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Topic: Sanjak

	Sanjak - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sanjaks originally were the first level subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire.
		With the formation of new first-level divisions, the beylerbeyliks (later eyalets and vilayets), in the late 14th century, sanjaks were mostly second level divisions.
		Not all sanjaks were part of a province; some were in newly conquered areas that had yet to be assigned to a province and others such as Benghazi and Çatalca remained independent of the province system with their leaders reporting directly to the Porte.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sanjak (299 words)

	Search Results for "Sanjak"
		...captured by the Turks in 1456 and became an important trade center and the seat of the Turkish sanjak [district] of Novibazar (an older spelling).
		A pasha of one tail is a sanjak or lowest of provincial governors.
		...First known in the 16th cent., the city was a Turkish fortress and capital of a Turkish sanjak.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Sanjak (251 words)

	Anatolia - Voyager, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Vilayet of Bursa divided in the sanjaks of Balikesir, Bursa, Erdogrul, Kutahya, Afyon
		Vilayet of Konya divided in the sanjaks of Burdur, Hamid abad, Atalya, Konya, Nigde
		Vilayet of Mamure-ul-Azil divided in the sanjak of Diyarbakir and the mutersaflik of Zor
	www.voyager.in /Anatolia (778 words)

	[No title]
		Sanjak had never been independent before, and only became a "state" (insofar as the constituent Soviet Republics making up the CSDS can be considered states) until the establishment of the CSDS in 1947.
		Well Sanjak, and to a lesser extent, Albania (well, Albanian Muslim fundamentalists) received military and other aid from several Muslim states, Turkey probably, and probably others too (but I don't know enough about the Middle East in IB to say what countries there would have shipped arms).
		It is a known fact that there were foreign mujaheddin units operating in Sanjak both during their war of independence and during the recent war with Dalmatia (by then however they were part of a foreign legion type unit, believed to be called the Legions of Allah, though that information may not be accurate).
	www.geocities.com /dalmatesku/b7.html (727 words)

	SANJAK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Sanjak, or Sandzak, is a distinct region located in the centre of the Balkan Peninsula in present day Serbia and Montenegro.
		The total population of Sanjak is approximately 400.000, with the Muslim population, primarily Bosniacs, comprising 51% and the Serbs and Montenegrins the remaining 49%.
		It is spoken in Serbia and Montenegro, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
	www.unpo.org /news_detail.php?arg=45&par=66 (1120 words)

	Bosnian Congres - articles
		The Helsinki Committee of Sanjak is afraid of a new exodus of the Muslims from this area after their human and civil rights have been gravely disrespected over the last three weeks.
		Sanjak's representative in the Yugoslav federal parliament, the Party of Democratic Action's (SDA) president in Sanjak, Suleyman Uglyanin, was stripped of his mandate and legal proceedings were launched against him for violating Yugoslavia's territorial integrity.
		Almost the entire leadership of the Muslim party SDA in Sanjak was entenced to terms of imprisonment of one year or longer on the base of accusations of organizing armed rebellion.
	www.hdmagazine.com /bosnia/actions/tilman-1.html (700 words)

	[Projekat Rastko] Petar Vlahovic - Ethnic Processes in the Raska Region and the Ethnic Identity of the Muslims
		This administrative division into the Sanjak of Sjenica and the Sanjak of Pljevlja was preserved until its final liberation in the Balkan wars from the centuries-long Turkish occupation..
		Observing it from the surrounding mountains (Kopaonik, Zlatibor), the Sanjak gives the impression of a wide "corridor", the bottom of which is furrowed by parallel mountain ranges, from the north-west to south-east, with possibly the total width of 60 to 70 km and the length of approximately 150 km..
		The Muslims of Sanjak, as well as the Serbs and the Montenegrins, are mostly the immigrants "muhadžeri" who from the mid 19th century came from free countries (Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina).
	www.rastko.org.yu /istorija/srbi-balkan/pvlahovic-muslims.html (3437 words)

	NOVIBAZAR - LoveToKnow Article on NOVIBAZAR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The sanjak is of great strategic importance, for it is the N.W. part of the Turkish empire, on the direct route between Bosnia and Salonica, and forms a wedge of Turkish territory between Servia and Montenegro.
		But by the treaty of Berlin (1878) Austria-Hungary was empowered to garrison the towns of Byelopolye, Priyepolye, Plevlye and other strategic points within the sanjak, although the entire civil administration remained in Turkish hands.
		Novibazar, the capital of the sanjak, is a town of about I 2,0cc inhabitants, on the site of the ancient Servian city of Rassia.
	19.1911encyclopedia.org /N/NO/NOVIBAZAR.htm (258 words)

	Observer Online \| Burkart Goes Undefeated
		Sanjak went on to lose after he was pinned with 20 seconds left in the first period.
		Sanjak was also pinned after 145-pounder Omar Hammond did so one minute and eight seconds into the first period.
		Sanjak was pinned by Glen Warrington with 17.7 seconds left in the first and Montague also lost after Tom Burton defeated him 12-0.
	www.observernews.com /stories/current/sports/020405/sl_wrestle.shtml (496 words)

	THE SMEDEREVO SANJAK 1476-1560 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		In the research stage of the work on the theme The Smederevo Sanjak 1476 - 1560 Territory - Settlements - Population, a total of five Ottoman censuses of the population of the Smederevo Sanjak were used, created in a time span of less than a century (from 1476 to 1560).
		Mining was not particularly important for the economic stability of the Sanjak, given the self-contained nature of this economic branch and its focus on the military needs of the country.
		The territorial expansion of the Ottoman Empire carried out in the second half of the 15th and first half of the 16th century, whereby from a frontier region the Smederevo Sanjak became an inland part of the Empire, was reflected in changing living conditions and status of the population.
	www.hi.sanu.ac.yu /engl/o_sandzaku_engl.htm (1563 words)

	The Ottoman Turkiyya in the Sudan
		This was the Sanjak (sub-province) of Ibrim in the Eyelat (province) of Misr.
		The Sanjak of Habesh, after the failure of the attacks on the Abyssinian Empire, shrank to the environs of Suaken and a similar enclave at Massowa.
		Payments to the garrisons in the Sanjak of Ibrim must have ceased and were never restarted, but the Sanjak remained loyal to the Ottoman Empire, the only part of the Eylat of Egypt which was not occupied, and from it a Jehad was mounted against the French until their withdrawal.
	www.dur.ac.uk /justin.willis/alexander.htm (2051 words)

	Sanjak Turks
		Located within the borders of the former Yugoslavia, Sanjak is a province with a surface area of 8687 km2 that is surrounded with Bosnia and Herzegovina in the north, Srbije in the east, Kosovo in the south and Montenegro in the east.
		Upon the wars in 1877-78, the province Sanjak was temporarily given to the Empire of Austria-Hungary.
		When it was dissolved in the year of 1991, the massacre of Turkish people re-emerged in the province of Sanjak upon the tortures applied by the Srbije and the Montenegro.
	www.ozturkler.com /data_english/0008/0008_14.htm (288 words)

	Sanjak.org - Sanjak Information Center of Novi Pazar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Sanjak or Sandjak (Sandak) is situated in the centre of the Balkan peninsula, between Serbia and Montenegro.
		Sanjak was divided between Serbia and Montenegro against the wish of population.
		Sanjak existed as an independent political and territorial unit until 1912 when it was occupied by Serbia and Montenegro after the Balkan Wars.
	www.sandjak.com /modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=151 (791 words)

	Chapter 1: Encyclopedia of the Palestine Problem
		The independent Sanjak (district) of Jerusalem was subject to the High Porte in Constantinople.
		This Sanjak extended from Jaffa to the River Jordan in the East and from the Jordan south to the borders of Egypt.
		This part was composed of the Sanjak of Balka (Nablus) from Jaffa to Jenin, and the Sanjak of Acre, which extended from Jenin to Naqura.
	www.palestine-encyclopedia.com /EPP/Chapter01.htm (3849 words)

	Ethnic Identity of the Muslims in the Raka Region - Stormfront White Nationalist Community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Observing it from the surrounding mountains (Kopaonik, Zlatibor), the Sanjak gives the impression of a wide "corridor", the bottom of which is furrowed by parallel mountain ranges, from the north-west to south-east, with possibly the total width of 60 to 70 km and the length of approximately 150 km..[7]
		Today this population, expanding deeper into the Sanjak of Novi Pazar, still retains the main features, although slightly changed, of the people from their native tribes in north-eastern Montenegro.[11] This is the layer that organised the Babinska and other uprisings of the "poor rayah" in the Sanjak province.
		"Sanjak served as a hiding place for the majority of the Muslims of the Serbian origin that all left the Dinaric lands conquered by various Christian states."[24] In the Novi Pazar region, even today, there are descendants of the families that emigrated from Serbia in 1804, 1833, and 1867.
	www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=131770 (3241 words)

	The Sephardic Community of Gallipoli (Gelibolu) 2
		In the late 19th century Gallipoli was one of six sanjaks in the vilayet Edirne whose population between 1881 and 1914 is shown in Table 1.
		In 1864 the sanjak of Gallipoli was assigned to the vilayet of Edirne, and in 1870 its kazas were reduced in number to the three (3) listed in Table 1 and shown above.
		The extent of the Sanjak of Gallipoli (pre-1864) is shown in the insert (yellow color, from Karpat).
	www.sephardicstudies.org /gallipoli2.html (1075 words)

	AllRefer.com - Hatay (Turkey Political Geography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The sanjak of Alexandretta was awarded to Syria in 1920 and in 1936 became the subject of a complaint to the League of Nations by Turkey, which claimed that the privileges of the Turkish minority in the sanjak were being infringed.
		The sanjak was given autonomous status in 1937 by an agreement, arranged by the League, between France (then mandatory power in Syria) and Turkey.
		In 1939, France transferred the sanjak to Turkey and it became Hatay prov.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/H/Hatay.html (252 words)

	[02 Aug 1996]: PRESS CONFERENCE SPONSORED BY BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA CONCERNING SANJAK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		According to documents provided to correspondents at the briefing, Sanjak was an autonomous part of Bosnia and Herzegovina until 1878, when it was excised by the Congress of Berlin Treaty and the 1879 Constantinople Convention.
		The Bosniac people of Sanjak were denied constitutional rights in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) on 27 April 1992, according to the delegation.
		Some of the officials had stated that sanctions against the Federal Republic could be linked to the situation in Sanjak, with the possibility of their retention until the Sanjak problem was solved.
	www.un.org /News/briefings/docs/1996/19960802.sanjak.html (1018 words)

	The Sanjak of Alexandretta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Within the boundaries of the sanjak of Alexandretta, however, lie, in addition to the port of Alexandretta, the ancient historical town of Antioch (Antakya) that has become the sanjak's capital; the fertile valley of the Orontes; and the southern section of the Amanus Range.
		She claimed that the Turkish element constituted the "vast majority" in Alexandretta and demanded a series of concessions in this sanjak until in July, 1939, France agreed to cede the territory to Turkey.
		[2] Arnold Toynbee, "The Hatay (Autonomous Sanjak of Alexandretta),"
	home.iprimus.com.au /fidamelhem/SSNP/sanjak_of_alexandretta.htm (1414 words)

	Bright Sun, Strong Tea: Adventures of a Travel Writer in Turkey
		Hatay is the modern name for the historic Sanjak of Alexandretta, at the eastern end of Turkey's Mediterranean coast.
		A sanjak was an Ottoman territorial unit similar to a county in size.
		The Sanjak of Alexandretta—or Republic of Hatay—included the cities of Iskenderun (Alexandretta) and Antakya (Antioch).
	www.turkeytravelplanner.com /BrightSun/WhatsInAName.html (826 words)

	The Austrian Occupation of Novibazar, 1878-1909.
		A double purpose would be served of thereby, of keeping Montenegro and Serbia apart, and thus hindering the impulse of the Serbo-Croats toward political unity, and of holding the door open for an advance of Austria, if not by political control, at any rate by commercial penetration, toward Salonica.
		Questions concerning their subsistence, quartering, etc., were to be arranged by the authorities and commanders of the two Governments, and all expenses were to be paid by Austria.
		The inhabitants of the sanjak had no affection for the Austrians, but nothing occurred to disturb the situation for almost 30 years.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/boshtml/bos128.htm (651 words)

	CROATS & SERBS: CHAPTER SEVEN
		The Turkish conquest of Serbia began with the battle on the river Marica in 1371 and the Turkish victory at Kossovo in 1389.
		In the sanjak of Vucitrn in 1455 twenty-seven of the one hundred and seventy military land grants were Christian possessions.
		In the sanjak of Smederevo in 1476, of all the landowners, sixty-four were Moslems and eighty-five were Christians.
	www.magma.ca /~rendic/chapter7.htm (14536 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Asia Minor
		On the Persian frontier of Asia Minor, in some secluded valleys, are found yet a few Nestorians, descendants of those Syrian Christians who fled in remote times to these fastnesses either to avoid the oppression of their Moslem masters in Mesopotamia or before the encroachments of nomad tribes.
		Each vilayet is divided into sanjaks or districts, and these are again subdivided into communal groups and communes, presided over respectively by officers known as mutessarifs, kaimakams, mudirs, and mukhtars.
		The code is the common law of Islam, known as Nizam, and there is an appeal to the High Court at Constantinople from the civil, criminal, and commercial courts in each province.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01782a.htm (10230 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Although the region has never been a full-fledged state, Sanjak's half-million people are a distinct tribe - about two-thirds Muslim sandwiched to the east and west between Orthodox Christian Serbia and Montenegro, which have governed them since 1913.
		Along with dozens of the would-be nations enrolled in UNPO, Sanjak Muslims had viewed the popular wave that dismantled the communist bloc five years ago as an historic opportunity.
		And, as Sanjak spokeswoman Gusinac pointed out, "a high proportion" - 13 of 37 - are predominantly Muslim.
	www.ccs.uky.edu /~rakhim/doc_files/unpo.html (1785 words)

	The Christian Science Monitor \| csmonitor.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Before ethnic hatred ripped apart the former Yugoslavia, Sanjak was a contiguous cultural region of Bosnia.
		The Sanjak branch of the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights has well-documented records of 34 killings, 131 kidnappings, and 18 armed attacks between 1991 and 1995.
		Saban Sarenkapic, editor in chief of the independent weekly "Has," says that in Sanjak, "life can't be divided into Serbian or Muslim halves, but that's exactly what the nationalist parties are doing." The potential for violence is low, however, given the strength of the Serbian military and the dwindling size of the Sanjak Muslim population.
	www.csmonitor.com /cgi-bin/durableRedirect.pl?/durable/1997/10/15/intl/intl.3.html (905 words)

	Armenian Homeland 3
		According to Lynch, about the year 1890, the vilayet (province) of Kharpert included two sanjaks: Sanjak Kharpert (with 85,000 Armenians and a total population of 206,756) and the Sanjak Dersim (with 8,000 Armenians and a total population of 70,000).
		Lynch noted, "The figures for the Kharput sanjak are an estimate made for me by Consul Boyajean of Diarbekr, at the instance of Consul R. Graves.
		The ancient city of Kharpert (Harput) was located in the sanjak of Kharpert, vilayet of Kharput, and on the plain of Kharpert during the Ottoman rule of historical Armenia.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/Ridge/6925/homeland3.htm (1868 words)

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