Sankin-kotai - Factbites

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Topic: Sankin-kotai

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	Sankin kotai - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The sankin kotai figures prominently in some Edo period ukiyoe (woodblock prints), as well as in popular theater such as kabuki and bunraku.
		In 1635, a law required sankin kotai, which was already an established custom.
		Sankin kōtai (参勤交代) was a policy of the shogunate during most of the Edo period of Japanese history.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sankin_kotai (264 words)

	Daimyo
		Initially, the Tokugawa regarded them as potentially rebellious, but for most of the Edo period, marriages between the Tokugawa and the tozama, as well as control policies such as sankin kotai, resulted in peaceful relations.
	encyclopedia.codeboy.net /wikipedia/d/da/daimyo.html (343 words)

	Japan: Memoirs of a Secret Empire . Glossary PBS
		This policy was known as "Sankin Kotai," and it helped the shoguns maintain control of the daimyo since adhering to the requirement was both time-consuming and costly, leaving the daimyo little money to raise armies or munitions.
		Sankin means "to report to one's lord" or "to render service." Kotai means "to go back and forth."
		By edict of the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1635, the country's regional lords (daimyo) were required to reside in Edo during alternate years.
	www.pbs.org /empires/japan/resources_4.html (982 words)

	Travel Information
		The Sankin Kotai decree also designated which roads the fief lords would travel from and to their domains, and required that towns and villages along the various routes construct and staff suitable accommodations for the Daimyo and their retainers at intervals of one day's march.
		In 1637, Ieyasu's grandson, Iemitsu, the third Tokugawa Shogun, dramatically expanded the scope of the Sankin Kotai system to cover over 260 of the some 300 fief lords in the country, making it one of the defining characteristics of the nation's economy and social life.
		Local residents were also required to maintain the roads in their vicinity and plant trees along them.
	angelfire.com /poetry/authenticprada/travel/travel-reservation-057.html (456 words)

	edotokyo
		Under a policy, referred to as sankin kotai, Tokugawa required the nobility of Japan, the Daimyo, now under his rule, to spend alternative years in residence in Edo, away from their fiefs, often leaving members of their families in Edo as hostages when they did leave.
		Indeed, the population of Edo was to remain relatively stable until shortly before the end of the Shogunate in 1868 when about 300,000 people left the city with the relaxation of the sankin kotai doctrine.
		A remarkable feature of modern-day Tokyo, especially in the inner-city area, is the persistence of patterns and settlement characteristics that began with the founding of the Shogunate, around 1600, by Tokugawa Ieyasu, with Edo as its capital.
	www.gsd.harvard.edu /courses/1502f01/edotokyo.htm (1199 words)

	Untitled Document
		Sankin Kotai, an alternate attendance system, required all daimyo to spend alternate years in Edo, in a designatated part of the city, away from thier fiefs.
		Map from Mori Building Co Sankin Kotai and its implication: Ieyasu's also established a system which brought the primal political and ecnomic power to Edo.
		Sicne daimyo and other officials were expected to maintain an expansive lifestyle in Edo, this system stimulated demand for many tupes of goods and service in the city, attracting thousands of crafts mmen, merchants and other townspeople to Edo to make a living.
	macalester.edu /geography/courses/geog261/aterai/TokugawaPlanning.htm (465 words)

	sankin kotai -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		More results on "sankin kotai" when you join.
		It also contributed to the flowering of an urban culture and a commercial economy and encouraged improvements to roads and communications.
		In Japanese history, a system of alternating residency practiced during the Tokugawa period (1603–1867).
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9377692 (482 words)

	Tokugawa Period’s Influence on Meiji Restoration
		The alternate attendance (sankin kôtai) system not only stimulated economic development but also provided Japan with a shared culture and allowed a common socialization process to occur in the capital of Edo.
		The Tokugawa shogun's requirement of alternate attendance (sankin kôtai) in Edo (present-day Tokyo) for daimyô provided a strong stimulus to the national economy.
		Many aspects of the Tokugawa system provided the Japanese people with a common social and cultural background, which facilitated the transition of Japan in the Meiji period to a modern nation-state and world economic power.
	wgordon.web.wesleyan.edu /papers/jhist1.htm (1491 words)

	47 samurai
		In 1701 (in Western reckoning) Asano Naganori was a young daimyo of Ako province[?] who was told to arrange a fitting reception to the envoy of emperor in Edo during his sankin kotai[?] service.
		A group of samurai were left leaderless after their master was forced to commit seppuku avenged him a year later.
		Asano sought instruction in court etiquette from Kira Yoshinaka, a powerful official in the hierarchy of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi[?]’s shogunate.
	www.fastload.org /47/47_samurai.html (489 words)

	Find in a Library: Sankin kotai institutionalized trust as the foundation for economic development in the Tokugawa era
		Sankin kotai institutionalized trust as the foundation for economic development in the Tokugawa era
		Find in a Library: Sankin kotai institutionalized trust as the foundation for economic development in the Tokugawa era
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/d2400b2894e2e4f6a19afeb4da09e526.html (77 words)

	CONTROL OF VASSALS
		In the Kanei period (1624—1643) the system of alternate attendance (sankin kotai) became formalized and mansions for the daimyo were built along with houses to accommodate their retainers and families.
		It was amended frequently, and here the amendments of Kanei (1635) which gave specific instructions on the system of alternate attendance (sankin kotai) are reproduced (Document 3).
		Otherwise the substance of Buke Shohatto remained the same and was reaffirmed on the accession of each new shogun It enjoined the samurai to the virtues of obedience, sacrifice, and frugality.
	www.angelfire.com /zine2/samuraiworld/Buke_Shohatto.html (7978 words)

	ninme: Shogun
		Sankin kotai (参勤交代: sankin kōtai) was the requirement for all daimyo to leave their wives, and heirs at court in Edo as hostages.
		The daimyo were personally required to attend the shogun& court where they resided in alternate years.
		Bush requiring Cabinet members to spend hours a week at White House, a move top aides say eases coordination with government agencies but one seen by some analysts as fresh evidence tightening grip over administration policy, WASH POST Page One Thursday, sources tell DRUDGE… Developing…
	www.ninme.com /archives/2005/03/shogun.html (300 words)

	Merchant Culture
		The major means of control of the Daimyos was a system known as “ alternate attendance” (sankin kotai).
		The sankin kotai system also had beneficial effects.
		This arrangement required the Daimyos to live every other year in Edo while leaving their families in Edo all the time.
	mccoy.lib.siu.edu /~fl102/Merchantculture.html (1342 words)

	The Corner
		They immediately decided to reduce the financial burdens on the daimyo by relaxing the sankin kotai system - reducing the time that the damiyo required to stay in Edo and abolishing the hostage system.
		Besides, the daimyo were to have the right to give advice when visiting the Edo castle.
		The first of these objectives was met when Keiki assumed the powers of the Regent.
	www.thecorner.org /discus/messages/37/71.html (1097 words)

	Hatamoto
		Unlike daimyo, they did not have a duty of Sankin Kotai and had a domain of less than 10,000 koku.
		They were both feared and respected by other samurai because of their direct allegiance to shogun but this also meant they had a higher standard to fill.
		During Edo period, hatamoto were samurai directly loyal to shogun and had the duty to mobilize at the shogun's order.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/H/Hatamoto.htm (181 words)

	Japan: Memoirs of a Secret Empire . Travel Tokaido PBS
		Partly due to Sankin Kotai, which forced the country's daimyo lords to journey to Edo every other year, the roads bustled with elaborate daimyo processions, samurai warriors, masterless samurai (ronin), monks and various other travelers.
		There were five major highways in Japan during the Tokugawa Era, and the Tokaido (Eastern Sea Road) was the busiest and most important.
		Along the roadside, merchants and tradesmen set up shops and inns to cater to their needs.
	www.pbs.org /empires/japan/traveltokaido.html (112 words)

	Tokugawa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		To control the daimyo [lords], who owed allegiance to the Tokugawa but were permitted to rule their own domains, the Tokugawa invented the Sankin Kotai system which required the daimyo to maintain residence at the shogun& capital in Edo (Tokyo) and to leave hostages there during their absence.
		The Tokugawa themselves held approximately one fourth of the country in strategically located parcels, which they governed directly through a feudal bureaucracy.
		Travel was closely regulated, and officials called metsuke [censors] acted as a sort of secret police.
	www.bartleby.com /65/to/Tokugawa.html (296 words)

	Review for the Second Exam
		Explain the role of the sankin kotai "alternate attendance" system in both providing for the political stability of the Tokugawa samurai regime, and in creating conditions that led to its downfall?
		According to Hane, to what extent did the Meiji period (1868-1912) mark the beginning of a significant improvement in the standards of living of the Japanese people.
		Explain the impact of the Perry Mission on Tokugawa and Meiji Japan?
	core.ecu.edu /hist/tuckerjo/review02-1.htm (258 words)

	ARTH 213 Lecture 2
		Ikkyu, Sankin Kotai Dochuki:Kaga-han Shiryo o Yomu, procession of Maeda, daimyo of Kaga, 1993.
	www.arth.upenn.edu /fall02/213/213lecture2.html (331 words)

	Study Guide for the First Exam
		What was the sankin kotai system, and how did it work to bolster the Tokugawa bakufu, and yet also contribute to its eventual collapse?
		Briefly explain the circumstances surrounding the "opening" of Japan by Commodore Perry, and why that "opening" soon led to the collapse of the Tokugawa bakufu.
		What factors influenced the East Asian response to Christianity?
	core.ecu.edu /hist/tuckerjo/exam1.htm (342 words)

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