by the U.S.-created Guardia Nacional (National Guard) enabled Somoza to seize control of the country. Daniel Ortega was re-elected as leader of the Sandinistas in 1998. Violeta Chamorro and Alfonso Robelo resigned from the governing junta in 1980, and the governing role of the Sandinistas became obvious as Ortega and his allies consolidated power. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sandinista_National_Liberation_Front   (3996 words)

nicabib_.txt Nicaraguan president Daniel Ortega Saavedra accuses the U.S.-backed contras of the murders, while his political opposition charges that the Sandinistas are responsible. Lumbi was wounded, imprisoned, and crippled by the Sandinistas whom he had been trained to kill. Carter's accomplishments included interceding for the United Nicaraguan Opposition with Daniel Ortega Saavedra and other top Sandinistas on such issues as the future of the Sandinista security force and the question of property rights. stonecenter.tulane.edu /~latinlib/RESTRICTED/CABIB/nicabib_.txt   (10690 words)

ZNet Commentary: What Everyone Should Know About Nicaragua By 1990 the Nicaraguans had suffered more than they could take from the war and economic embargo, and so when President George Bush I made it clear that their misery would continue until the Sandinistas were voted out of office, a majority cried uncle. Conservative candidate Enrique Bolanos defeated the Sandinistas' Daniel Ortega, in an election that had been cast as too close to call. Although there was no doubt the country had voted for the Sandinistas -- including Ortega as president-- Washington continued its violent efforts to overthrow the democratically elected government. www.zmag.org /sustainers/content/2001-11/09weisbrot.cfm   (10690 words)

BBC News AMERICAS Nicaragua crippled by land disputes Land seizures and evictions are sparking endemic violence between Contras, Sandinistas and former land owners. Among those hunting land is the family of Anastasio Somoza, the dictator deposed and killed by the Sandinistas. When the war ended, and the Sandinistas lost the elections, the land conflicts continued. news.bbc.co.uk /1/low/world/americas/792614.stm   (10690 words)

somozanicbetray.html With the death of Carlos Fonseca Amador, there was no one single leader of the Sandinistas. Shortly, the Sandinistas would have three distinct factions. These were the Communists, the Christian Sandinistas and the Terciary group. www.mosquitonet.com /~prewett/somozanicbetray.html   (10690 words)

The CIA in Nicaragua from Wake Up This was designed to force the Sandinistas to divert resources from development projects to defence, and to disrupt their economy to such an extent that the government could not deliver its promises of a better life for the poor, and thus be discredited. The CIA ran anti-government propaganda in the Nicaraguan newspaper La Prensa, while pirate radio stations operating from Honduras and Costa Rica attacked the Sandinistas as "Marxist" and "atheists" bent on suppressing religion in the overwhelmingly Catholic country. The United States's devastation of the frail Nicaraguan economy eventually resulted in the Sandinistas narrowly losing the country's second election. www.doublestandards.org /wakeup1.html   (2071 words)

index.php?thread=000026.cgi Welcomed by Arias-plan signatories as evidence (along with the Sandinistas’ recent loosening of censorship) of commitment to reducing tensions in the region, Ortega’s actions were rejected by the White House as “cosmetic”. 'Unfortunately,' said one prominant Nicaraguan businessman who opposed Ortega, 'the Contras burn down schools, homes and health centres as fast as the Sandinistas build them.' Pushed to the brink, Ortega sought increased aid from Moscow in 1985; the result was that Nicaragua was becoming as dependent on the Soviets as Washington had always claimed. When elections finally did occur in 1984, the Sandinistas won 67 percent of the vote. www.gopunk.com /gp/Forum1/index.php?thread=000026.cgi   (1551 words)

CNN Cold War - Profile: Daniel Ortega Saavedra In the February 1990 elections under the Arias agreement, Ortega and the Sandinistas lost to a right-centrist coalition led by Violeta Barrios de Chamorro. The result was a cruel and costly civil war that in 1989 compelled the Sandinistas to accept a peace arrangement negotiated by Costa Rican President Oscar Arias Sanchez. In November 1984, the Sandinistas were victorious in national elections, and Ortega became Nicaragua's president. www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/cold.war/kbank/profiles/ortega   (392 words)

CNN Cold War - Profile: Daniel Ortega Saavedra In the February 1990 elections under the Arias agreement, Ortega and the Sandinistas lost to a right-centrist coalition led by Violeta Barrios de Chamorro. The result was a cruel and costly civil war that in 1989 compelled the Sandinistas to accept a peace arrangement negotiated by Costa Rican President Oscar Arias Sanchez. In November 1984, the Sandinistas were victorious in national elections, and Ortega became Nicaragua's president. www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/cold.war/kbank/profiles/ortega   (392 words)

OPERATION HIMMLER AND CANNED GOODS Eden Pastora, the former commander of Sandinistas controlled by the Reagan/Bush White House and CIA, and some of his contra rebels were slightly injured. Reagan and Bush where sending millions of dollars illegally to the Contras to fight the democratic Sandinistas, and signed executive orders to destroy freedom of the press and freedom of religion in the United States in order to control supporters of Sandinistas--and everyone else who got in their way. The wounded journalists were forced to lie unattended in their own blood for hours before everyone was finally evacuated by canoe and jeep to the nearest hospital in nearby Costa Rica--an eight hour trip. www.geocities.com /skull_and_bones_nazis   (392 words)

NO MORE HEROES: NICARAGUA 1996 But another change of much more significance was taking place, largely unnoticed outside Nicaragua, where right wing paranoia about Nicaragua and the coming Central American revolution vied with an uncritical support from the left, for whom any criticism of the Sandinistas was tantamount to a betrayal of the people's cause. The record of the Sandinistas out of power shows a continuation of that alliance, and a readiness to use the authority of the Nicaraguan Revolution to hold back the class struggle. The Sandinistas, so the legend goes, were the organisers of the heroic struggle against the Somoza dictatorship and the authors of his overthrow in 1979. pubs.socialistreviewindex.org.uk /isj74/gonzalez.htm   (392 words)

National Review: Case reopened - investigation into the 1984 assassination of Nicaraguan contra leader Eden Pastora Gomez The object of the attack--Eden Pastora (a/k/a Comandante Cero), a maverick rebel leader who was being simultaneously targeted by the Sandinistas, the CIA, ultra-rightist Contras, and the drug cartel--survived. Arostegui uses these misstatements to accuse us of purposely ignoring Pastora's early statement that the bomber reminded him of one of the members of the Argentine-led hit team which the Sandinistas had dispatched to kill Somoza. Three journalists died and two dozen others were wounded in the bombing, which became one of the most complex and perplexing mysteries of the Reagan era's war against the Sandinistas. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n24_v45/ai_14752840   (392 words)

My trip to Nicaragua One of the popular revolutionary songs of the Sandinistas expressed their sentiments toward US Citizens, "Luchamos Contra el Yanqui, el Enemigo de la Humanidad" or "We will fight against the yankee, the enemy of humanity"—That sure did not give me a comfortable feeling. I remember landing in the Managua airport right after the Sandinistas took over and seeing children 12 and 13 years of age carrying sub machine guns. All has changed, it is estimated only 40% of the country remain Sandinista--during the last election, the Sandinistas lost by only a small margin. members.aol.com /front1234/personal/my_trip_to_nicaragua.htm   (392 words)

ZNet Commentary: What Everyone Should Know About Nicaragua By 1990 the Nicaraguans had suffered more than they could take from the war and economic embargo, and so when President George Bush I made it clear that their misery would continue until the Sandinistas were voted out of office, a majority cried uncle. While the Sandinistas were rebuilding the war-ravaged economy -- it quickly reached the highest growth rate of Central America -- Washington was planning violence. Conservative candidate Enrique Bolanos defeated the Sandinistas' Daniel Ortega, in an election that had been cast as too close to call. www.zmag.org /sustainers/content/2001-11/09weisbrot.cfm   (777 words)

Commentary Magazine - Who Won Nicaragua? ...Chamorro has been described as a kind of mother figure, trying to heal the wounds that divide her society even as she tries to heal those that split her own family: of her four children, two are active and ardent Sandinistas, and two are equally vigorous anti-Sandinistas... ...CHAMORRO'S election victory was accepted by the stunned Sandinistas, and for this apparent conversion from Leninism to democracy they were much lauded by the likes of President Carter and Senator Christopher Dodd... When on February 25, 1990, Violeta Chamorro was elected president of Nicaragua, it seemed an end had finally come to the travail which had beset her country for the previous ten years. www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V92I1P26-1.htm   (3506 words)

Sandinista On 10 January 1978, the assassination of Pedro Joaquín Chamorro, who edited the anti-Somoza newspaper La Prensa, sparked a broad uprising against the regime, with the Sandinistas leading a combination of general strikes, urban uprisings and rural guerrilla attacks that increasingly demoralized the National Guard. Violeta Chamorro and Alfonso Robelo resigned from the governing junta in 1980, and the governing role of the Sandinistas became obvious. The Sandinistas inherited a country in ruins, with a debt of USD $1.6 billion, an estimated 50,000 war dead, 600,000 homeless and a devastated economic infrastructure. www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/s/sa/sandinista.html   (2076 words)

AllRefer.com - Nicaragua - Government and Politics Nicaraguan Information Resource Instead, in early 1993 the government faced the dilemma of dealing with a Sandinista opposition that viewed reconciliation as a means of protecting its rights to confiscated property and a powerful element of the UNO coalition that viewed those property rights as ill-gotten gains and urged strong action against the Sandinistas to recover that property. President Chamorro's cooperation with the Sandinistas, particularly her decision to retain Humberto Ortega Saavedra as head of the army, has led her supporters to accuse her of capitulating and establishing a "cogovernment " with the defeated Sandinistas, rather than reforming the political system in cooperation with her electoral partners. Her government also has been accused by members of the UNO coalition of excessively concentrating power in the hands of a small group of members of her extended family, promoting the same brand of government practiced under the Somoza family dynasty: centralizing power in a small group instead of expanding it in a democratic fashion. reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/nicaragua/nicaragua85.html   (671 words)

Gabriel García Márquez and Nicaragua: He also states that the Sandinistas' is a revolution without a blueprint, that the Sandinistas are pragmatists who are being forced into the Soviet Block in their desperation to survive. In another article, ``Nicaragua entre dos sopas,'' García Márquez argues that although the Sandinistas have sought to establish a pluralistic democracy, the United States is relentlessly pursuing their demise. There were cases of strong identification and solidarity with the Nicaraguan Revolution between non Nicaraguan Spanish American authors, like Julio Cortázar, [i] Antonio Skármeta [ii] and Eduardo Galeano, who wrote fiction and non fiction texts on the Revolution and Revolutionary Nicaragua. jan.ucc.nau.edu /~ewh/GGMREVOL.htm   (671 words)

CNN Cold War - Profile: Daniel Ortega Saavedra A coalition of various opposition groups at first, the junta quickly became the exclusive domain of the Sandinistas as the other members left, dissatisfied with what was turning into a leftist and somewhat corrupt dictatorship. In November 1984, the Sandinistas were victorious in national elections, and Ortega became Nicaragua's president. Ortega was one of the leading commanders of the forces that ousted Somoza in July 1979 and became the head of the ruling junta at the head of the government of national reconstruction. www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/cold.war/kbank/profiles/ortega   (671 words)

Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series/ Nicaragua / Bibliography Saints and Sandinistas: The Catholic Church in Nicaragua and Its Response to the Revolution. Human Rights in Nicaragua under the Sandinistas: From Revolution to Repression. Nicaragua Today: A Republican Staff Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate. lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/nicaragua/ni_bibl.html   (2833 words)

NotiCen: Central American & Caribbean Political & Economic Affairs, including Cuba (formerly EcoCentral); November 18, 1999 Several Sandinistas are taking the position that the FSLN's willingness to make deals with the governing party has helped undermine the credibility of the public institutions Gutierrez referred to. Sandinistas caught in ambiguities Calling the Jarquin affair "an institutional crisis of governability," the Sandinista contingent in the National Assembly declared itself in "permanent session." But the party has proposed no resolution of the crisis and is now split on the issue and on its role in supporting Aleman's campaign against an independent CGR. The FSLN supports a reform that would absorb the independent comptroller general within a five-member body (Contraloria Colegiada) made up of PLC and FSLN appointees (see NotiCen, 1999-11-11). ssdc.ucsd.edu /news/claea/h99/claea.19991118.html   (2661 words)

Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! It also performed strongly in national elections; in 1996 the Sandinistas won 37 percent of the vote in parliamentary elections, and in 2001 the party captured 42 percent of the vote and won 43 seats in the 90-seat National Assembly. The Nicaraguan revolution of 1978–79 reunited the Sandinistas under the third tendencia, headed by Daniel and Humberto Ortega Saavedra, and the FSLN, now numbering about 5,000 fighters, defeated the National Guard and overthrew Somoza in July 1979. In 1984 the FSLN won more than 60 of 96 seats in a new National Assembly and sent Daniel Ortega to the presidency in an election that was widely criticized for its lack of safeguards for opposition parties. www.britannica.com /ebc/print_toc?tocId=9065474   (572 words)

Mark Major, "The Sandinista Revolution and the 'Fifth Freedom'" Even though the Sandinistas were being terrorized by a military superpower, they were still able to conduct elections in 1984 and 1990 that were recognized by international observers as fair and legitimate. One of the great Sandinista legacies was politicizing the majority of the population to become "genuine authors of development." The US and domestic elites wanted to restructure the value system established by the Sandinistas and tried to do this by assaulting the education system. While the Sandinista institutional development was popular and benefited the majority of the population, stability and the need for food were the primary concerns due to a decade of US terror. mrzine.monthlyreview.org /major150805.html   (3860 words)

Catholic World News : Sandinista lead seeks Nobel for Cardinal Obando Cardinal Obando has always been a brilliant negotiator and mediator since when Somoza, the dictator in power when the Sandinistas started the war. It's truly against Ortega's nature to ask for a Mass (the Sandinistas are Socialist & don't believe in God) and to come forward for Obando. Cardinal Obando explained on Sunday that the Mass will be offered for peace, reconciliation, and the eternal repose of those who died in the civil war of the 1980s, but above all, “so that never again will these acts” of bloodshed and violence take place between Nicaraguans. www.cwnews.com /news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=30516   (3860 words)

TIME Magazine Archive Article -- World Notes NICARAGUA -- Mar. 14, 1988 Though the contras objected to Obando's ouster, Ortega named his younger brother, Defense Minister Humberto Ortega, 40, to head a government delegation that planned to hold the Sandinistas' first face-to-face meeting with rebel leaders this week. The Sandinistas and the contras see eye to eye on very few things, but the two sides did agree that Nicaraguan Miguel Cardinal Obando y Bravo, 62, should mediate their cease-fire talks. After overseeing two sessions since January, Obando, a longtime critic of the regime, was abruptly dismissed last week by Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega Saavedra, 42. www.time.com /time/archive/printout/0,23657,967009,00.html   (3860 words)

contrascardinal.html Because Obando is seen as a bulwark against the Sandinistas, he and the Roman Catholic Church in Nicaragua have received support from around the world. Obando, the memo says, was soliciting private aid for "leadership" courses and "religious instruction" to "thwart the Marxist-Leninist policies of the Sandinistas." Obando said the suggestion that he had received aid from the CIA was "a tremendous slander" and "a falsehood." He added vehemently, "I have not received donations from Mr. www.mosquitonet.com /~prewett/contrascardinal.html   (3860 words)

nicarag.txt After July 20, 1979 Miskito, Sumu and Rama leaders were unwilling to give up their local organizations so they replaced ALPROMISU with a new "national" organization called MISURASATA (which means: Miskito, Sumu and Rama and Sandinistas working together). NCAI does not oppose the right of Sandinistas to govern and control their own territory as a free and independent nation, but believes the Nicaraguan Regime should not oppose Miskito, Sumu and Rama claims to their territory. Of the total sixty percent or 120,000 are Miskitos; five percent or 10,000 are Sumus; 1/2% or 1,000 are Ramas; 19% or 38,000 are descendants of Arawaks, Africans and Antillians; and, 15% or 30,000 are mestizos (descendants of Indian and European marriages). www.etext.org /Politics/Fourth.World/Resolutions/NCAI/nicarag.txt   (3580 words)

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