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Topic: Santa Barbara Song Sparrow

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	Song Sparrows
		Song sparrows typically learn their songs from a handful of other birds that have neighboring territories.
		It has been demonstrated that song sparrows are able to distinguish neighbors from strangers on the basis of song, and also that females are able to distinguish (and prefer) their mate's songs from those of other neighboring birds, and they prefer songs of neighboring birds to those of strangers.
		The Song Sparrow is one of the birds with the most numerous subspecies in North America, and even on a global scale rivals such species as the Horned Lark, the Yellow Wagtail, the Golden Whistler or the Island Thrush.
	www.avianweb.com /songsparrows.html (1236 words)

	Song Sparrow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Song Sparrow is a very rare vagrant to western Europe, with a few recorded in Great Britain and Norway.
		The Amak Song Sparrow (race amaka) was last observed in 1980 on Amak Island, Alaska and disappeared after devegetation.
		The Santa Barbara Song Sparrow (race graminea) was last observed on Santa Barbara Island in 1967.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Santa_Barbara_Song_Sparrow (233 words)

	Encyclopedia: Channel Islands of California (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Santa Barbara County is a county located on the Pacific coast of Southern California, in the state of California, just west of Ventura County.
		Santa Rosae was an ancient landmass off the coast of present-day southern California, near Ventura County and Santa Barbara County, of which the Channel Islands of California are remnants.
		Santa Catalina Island is the only one of the eight islands with a significant permanent civilian settlementâ”the resort city of Avalon, California.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Channel-Islands-of-California (3784 words)

	Channel Islands National Park - Santa Barbara Island (U.S. National Park Service)
		Santa Barbara Island is the center of a chain of jewels, a crossroads for people and animals.
		Formed by underwater volcanic activity, Santa Barbara Island is roughly triangular in outline and emerges from the ocean as a giant, twin-peaked mesa with steep cliffs.
		This sparrow, which was found only on Santa Barbara Island and is now lost forever, was one of the smallest forms of song sparrow, differentiated by its very grey back.
	www.nps.gov /chis/planyourvisit/santa-barbara-island.htm (658 words)

	Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)
		In the Mono Basin in 2002, nest survival of parasitized Song Sparrow nests was almost half that of non-parasitized nests (0.24 and 0.46, respectively, n=58 and 25) (Heath et al.
		Song Sparrow capture rates increased steadily and markedly from year to year during summer and fall months until peaks in 1998, and were reduced in 1999 to numbers lower than the 1998 peaks but generally (most months) still higher than captures in 1996 and 1997.
		The absence of Song Sparrows in riparian habitat along the lower Sacramento is alarming, considering their presence in similar habitat nearby, and their continued presence in marshy areas in the Valley.
	www.prbo.org /calpif/htmldocs/species/riparian/song_sparrow.htm (9658 words)

	Coast & Ocean Autumn 1999-1
		I was sitting, binoculars at the ready, in a rocky, oak-studded canyon on Santa Cruz Island, one of the four northern Channel Islands off the coast of Santa Barbara County.
		Finally in 1980, Congress designated the four northern islands, Santa Barbara Island, and the waters for one nautical mile around each as the nation’s 40th national park, and later that year Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary was established, extending protection to six miles out from the islands’ shores.
		Although Santa Rosa and Santa Cruz Islands were included in the national park in 1980, they remained in private hands for a number of years thereafter, and agreements still exist with the former owners allowing continued use.
	www.coastalconservancy.ca.gov /coast&ocean/autumn99/pages/pone.htm (2648 words)

	Santa Barbara Island
		Santa Barbara Island is roughly triangular in outline and emerges from the ocean as a giant twin-peaked mesa with steep cliffs.
		He bestowed the name Santa Barbara on the channel after the martyred Roman virgin whose feast day was December 4th, a day which found him anchored off the mainland coast.
		In 1821 Santa Barbara Island became a possession of Mexico after a successful revolt from Spain and with California statehood in 1850, unclaimed and uninhabited Santa Barbara Island changed ownership from the Mexican government to the United States.
	www.west.net /~scifmail/barbara.htm (1477 words)

	CRS Report: 98-32 - Endangered Species List Revisions: A Summary of Delisting and Downlisting - NLE
		The Santa Barbara song sparrow (Melospiza melodia graminea) is a subspecies of the song sparrow that was known to exist only on Santa Barbara Island, Los Angeles County, California.
		Populations of the sparrow declined as its salt marsh habitat was converted to freshwater mosquito-control impoundments, or drained.
		The last male sparrow died on June 16, 1987, and the hybrid offspring died by the summer of 1989.
	www.ncseonline.org /NLE/CRSreports/Biodiversity/biodv-18.cfm (2423 words)

	[No title]
		Santa Catalina Island, on which one population of Helianthemum greenei occurs, lies about 113 km (70 mi) to the southeast of the northern island group; it is 194 sq km (75 sq mi) in area and its highest elevation is 648 m (2,125 ft) (Power 1980).
		Habitat for the plant on Santa Catalina Island is being grazed by goats, mule deer, and bison, and is being rooted by pigs.
		Santa Rosa Island has the smallest proportion of weed species to native species ratio of any of the Channel Islands and the NPS has been actively managing the aggressive invasive aliens.
	www.cdpr.ca.gov /docs/es/estext/fr073197.txt (19561 words)

	Final Recovery Plan for 13 Plants From the Northern Channel Islands Now Available
		The Santa Cruz Island fringepod, a small, delicate annual herb that is also a member of the mustard family, produces a cluster of minute pink or lavender flowers.
		The Santa Cruz Island dudlyea, a perennial succulent in the stonecrop family, is notable for its five-petaled white flowers.
		Santa Rosa and San Miguel islands host the only populations of the island phacelia, a member of the waterleaf family that produces small lavender to violet, bell-shaped flowers.
	www.fws.gov /pacific/news/2001/2001-39.htm (1028 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposed Rule for 16 Plant Taxa From the Northern ...
		Santa Cruz Island dudleya (Dudleya nesiotica) was first described by Reid Moran (1950b) as Hasseanthus nesioticus based on a specimen collected from ``flat area near edge of sea bluff, Fraser Point,'' on the west end of Santa Cruz Island in 1950.
		Santa Cruz Island malacothrix (Malacothrix indecora) was first described by E.L. Greene (1886) as Malacothrix indecora based on specimens collected from ``islets close to the northern shore'' of Santa Cruz Island (Smith 1976).
		Santa Cruz Island fringepod (Thysanocarpus conchuliferus) was first described as Thysanocarpus conchuliferus by E.L. Greene in 1886 based on material he and Brandegee collected where they found it ``common on mossy shelves and crevices of high rocky summits and northward slopes'' on Santa Cruz Island (Greene 1886b).
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/1995/July/Day-25/pr-338.html (16492 words)

	==> All about Endemic santa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Yerba Santa occurs on Catalina and in coastal Ventura and San Luis Obispo Counties.
		The Endemic Bedstraws of the Santa Lucia Mountains.
		Ribes sericeum Eastwood, Santa Lucia Gooseberry, which is endemic to the Santa endemic santa.
	cri.ch /about/endemic_santa.html (208 words)

	Segue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Barbara Maloutas: Barbara Maloutas received a BFA in design at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and studied for five years in Basel, Switzerland.
		Barbara is one of the winners of the 2002 New Issues First Book of Poetry Contest for In A Combination of Practices and the winner of the 2003 New Michigan Press Chapbook Contest for Practices.
		Barbara Schweitzer: Barbara Schweitzer has received the Merit Fellowship in Poetry from the RI State Council on the Arts, 2002, the Galway Kinnell Poetry Prize, 1999, Potpourri Magazine’s Best Poem for 2002 Award and a handful of other prizes for her poems.
	www.mid.muohio.edu /segue/contributors.htm (6092 words)

	[CINC] [Fwd: santa cruz island restoration talk] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Santa Cruz Island is host to 70 of these endemic species.
		The melodic song of the Santa Barbara Island song sparrow and the crimson flower of the Santa Cruz Island monkey flower are no longer heard or seen within the Park.
		This restoration program is part of the NPS mission, as mandated by Congress, to preserve unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of the national park system for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations.
	rain.org /pipermail/sanctuary-naturalist-corps/2005-April/003131.html (370 words)

	Song Sparrow
		This bird uses its melodious and fairly complex song to declare ownership of its territory and to attract females.
		The Amak Song Sparrow (race amaka) was last observed in 1980 on Amak Island, Alaska and disappeared after devegetation.
		The Santa Barbara Song Sparrow (race graminea) was last observed on Santa Barbara Island in 1967.nl:Zanggors
	www.transporteon.com /Natural-S/Song_Sparrow.php (207 words)

	The Barbara Guest Memory Bank
		Barbara’s “return” to surrealism may have been facilitated and encouraged by the milieu in which she found herself in later life, namely that circle of admiring young men with surrealist tendencies whom she fondly referred to as “the boys”: Garret Caples, Jeff Clark, and Brian Lucas.
		Barbara, in another turn of this complex game, finally felt it necessary to efface some of the evidence of her surrealist self-trickery.
		Barbara Guest was the single most important influence on my growth as a poet during my college years; she authorized me with her poetic possibility and its dialogue with artifice.
	www.asu.edu /pipercwcenter/how2journal/bg_memorybank/bg_memory.html (6978 words)

	homepage of Vladimir Dinets-Channel Islands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Channel Islands off California are clearly visible from the shore between Santa Barbara and San Diego, but they are a world apart from the busy mainland.
		Santa Cruz is also the highest island, with mountains rising to 730 m, and rugged shoreline.
		Santa Rosa Island has relatively poor fauna, but its flora is very diverse, and includes all three pines of Channel Islands: Bishop pine (Pinus muricata), Santa Cruz pine (P. remorata), and Torrey pine (P. torreyana var.
	dinets.travel.ru /chis.htm (855 words)

	More Mesa - July 2007
		Santa Barbara is underlain with many fault systems, the activity of which has resulted in land-altering movement such as subsidence or uplift.
		Some of the more notable uplift areas are the Santa Ynez Mountains, Mission Ridge, the Mesa, and the coastal bluffs from UCSB to Hope Ranch including More Mesa.
		The Grasshopper Sparrow name is derived not only from its diet, but also for its grasshopper-like song, which consists of two sharp notes followed by a buzz.
	www.moremesa.org /mesa_news_cur.html (718 words)

	extinct species
		The Santa Barbara song sparrow (Melospiza melodia graminea) is a subspecies of the song sparrow that was known to exist only
		Populations of the sparrow declined as its salt marsh habitat was converted to freshwater
		In 1990, the FWS declared the dusky seaside sparrow extinct and
	www.woodrow.org /teachers/bi/1999/projects/group4/Decker/extinct.html (840 words)

	Falcons and Man - A Timeline
		BLUE PIKE A fish once found in Lakes Erie and Ontario.
		SANTA BARBARA SONG SPARROW A bird once found in California.
		DUSKY SEASIDE SPARROW A small bird once found in Florida and one of the most publicized recent examples of extinction.
	www.pbs.org /falconer/man/offlist.htm (367 words)

	The Nature Conservancy in California - Santa Cruz Island
		So rich and unique are its flora and fauna that scientists have dubbed Santa Cruz and its sister Channel Islands the "Galapagos Islands of North America." But a closer look at Santa Cruz Island today reveals that time has indeed touched this treasure trove of biodiversity.
		Vanished are the Santa Barbara Island song sparrow and the Santa Cruz Island monkeyflower—island inhabitants here before settlers arrived in California.
		With fewer than 100 island foxes left on Santa Cruz Island, the Conservancy, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other federal, state and local partners are moving forward with an ambitious recovery campaign for the entire island.
	www.nature.org /wherewework/northamerica/states/california/features/sci.html (881 words)

	California :: Santa Cruz Island
		So rich and unique are its flora and fauna that scientists have dubbed Santa Cruz and its sister Channel Islands the "Galapagos Islands of North America." But a closer look at Santa Cruz Island today reveals that time has indeed touched this treasure trove of biodiversity.
		Vanished are the Santa Barbara Island song sparrow and the Santa Cruz Island monkeyflower—island inhabitants here before settlers arrived in California.
		With fewer than 100 island foxes left on Santa Cruz Island, the Conservancy, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other federal, state and local partners are moving forward with an ambitious recovery campaign for the entire island.
	nature.org /wherewework/northamerica/states/california/features/sci.html (872 words)

	Santa Barbara Aububon Society Programs and Special Events
		Santa Cruz Island is host to 70 of these endemic species.
		The melodic song of the Santa Barbara Island song sparrow and the crimson flower of the Santa Cruz Island monkey flower are no longer heard or seen within the park.
		This restoration program is part of the NPS mission, as mandated by Congress, to preserve unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of the national park system for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations.
	www.rain.org /~audubon/sbasprogram-past-17.html (312 words)

	Brood Parasitism
		The Song Sparrow just happens to have eggs very similar in size and spotting pattern to those of the cowbird, and almost invariably raises the cowbird young.
		Reduction in the fledging rate of parasitized nests was well over 50 percent in the vireos and phoebes, and about 40 percent in the Song Sparrows.
		Acceptors and rejectors do not represent different taxonomic groups, they do not have different lengths of association with cowbirds, most have eggs that can be easily distinguished from cowbird eggs, and they are capable of ejecting cowbird eggs from their nests.
	www.stanford.edu /group/stanfordbirds/text/essays/Brood_Parasitism.html (957 words)

	Price of Protection
		One senior Interior Department official, ruminating on the act's birthday during a Santa Barbara conference last month, got into hot water for being quoted as saying the act was "broken" -- an assertion he had to very publicly disavow the next day.
		In Santa Barbara, she said, "we have a lot of people wiling to work with us." Evidence of that are the docents who work at plover beaches, telling visitors about the little birds and advising them to keep their dogs and themselves out of their way.
		One of those species was the Santa Barbara song sparrow, a denizen of the Channel Island's Santa Barbara Island: Melospiza moledia graminea was removed from the list because of extinction in 1983.
	www.propertyrightsresearch.org /articles6/price_of_protection.htm (2751 words)

	CHANNEL ISLANDS OF CALIFORNIA FACTS AND INFORMATION
		The Channel Islands of California, also called the Santa Barbara Islands, are a chain of eight islands located in the Pacific_Ocean off the coast of Southern_California along the Santa_Barbara_Channel in the United States of America.
		The eight islands are split between the jurisdictions of three separate California_counties: Santa_Barbara_County (four), Ventura_County (two) and Los_Angeles_County (two).
		Santa Barbara Song Sparrow (''Melospiza melodia graminea''), extinct 1967
	www.amysflowershop.com /Channel_Islands_of_California (254 words)

	Channel Islands National Park - San Miguel Island (U.S. National Park Service)
		Terrestrial residents include the western meadowlark, the rock San Miguel Island 18 Island Views wren, and the song sparrow, an endemic subspecies.
		Peregrine falcons have recently been restored to the island and are nesting successfully once again after years of decimation by the pesticide DDT.
		The only reptile found on Santa Barbara Island is the endemic and threatened island night lizard.
	www.nps.gov /chis/planyourvisit/san-miguel-island.htm (611 words)

	Santa Cruz Island
		The largest of the islands in the park is Santa Cruz, which is 22 miles long and has a land mass of about 62,000 acres.
		The water is pretty shallow across the Santa Barbara Channel and we mainly saw pelicans and gulls.
		Santa Cruz Island is home to the largest sea cave known in the world.
	www.birdingamerica.com /California/santacruzisland.htm (1367 words)

	CA-CCBT Santa Barbara County
		The Santa Barbara count is regularly in the nation's top five.
		Beach and ocean, estuary and brackish fresh water marsh with "lake" or muddy flat, depending on whether river mouth close; weedy fields, willow woods along road to dunes; 1 of 4 large saltmarshes in Santa Barbara County.
		Ocean channel between City of Santa Barbara and Anacapa, Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa and San Miguel Islands; various combinations of coastal scrub, oak and pine woodlands; harbors and diving.
	ca-ccbt.info /SantaBarbara.htm (2348 words)

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