
	Where results make sense

Topic: Saparmurad Niyazov

	Government & Politics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Niyazov became Chairman of the Supreme Soviet, the supreme legislative body in the republic.
		Niyazov was elected President of the Republic of Turkmenistan.
		Niyazov is also Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers and Chairman of the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan.
	www.turkmenistanembassy.org /turkmen/gov/presbio.html (316 words)

	Turkmenbashi, Turkmenistan - Travel Photos by Galen R Frysinger, Sheboygan, Wisconsin
		Niyazov, Saparmurad A. (1940-), Turkmen politician, who became president of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR) in 1990 and retained the presidency after Turkmenistan gained its independence from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991.
		Born in Ashgabat, the capital of Turkmenistan, and raised as an orphan, Niyazov was educated at the Polytechnic Institute in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
		Niyazov’s government controls the media, and censorship is widespread because freedom of the press is not guaranteed in the constitution.
	www.galenfrysinger.com /turkmenbashi.htm (608 words)

	CENTRAL ASIA - CAUCASUS ANALYST
		Niyazov signed a 25-year gas deal with Russia to export up to 2 trillion cubic meters of natural gas until 2028, at a price of $44 per 1000 cubic meters, at the same conditions: 50% in cash, 50% in commodities.
		Niyazov was willing to pay to his masters for keeping himself in power in his desert country ravaged by mismanagement and the cult of personality.
		Niyazov may not have grasped is that this also means nobody in either the East or West any longer believe that he and his country is an independent political actor in the international arena.
	www.cacianalyst.org /view_article.php?articleid=1463 (1073 words)

	Turkmen president bans lip synching - Boston.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Turkmenistan President Saparmurad Niyazov is seen during a ceremony in the capital of Turkmenistan Ashgabat, Friday, May 19, 2000.
		Niyazov has ordered a ban on lip synching performances across the tightly controlled Central Asian nation, citing "a negative effect on the development of singing and musical art," the president's office said Tuesday Aug. 23, 2005.
		Niyazov has led the former Soviet republic for 20 years, creating a personality cult around himself and issuing decrees regulating behavior in all aspects of life.
	www.boston.com /news/odd/articles/2005/08/23/turkmen_president_bans_lip_synching (280 words)

	ipedia.com: Saparmurat Niyazov Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Niyazov is an authoritarian leader and is known for his massive cult of personality.
		The primary text is a national epic written by Niyazov, the Ruhnama, which serves as the "spiritual guidance of the nation" and the basis of the nation's arts and literature.
		Niyazov's other efforts to transform Turkmen culture include renaming the days and months after national heroes and symbols, defining the stages of life, and introducing a Turkmen alphabet to replace Cyrillic.
	www.ipedia.com /saparmurat_niyazov.html (533 words)

	10087 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The ruler of Turkmenistan is Saparmurad Niyazov [sah-PAHR-moo-rahd nee-YAH-zawf].
		Niyazov says he plans to hold a presidential election in eight or nine years.
		One-man rule has become so entrenched in Turkmenistan that President Niyazov has taken the name "Akbar Turkmenbashi [turk-men-bah-SHEE]," or "the Great Leader of All Turkmen." Across the country, streets, mosques, factories, and airports are being re-named Turkmenbashi.
	www.ibb.gov /editorials/10087.htm (370 words)

	MSN Encarta - Multimedia - Mural of Niyazov
		Saparmurad Niyazov, president of Turkmenistan, peers down from this mural in the capital city of Ashgabat.
		Since becoming president in 1990, the authoritarian Niyazov has developed a cult of personality.
		Turkmenistan; Niyazov, Saparmurad A. Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461543463_761555783_-1_1/Mural_of_Niyazov.html (58 words)

	Asia Times: Turkmenistan's presidency-for-life slated as destabilizing
		Niyazov, the 59-year-old leader who is known as Turkmenbashi (Father of All Turkmen), was first elected president after independence in 1990.
		Niyazov, who is also prime minister, lives in a palace with a helicopter landing pad in the capital Ashgabat.
		Niyazov's critics argue that there can not be any social stability in a country with annual budget amounting to some $400-600 million - but where the president's personal wealth is estimated at some $3 billion.
	www.atimes.com /c-asia/BA06Ag02.html (968 words)

	Turkmenistan: Human Rights Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		President Saparmurad Niyazov remains President, and in December 1999 the Turkmen Parliament removed all constitutional limits on his term of office, making him in effect "President for Life." All executive power rests in his immediate circle and the legislative and judicial branches of government defer to his will.
		Niyazov has added the honorific "Turkmenbashi" (Father of all Turkmens) to his titles, and his personality cult has been strongly encouraged.
		Niyazov has created a cult of personality, supported by the social contract and the education system.
	www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca /foreign_policy/human-rights/background_documents/turkmenistan-en.asp (728 words)

	Turkmenistan - a land full of melons with a real banana as its President / International Eurasian Institute
		Turkmenistan’s President, Saparmurad Niyazov — a name which, until a few months ago, would have meant little to the world save possibly someone trying to say “Vosene my trumpets” backwards — has, in remarkably little time, risen to be one of Earth’s leading exponents of cuckoo.
		Niyazov has also commissioned an attempt at the world’s biggest handmade carpet, which is 300 metres square and entitled “The 21st Century: The Epoch of the Great Saparmurad Niyazov.”
		Maybe Niyazov is doing the diplomatic version of the trick my friend Charlie employs in such situations, which is to have a long and heated discussion with Jesus, who is apparently sitting in the luggage-rack, until the carriage clears.
	www.iicas.org /english/enlibrary/libr_20_08_02.htm (823 words)

	Russia, Turkmenistan, Defection
		WASHINGTON, Nov. 6 (UPI)-- Saparmurad Niyazov, who crowned himself Turkmenbashi, or "Leader of all Turkmens," is the despotic leader of the gas-rich Turkmenistan, a country in Central Asia bordering Afghanistan.
		Niyazov, who was the Soviet communist party first secretary in the 1980s, has been running a repressive dictatorship.
		Niyazov may also face Russia's displeasure â€” and America's too â€” because of his declared policy of "permanent neutrality." With Russia supporting U.S. military operations in Afghanistan, the pressure is mounting on Central Asian governments to line up alongside both global powers.
	www.cdi.org /russia/johnson/5531-8.cfm (914 words)

	Biografías de Líderes Políticos CIDOB: Saparmurad Niyazov (Turkmenistán) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		La trayectoria de Niyazov en la CEI ha sido peculiar, negándose por lo general a subscribir acuerdos tendentes a aportar algún rango de supranacionalidad a esta endeble estructura y sumándose a los restantes, pero sin dejar de expresar objeciones a las fórmulas de coordinación política, comercial o monetaria.
		Niyazov ha tratado de compensar la tendencia al aislamiento regional con un nutrido plantel de visitas a todos los países de esta parte de Asia, así como de la CEI, Europa occidental y Estados Unidos.
		Durante años, el régimen de Niyazov excusó los peores estragos del derrumbe del sistema soviético mediante el mantenimiento de la planificación centralizada de la economía y la subvención total de servicios básicos como la electricidad (esta medida fue anulada en 1996), aun al precio de alimentar una hiperinflación que en 1993 alcanzó las cuatro cifras.
	www.cidob.org /bios/castellano/lideres/n-003.htm (1745 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Gas pipeline from Turkmenistan to Pakistan on the table again
		Niyazov had long engaged the Taliban in a bid to stem cross-border instability in order to create favourable conditions for his pipeline dream.
		According to Niyazov, the pipeline project could be the foundation for a new commerce corridor for the region, often referred to as the Silk Road of the 21st century.
		On the other hand, Niyazov with his long record of mercurial and questionable behaviour may not prove a reliable partner in any major international project, he said.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/news/ntc21084.htm (929 words)

	Chronology
		Saparmurad Niyazov, the First Secretary of the CPT since 1985 was elected the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet, the highest government office in the Republic.
		1992 June: Saparmurad Niyazov was re-elected, unopposed, to the presidency receiving an estimated 99.5% of the votes cast in a direct ballot.
		Saparmurad Niyazov, head of the Communist Party since 1985 and President since October 1990 when the post was created, remained in office.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/data/turrusschro.htm (1988 words)

	[No title]
		Once past the gleaming new British-built Saparmurad Niyazov international airport in Ashkhabad, the capital, television news is dominated by shots of the leader opening new buildings.
		A giant marble presidential palace with flowing fountains and a golden roof is being erected in the city centre by the French Bouygues construction company and an army of Pakistani labourers.
		Last year Bouygues finished a magnificent mosque to celebrate the pilgrimage of Niyazov, a former Lenin-worshipping communist apparatchik, to the sacred Muslim city of Mecca, much to the bemusement of the deeply secular Turkmen population.
	www.yurope.com /people/danko/turkmen2.txt (1129 words)

	Washingtonpost.com: Pipe Dreams - The Struggle for Caspian Oil
		In August 1997, in a bold move that conjured up memories of 19th-century Turkmen khans staving off would-be Russian conquerors, President Saparmurad Niyazov halted gas deliveries to the Russian-controlled pipeline system that was built during the Soviet era.
		Niyazov said he "smelled old Soviet ambitions" in Russia's use of its pipeline monopoly to keep Turkmenistan's gas from competing with Russian gas in European markets.
		Niyazov was a player, and he had anted up one of the biggest gas reserves on Earth.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/inatl/europe/caspian100598.htm (985 words)

	Central Asian Republics: Presidents' Biographies
		Saparmurad Atayevich Niyazov (Turkmenbashy) was born on February 19,1940 in Ashgabat.
		In 1984, Niyazov was called to Moscow where he served on the staff of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
		Niyazov is also the Chairman of the National Soviet of the National Council of Turkmenistan, the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan, the President of the Humanitarian Association of the Turkmen of the World, and the Chairman of the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan.
	www.angelfire.com /rnb/bashiri/Presidentsbios/presidentsbios.html (1697 words)

	The Blogmenbashi
		A children's chorus sang Niyazov's praises in Turkmen and English, and a magnificent chestnut stallion was presented to the president.
		Niyazov may be declared a prophet by the People's Council, an empty mutation of the parliament and the council of tribal elders which he summons when necessary.
		Saparmurad Niyazov, alias the Turkmenbashi may be the first communist to be declared a prophet and the Turkmens will be a chosen people (unfortunately chosen not by the Almighty but by their self-styled president - as Turkmens sarcastically remark).
	blogmenbashi.blogspot.com /2004_02_01_blogmenbashi_archive.html (2226 words)

	Pictures from Turkmenistan. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Niyazov has said that 5,000 convicts will be freed under an amnesty in early January 2000, and 2,000 more will have their prison terms reduced, the Interfax news agency reported.
		Separately, the People's Council on Wednesday awarded the authoritarian Niyazov with a medal "For the Great Love for Independent Turkmenistan." Niyazov, who has established an elaborate cult of personality in the former Soviet republic, was the first recipient of the medal, made of white gold.
		Also Wednesday, Niyazov ordered that the country begin using the Latin alphabet instead of the Cyrillic alphabet as of January 1st 2000, and formed a commission to coordinate the change, Interfax reported.
	www.geocities.com /afmasters/turkmen.htm (246 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Niyazov is the first leader in the former Soviet states to become President for life, even though most other leaders of the neighbouring Central Asian republics have repeatedly extended their term in office.
		Niyazov went on to forge a one-man regime in Turkmenistan, lavishly spending gas-export revenues to erect over 2,000 monuments to himself, some of them made of pure gold, and build numerous palaces, whose splendour stands in stark contrast to the dire poverty of his people.
		Niyazov today renamed the 12 months of the year, naming January as ``Turkmenbashi'' after himself and April after his mother.
	www.hinduonnet.com /thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2002080901051500.htm&date=2002/08/09/&prd=th& (254 words)

	Prima-News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Saparmurad Niyazov proposed the development group to independently create the basic democratic legislation and to present the definitive variant for discussion.
		Saparmurad Niyazov condemns embezzling top officials on TV, offering pardon in return for partial reimbursement of the stolen funds.
		Shikhmuradov’s claims roused the indignation of the president, caused demotion of vice-premier to the position of an ordinary minister, and, finally, to disfavor, when the regime’s former mastermind was sent to China as ambassador.
	www.prima-news.ru /eng/news/articles/2002/5/20/10361.html (1195 words)

	Niyazov, Saparmurad -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		This Central Asian land, a former republic of the Soviet Union and an important producer of natural gas, was clenched in the grip of its president, Saparmurad Niyazov.
		Niyazov was born in the village of Kipchak near Ashgabat…;
		Saparmurad Niyazov continued to destabilize his own government through an increasingly rapid turnover of top officials and the concentration of progressively more tasks in the hands of fewer and fewer ministries.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9396506?tocId=9396506 (493 words)

	Timeline Turkmenistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Saparmurad Niyazov changed his last name to Turkmenbashy, i.e.
		Niyazov urged the legislators to double the monthly wages to $50 and to give every citizen 2 pounds of salt.
		Saparmurad Niyazov demanded that any foreigner wishing to marry a local citizen would have to pay the government $50,000 to serve as a "guarantee" for children in case of divorce.
	www.bonus.com /contour/timelines_history/http@@/timelines.ws/countries/TURKMENISTAN.HTML (363 words)

	Turkmen Delegation Report on Islam and the Prospects for Political Change - The Eisenhower Institute, Washington, D.C. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Niyazov reduced mandatory school attendance to nine years and curtailed the number of university placements.
		He asserts that as long as President Niyazov complies, there will be no objections from the US government and, therefore, nothing will be done to institute democracy in Turkmenistan.
		Niyazov has refused to privatize the oil and gas industries until at least 2015, further stifling economic growth and modernization.
	www.eisenhowerinstitute.org /programs/globalpartnerships/securityandterrorism/coalition/regionalrelations/TurkmenReport.htm (1136 words)

	ljonn.com
		Niyazov previously launched a crackdown on young men with beards or long hair and in April he said young people should not get gold tooth caps.
		Niyazov, Turkmenistan’s “president for life” and focus of a flourishing personality cult, wrote the Rukhnama (Spiritual World) as a moral guide to his desert nation of 6 million.
		Niyazov’s decree, published on Friday, forbids to consume nas in ministries and public institutions, at all enterprises and organizations, in military units and border guard posts in educational and children’s establishments, in theaters, in public and private transport, in parks and shops.
	weblog.ljonn.com /index.php?id=D20040818 (1631 words)

	Dilettant.no - ser best ut med Opera (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fotballstadionen, flyplassen og en av hovedveiene i hovedstaden Ashgabat har også navnet sitt fra sjefen sjøl, og midt i byen står en rundt førti meter høy forgylt statue av, vel, Saparmurad Niyazov.
		Niyazov har klart å bygge opp en personkult verden ikke har sett maken til siden Maos dager.
		Hvorvidt Niyazov faktisk er troende muslim eller om det bare er et populistisk triks blir selvsagt bare spekulasjoner, men at mannen er god på populisme er det ingen tvil om.
	www.dilettant.no /index.php?page=utskrift&ArtID=66 (811 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)