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Topic: Santer Commission Resignation

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Santer Commission

Jacques Santer

European Commission

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Neil Kinnock

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Militant Tendency

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Ted Grant

	European Commission - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive of the European Union.
		The Commission is headed by a President (from November 2004, José Manuel Durão Barroso of Portugal).
		The Commission originated in the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community, which was established in 1952 under the terms of the Treaty Establishing the European Coal and Steel Community.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=9974 (1099 words)

	Santer Commission Resignation biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Santer Commission Resignation refers to the resignation of the Santer Commission from the European Commission.
		Neil Kinnock was a commissioner in the Santer Commission.
		He was re-appointed to the Commission under the subsequent president, Romano Prodi in 1999.
	santer-commission-resignation.biography.ms (76 words)

	[No title]
		The unprecedented en masse resignation of the Commission was the climax of a six month-long tug of war between Europe’s executive and the European Parliament.
		The Commission’s initiative emphasizes its capacity to be a principal in the European Union; its administrative-managerial role stresses its function as an agent.
		Commission entrepreneurship was critical in securing progress in EU social policy (Cram 1997; Falkner 1998; Leibfried and Pierson 1996), environmental policy (Bomberg 1998; Liefferink 1997; Sbragia 1996), and cohesion policy (Ansell, Parsons, and Darden 1997; Bache 1998; Hooghe 1996, 1998). Economic liberals should support administrative management for the reasons that social democrats oppose it.
	www.unc.edu /~hooghe/downloads/chapter6.doc (7594 words)

	RTE News:
		The President of the Commission, Jacques Santer, declared earlier that he is ready to stay on as President of the European Commission.
		However, Mr Santer told a news conference in Brussels that the report was unbalanced and he insisted that it was perfectly possible for him and his fellow commissioners to be renominated.
		The Commission's unprecedented move followed publication of the report, which accused it of operating in a culture of mismanagement that fostered fraud, cronyism and nepotism.
	www.rte.ie /news/1999/0316/print/commission.html (654 words)

	Palgrave.com - Politics
		The Commission is surely one of the world’s most open bureaucracies, in terms of access to officials – most keen to defend their institution -- by scholars seeking interviews and advice.
		Santer reportedly pleaded with Cresson to resign, and tried to convince both the French President and Prime Minister, Jacques Chirac and Lionel Jospin, to urge to her to do the same, but was rebuffed by all three.
		Santer’s defiance was clearly ill-judged but his fate appeared to have been sealed by a random translation gaffe.
	www.palgrave.com /politics/eu/santer.asp (2022 words)

	The Michigan Daily Online
		Santer said he and the 19 other commissioners will stay on in a caretaker capacity until their successors are appointed, but the resignations and revelations of high-level malpractice left the EU in disarray.
		Dutch Prime Minister Wim Kok said the resignations presented the EU with a chance to "begin with a clean slate," while Catherine Colonna, spokesperson for French President Jacques Chirac, said Chirac felt EU leaders should "learn a lesson" from the crisis.
		Aznar said Santer's team should stay on until its term ends Dec. 31, calling that a "lesser evil." Others called for an interim executive to be put in charge until the end of the year.
	www.pub.umich.edu /daily/1999/mar/03-17-99/news/news15.html (706 words)

	CNN - Schroeder: EU not paralyzed by fraud report - March 16, 1999
		Schroeder said that, while the resignation issue would be on the table at next week's crucial EU summit in Berlin, his main priority would be to push ahead with the EU's controversial agriculture and finance reforms.
		EU governments must now decide whether to appoint a provisional commission, which would operate for what is left of the previous administration's five-year term, which ends in mid-January 2000.
		Another option would be to leave the present commission in a caretaker role for a little longer, or at least until a full new commission could be appointed, which would then have a mandate for another five years.
	edition.cnn.com /WORLD/europe/9903/16/eu.commission.02 (607 words)

	EU Sideshow: The Commissioners Aren't the Problem
		By resigning on Tuesday en bloc, the 20 commissioners plunged the EU into an unprecedented crisis and highlighted the relative unimportance of the issues that prompted their resignations — administrative irregularities, rather than serious abuses of power.
		The interim commission that emerges from the ruins of the Santer commission will almost certainly feature a high proportion of familiar faces; many governments will want to reappoint their commissioners, in part because they see the continuity of EU policies as a far higher priority than resolving a squabble between commissioners and parliamentarians.
		The commission as a political institution is in a state of shock.
	www.iht.com /articles/1999/03/18/edgiles.2.t.php (750 words)

	Prodi the Front-Runner For EU Commission Job
		Among other politicians who could serve as permanent commission chiefs, Prime Minister Antonio Guterres of Portugal said he had domestic commitments, and a spokesman at the North Atlantic Treaty Organization said its secretary general, Javier Solana, was too busy with Kosovo and other problems to have even given thought to the EU presidency.
		Santer was scheduled to appear before the European Parliament on Monday, and could announce then that he was stepping aside.
		Santer and Edith Cresson, the commissioner in charge of research and education, could continue in their posts.
	www.iht.com /articles/1999/03/18/eu.2.t_4.php (751 words)

	Resignation of the Santer Commission - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1999, the Santer Commission resigned from their posts at the head of the European Commission.
		Due to her refusal to step down alone, alleging that all commissioners were involved in the same kind of nepotism as she committed, the entire Commission resigned.
		Manuel Marín, a vice-president of the Santer Commission, became interim president and formed the interim Marín Commission until the new commission - the Prodi Commission - was appointed, as scheduled, in November 1999.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Resignation_of_the_Santer_Commission (257 words)

	CNN - EU in turmoil after executive commission resigns - March 16, 1999
		Commission President Jacques Santer, speaking at a special news conference, bitterly attacked the report.
		Santer admitted that the document had highlighted some deficiencies but underlined that the experts had given "no indication of fraudulent behavior, corruption or personal enrichment on the part of the commission."
		Santer said the report had clearly proven his innocence and that he would carry on at the helm of a caretaker commission.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/europe/9903/16/eu.commission.01 (573 words)

	BBC News \| Europe \| Santer calls for EU reform
		Mr Santer hopes to become a member of the European Parliament after elections in June but in the meantime, he still has to account to it for his actions as president of the European Commission.
		The crisis was created by the unprecedented resignation of the commission in the wake of a damning corruption report into fraud and mismanagement.
		Mr Santer told MEPs he had been dismayed by the experts' report, but said he hoped the crisis would prove to be a catalyst for deep and lasting reform of Europe's institutions.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/europe/301319.stm (299 words)

	THE COMMISSION RESIGNATION
		One other point which has emerged, to substantial effect, is that the Commission might place itself, or its actions, in a legal vacuum between the points of resignation and replacement, if it were to undertake any substantial action other than normal implementation.
		That is why the Commission is being very cautious and seemingly inactive at the moment, a situation which will continue until the Commission is replaced.
		The gain in terms of finance, or whatever, can hardly have been worth the fallout caused by the resignations, so that while this may be a factor, it is clearly not the only one, also given the real and hard evidence of massive corruption.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/grattan_healy/resign.htm (1249 words)

	RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY
		That followed the resignation of the previous commission under Jacques Santer, which was beset by allegations of cronyism and mismanagement.
		It was the European Parliament that forced Santer and his team to go, and in doing so, the democratic arm of the EU for the first time asserted its power to dismiss the commission.
		All member governments have always said that the commission and the college is not the 'government for Europe,' and the member states have been really keen to downplay the authority the commission has because they don't want it to infringe too much on their own powers," Crum said.
	www.rferl.org /features/2003/09/25092003153346.asp (749 words)

	Communicating
		Spinelli and former Commission President Jacques Delors shared a sense that the goals of European integration had to be made explicit and visible: that the ‘governed’ had to recognise and see the ‘government’ as just and legitimate, preferably in a constitutional document recognisable as such by the public.
		However, the Santer Commission’s resignation, and the ‘left-overs’ from the 1996 IGC highlighted the continuing flaws in the distribution of inter-institutional power and bolstered the pressure to alter the European Parliament’s powers and influence vis-à-vis the appointment and removal from office of the Commission (outside the scope of this paper).
		MEPs and the Commission agreed that data gathered by Echelon type systems could be passed to commercial bodies for purposes not related to the prevention of crime or state security and, in those instances, should be subject to EU data protection directives[22].
	www.leeds.ac.uk /jmce/p-commun.htm (8677 words)

	Jacques Santer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jacques Santer (born May 18, 1937) is a politician from Luxembourg.
		He also was on General Mediterranean Holdings' board, a financial holding owned by Anglo-Iraqi Nadhmi Auchi.
		Jacques Santer, Manuel Marín (interim), Romano Prodi, Durão Barroso
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jacques_Santer (289 words)

	Factsheet : 01 - The Prodi Commission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Treaty requires that the Commission as a whole must be approved by the European Parliament, and a series of hearings were organised by European Parliament Committees with individual Commission nominees in early September.
		The appointment of the Prodi Commission was adopted "by common accord" by the Council on the 16th September and the first meeting of the new Prodi Commission took place on the 22nd September 1999.
		The Commission’s strategy on enlargement was approved by EU leaders at Helsinki, allowing for the launch of negotiations with six further candidates and the recognition of Turkey’s candidate status.
	www.ibeurope.com /Database/Factsheets/F001prodi.htm (741 words)

	Jacques Santer — Infoplease.com
		Santer became Luxembourg's prime minister in 1984 and served until 1995, when he became president of the European Commission, the European Union's executive body.
		He and the rest of the commissioners resigned in 1999 as a result of financial scandals involving the European Commission.
		European Commission - European Commission, branch of the governing body of the European Union (EU) invested with...
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0843582.html (247 words)

	Neil Kinnock pledges radical reform of EU commission \| Special reports \| Guardian Unlimited
		At his formal nomination hearing in Brussels this morning, Mr Kinnock agreed on the need for radical reform after a scathing report on corruption and cronyism in the EU executive forced the resignation of the commission under Jacques Santer earlier this year.
		Mr Kinnock, who faced three hours of sometimes hostile questioning, described the collapse of the Santer commission as a preventable tragedy.
		Mr Kinnock was a member of that commission, but was picked by incoming president Romano Prodi to be the commission's "Mr Clean".
	www.guardian.co.uk /eurocommission/Story/0,,203104,00.html (388 words)

	Delegation of Regulatory Authority in the European Union
		In sum, the Commission would have greater status and a more important political role if it were to design the general framework within which certain regulatory decisions can be taken, have them adopted by the Council and the Parliament, and participate in monitoring their application, rather than taking these same decisions itself, often formally.
		The Commission has to check the same factors as set out in Article 230 of the Treaty (lack of competence, infringement of an essential procedural requirement, infringement of Community law or misuse of powers), which are some of the grounds for actions for annulment before the ECJ.
		245 A similar tendency is noticeable in recent Commission proposals to decentralise the conditions for applying Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty on restrictive practices and abuse of a dominant position (Commission White Paper on modernisation of the rules implementing the Treaty provisions on competition policy, 1999).
	www.jeanmonnetprogram.org /papers/01/010301-05.html (8597 words)

	Marín Commission : Sirchin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Marín Commission is an interim European Commission that served in office from March 16, 1999 to September 12, 1999.
		Marín Commission was appointed in March 1999 following the Resignation of the Santer Commission due to corruption charges against Édith Cresson.
		The Santer Commission had been due to retire in October 1999 and a successor had not yet been chosen by the European Council.
	sirchin.com /?topic:mar-n-commission (129 words)

	European Union: Europe´s First Government Crisis
		In the end Santer's cabinet was humbled and overthrown by the report of an independent commission of five experts, who examined the performance of the commission and came to a devastating result, confirming most of the allegations and adding others.
		When Santer and his commissioners finally resigned at the end of March, nothing was the same again in Europe.
		The misbalance between the EU institutions penalized the parliament in favor of the executive Commission and the legislative Council of Ministers.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/european_politics/18683/2 (434 words)

	The Constitution \| Final Statements \| Participation \| The Future of Europe 2002
		Whereas it was originally proposed that the Commission President should be elected by the Parliament and that he should come from the parliament's own ranks, this was rejected.
		It was also agreed that the president of the Commission should be able to reorganise, enlarge or reduce his commission, as any other head of state does with his/her cabinet.
		The experience of the Santer Commission's resignation, due to the personal wrongdoings of single Commissioners, illustrates why it should be possible to withdraw the mandate of individual members of the Commission.
	www.ucl.ac.uk /euroconference/participate/fora/final/constitution.html (2278 words)

	European Union Crisis: A typical burgomeister airbrushed into history Independent, The (London) - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Mr Santer was a lawyer and civil servant before entering politics and becoming an MEP, party leader and eventually prime minister in 1989.
		To give Mr Santer his due, in a quiet fashion - and contrary to appearances created by the current kerfuffle - he has begun to reform the Brussels bureaucracy, a matter his predecessor would not stoop to attend to.
		By a process of elimination, they arrived at Mr Santer, who had the further advantage for the government in London of being, it was assumed, a less than ardent believer in the F-word.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19990114/ai_n9652961/pg_2 (967 words)

	EU Commission in Trouble over Accounting Practices
		But yesterday it appeared that little had changed since the disgrace and mass resignation of the Santer Commission on charges of fraud, mismanagement and misuse of the security service for dirty tricks against whistle-blowers.
		But what most irked Euro-MPs was the way that the commission hierarchy tried to cover up the deed by presenting it as part of long-term reshuffle.
		The secret dossier claimed that the old cases had been swept under the carpet, while corrupt officials were still at their posts.
	www.campaignfortruth.com /Eclub/101002/eucommissionintrouble.htm (886 words)

	News - Archives - Highlights - Budgetary control (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The resignation of the 20 Commissioners came after the European Parliament's Committee on Budgetary Control had pinpointed irregularities in the awarding of contracts to outside firms and the Commission had failed to respond to these findings promptly and adequately.
		Although the Commission already had a unit to fight fraud involving EU funds, it had become clear in 1997 that irregularities within the European institutions themselves were such that a new body was required which could also conduct independent investigations into the institutions.
		Moreover, the Commission itself can only be held directly responsible to a very limited extent, since some 80-85% of EU funds are managed and monitored by national and local administrations in the Member States.
	www.elections2004.eu.int /highlights/en/105.html (913 words)

	Front Page / The Irish Times on the Web / ireland.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Several current "uncontaminated" members of the Commission are also expected to be reappointed to the team, although not Mr Pádraig Flynn, despite his clean bill of health from the parliamentary report.
		Earlier, Mr Santer had faced a press conference to explain that, although the Commmission was resigning, it did not accept the conclusions of the report of the "wise men" established by the parliament.
		Mr Santer later met the German President of the European Council and Chancellor, Mr Schröder, who formally asked the Commission to continue in a caretaker role until they could be replaced.
	www.ireland.com /newspaper/front/1999/0317/fro1.htm (660 words)

	You've reached Jungle Echoes ! Bookmark us now !
		Though Mr Santer insisted he was blameless and ready to carry on with his job, saying in a news conference that "I am whiter than white," some leading European politicians are demanding broad changes as the first step to making Europe work more efficiently.
		Meanwhile, Jacques Santer was defiant, saying he was "shocked" by the conclusions and tone of the report which he said was "unbalanced".
		The day-after (his resignation), he was claiming he had "full credibility" to carry on with his job.
	victorian.fortunecity.com /rushdie/593/news63.html (1029 words)

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