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AllRefer.com - Kazakhstan - Introduction to Kazakhstan - Kazakstan - Kyrgyzstan - Tajikistan - Turkmenistan - ... |
 | | When independence was declared in 1991, none of the five republics had experienced an independence movement or had a corps of leaders who had considered how such a change might be managed. |
| | Although the Niyazov regime launched ambitious privatization programs in 1992 and 1993--with energy, transportation, agriculture, and communications to remain under state control--only minor progress had been made toward the programs' goals by the mid-1990s. |
| | President Niyazov has run the country's foreign policy personally; he has faced little pressure at home to orient policy in a particular direction. |
| reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/kazakhstan/kazakhstan.html (10123 words) |
