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Topic: Saponin

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	Saponins : by Ray Sahelian, M.D., saponin health benefits
		Saponins are complex compounds that are composed of a saccharide attached to a steroid or triterpene.
		The new saponins were found to possess antispasmodic activity in the guinea pig isolated ileum; such an effect might contribute to explaining the traditional use of onion in the treatment of disturbances of the gastrointestinal tract.
		During soaking and blanching, portions of saponins are dissolved in water and lost in the soaking, washing, and blanching liquors.
	www.raysahelian.com /saponin.html (1018 words)

	Molecular Expressions: Phytochemical Gallery - Saponin
		Saponins are natural surfactants, or detergents, found in many plants, but they are most abundant in the desert plants Yucca and Quillaja.
		In the diet, phytochemical saponins have a wide spectrum of activity as antifungal and antibacterial agents, lowering of blood cholesterol, and inhibition of cancer cell growth.
		Saponins act by binding with bile acids and cholesterol, so it is thought that these chemicals "clean" or purge these fatty compounds from the body, lowering the blood cholesterol levels.
	micro.magnet.fsu.edu /phytochemicals/pages/saponin.html (319 words)

	Saponin
		Saponins are natural surfactants, or detergents, found in many plants, but they are most abundant in the desert plants Yucca and Quillaja.
		In the diet, phytochemical saponins have a wide spectrum of activity as antifungal and antibacterial agents, lowering of blood cholesterol, and inhibition of cancer cell growth.
		Saponins act by binding with bile acids and cholesterol, so it is thought that these chemicals "clean" or purge these fatty compounds from the body, lowering the blood cholesterol levels.
	www.tjclarkminerals.com /phytochemicals/saponin.htm (251 words)

	Yucca, Herb Monograph - Flora Health Herb Encyclopedia
		Saponins, precursors of cortisone that bind toxins in the intestines and prevent their release, are also produced naturally in the body by the adrenal glands.
		Saponin extracts from other sources, such as soy, are known to have powerful bioactivity for lowering cholesterol and improving health through many other benefits.
		Saponins extracted from yucca plants are generally considered safe when used in traditional doses and forms based on several hundred years of use by Native Americans, both as food and medicine.
	www.florahealth.com /flora/home/canada/healthinformation/encyclopedias/Yucca.asp (928 words)

	SAPONIN - Definition
		saponine.] (Chem.) A poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort ({Saponaria}), in the bark of soap bark ({Quillaia}), etc.
		By extension, any one of a group of related bodies of which saponin proper is the type.
		Any of a group of glycosides produced by plants that foam in water; saponins are used as foaming agents in beverages, as emulsifiers, and in detergents.
	www.hyperdictionary.com /dictionary/saponin (139 words)

	INCREASE OF SAPONIN CONTENTS VIA ELICITOR TREATMENTS IN BIOREACTOR CULTURE OF GINSENG (PANAX GINSENG C.A. MEYER) ...
		Saponin is considered one of the most important active components in ginseng root, which shows anabolic, adaptogenic, antibiotic, minor hyperglycemic, and anti-cancer activities.
		To increase saponin content, ginseng adventitious roots were cultured in a 20-liter balloon type airlift bioreactor for 40 days followed by different types and concentrations of elicitor treatments: methyl dihydro jasmonate, methyl epi-jasmonate, methyl epi-dihydro jasmonate, jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate.
		Methyl epi-jasmonate (100 µmol) resulted in the highest content of saponin accumulation followed by methyl jasmonate, while methyl dihydro jasmonate was not effective for saponin accumulation.
	www.actahort.org /books/679/679_17.htm (274 words)

	ScienceDaily: New Cholesterol Fighter Found In Red Wine
		The red Zinfandel tested, which contained the highest level of saponins among all the wines tested, also had the highest level of alcohol, at 16 percent.
		But while resveratrol is thought to block cholesterol oxidation by its antioxidant action, saponins are believed to work by binding to and preventing the absorption of cholesterol, he says.
		He also mentioned that saponins are known to affect inflammation pathways, an effect that could have implications in heart disease and cancer, according to published studies.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2003/09/030909070840.htm (704 words)

	Effects of dietary quillaja saponin and curcumin on the performance and immune status of weaned piglets -- Ilsley et ...
		Saponins are compounds found in a number of plants.
		Effect of saponin on the transmucosal passage of ß-lacto-globulin across the proximal small intestine of normal and ß-lactoglobulin-sensitized rats.
		Effects of dietary saponins on faecal bile acids and neutral sterols, and availability of vitamins A and E in the chick.
	jas.fass.org /cgi/content/full/83/1/82 (3335 words)

	Saponins - a danger
		Saponins, when they are mixed with water and shaken, create a dense foam with a very high surface tension similar to shaving cream or the head on a beer.
		Rectal elimination is largely prevented due to the suppression of natural peristaltic action of the intestines by the saponins, the impenetrability of the saponin foam and by the masses of expanded food and fibre contained in most commercial rations.
		Most saponins are very toxic, but because of the large size of their molecules they are not readily absorbed by the intestines, thus oral doses usually produce only local effects.
	www.pinnaclepetsupply.com /saponin.htm (1025 words)

	saponin
		Saponins may help lower cholesterol and may have anticancer effects.
		Another cohort of 9 patients was enrolled in a second trial with the same vaccine using the competitive saponin adjuvant QS-21 at 100ug, a dose established in...
		Human zona pellucida during in vitro fertilization: an ultrastruc- tural study using saponin, ruthenium red and osmium thiocarbohydra- zide.
	www.cancer-help.org /cancer/0604/saponin.html (385 words)

	YUCCALIVE Info
		Clinical research resulted in evidence that the saponin in yucca could not only reduce stress and swelling of joints in people, but could also lower the tendency to develop toxic wastes in the colon.
		Based on clinical experience, it is suggested that yucca should be placed in a trial study for those patients who have chronic gall bladder disease, or who have had their gall bladder removed, and who also have a problem of high blood cholesterol level.
		The yucca saponin could possibly replace to some extent the necessity for bile salts and cholesterol to be excreted into the intestine in gall bladder disease, or after the gall bladder has been removed.
	www.bone-cancer-cure.com /Products/YuccaliveInfo.htm (689 words)

	Vegemania: scientists tout the health benefits of saponins - disease-fighting nutrient in vegetables and legumes - ...
		Saponins and saponinlike compounds have shown evidence that they can buttress the body's ability to thwart cancer and heart disease.
		Researchers are looking closely at saponins' biochemical properties, which they believe include mechanisms that can stimulate the immune system, ward off microbial and fungal infections, protect against viruses, and even act as a spermicide.
		Moreover, a saponin from the fruits of the Gleditsia japonica showed strong antitumor effects in mice, as did another saponin culled from the roots of Panax ginseng.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n24_v148/ai_17909340 (827 words)

	Saponin, Complementary and Alternative Healing University
		Saponin is any glucosides that occur in plants and are characterized by the property of producing a soapy lather.
		A moisture absolving amorphous saponin mixture can be used as a foaming and emulsifying agent and detergent When it is digested, it yields a sugar and a sapogenin aglycone.
		Sapogenin is the nonsugar portion of a saponin.
	www.alternativehealing.org /saponin.htm (115 words)

	New cholesterol fighter found in red wine
		Called saponins, these glucose-based plant compounds are being found in an increasing number of foods.
		But while resveratrol is thought to block cholesterol oxidation by its antioxidant action, saponins are believed to work by binding to and preventing the absorption of cholesterol, he says.
		He also mentioned that saponins are known to affect inflammation pathways, an effect that could have implications in heart disease and cancer, according to published studies.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-09/acs-ncf082503.php (589 words)

	ET 4/97: Create your own sustainable garden
		Saponin is an extract of the Yucca plant, which grows and thrives in the desert, without much water and under the stress of extreme temperatures of both hot and cold.
		Saponin has been proven to be a very potent bio-steroid, which makes plants stronger and more resistant to pests and disease.
		Both Kelp and Saponin are processed by American Kelp and made into amendments that can be used to totally re-work a growing area into sustainability, or to retroactively work on an existing garden or landscape.
	www.sdearthtimes.com /et0497/et0497s12.html (611 words)

	Database Entry for Quillaja - Quillaja saponaria Quillaja - Quillaja saponaria Quillaja - Quillaja saponaria Quillaja - ...
		So HS, 1997 Effect of a novel saponin adjuvant derived from Quillaja saponaria on the immune response to recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen.
		Hancock GE, 1995 Formulation of the purified fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus with the saponin QS-21 induces protective immune responses in Balb/c mice that are similar to those generated by experimental infection.
		Kensil CR, 1991 Separation and characterization of saponins with adjuvant activity from Quillaja saponaria Molina cortex.
	www.rain-tree.com /quillaja.htm (849 words)

	Microbiological assay for saponin in alfalfa products (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A bioassay is described for determining medicagenin-type saponin in dried alfalfa, leaf protein concentrates, and alfalfa sprouts.
		Samples are extracted by refluxing 2 1/2 hr with 50% ethanol, ethanol is evaporated, and aliquots of an aqueous solution are added to potato dextrose agar (PDA) and assayed for saponin by using the fungus Trichoderma viride.
		The growth of the fungus on PDA is compared with a standard saponin, and saponin levels are calculated by means of a slope ratio analysis.
	www.sproutnet.com /Nutrition/Research/microbiological_assay_for_saponi.htm (79 words)

	RANDALL, PAULA F.*, JOHN S. GARDNER, AND DANIEL J. FAIRBANKS.
		Saponins, which have a bitter, soapy taste, are water soluble and can be removed by vigorously washing the seeds in water.
		The purpose of this study is to analyze the location of saponins in washed and unwashed C.
		sajama amaranthiform is that the fragile saponin containing cells on the seed surface may slough off easily in the dehulling process giving the seeds the saponin free characteristic.
	www.ou.edu /cas/botany-micro/bsa-abst/section2/abstracts/41.shtml (281 words)

	[No title]
		In: J Pharmacobiodyn (1986 Feb) 9(2):211-7 ISSN: 0386-846X Monodesmoside, saponin A, B and C, isolated from pericarps of Sapindus mukurossi (Enmei-hi) have been shown to promote absorption of poorly absorbed beta-lactam antibiotics by the small intestine using an in situ loop method.
		Monodesmosides were solubilized with ginseng crude saponin extract, a mixture of bisdesmosides, saponin X, Y1 and Y2 which were isolated also from Sapindus mukurossi.
		In: J Pharmacobiodyn (1985 Dec) 8(12):1041-7 ISSN: 0386-846X Monodesmosides, saponin A,B and C, isolated from pericarps of Sapindus mukurossi (Enmei-hi) were shown to promote the rectal absorption of beta-lactam antibiotics in rat, using an in situ loop method and an in vivo method.
	www.swsbm.com /Abstracts/Sapindus-AB.txt (1050 words)

	Health News: Lifeclinic.com
		The new compounds, called saponins, have already been found in other foods, such as soy beans and peas, and are also thought to come from the skin of grapes, say the researchers, from the University of California, Davis.
		Saponins are thought to work by preventing the absorption of cholesterol into the body.
		Even if saponins do have an effect on cholesterol, the American Heart Association points out that alcohol and wine can have negative health effects, namely increasing triglyceride levels, raising blood pressure and providing extra calories that can contribute to obesity.
	www.lifeclinic.com /healthnews/article_view.asp?story=514977 (491 words)

	Vivaherba
		Since dietary saponins are poorly absorbed, their major biological effects generally occur in the digestive tract, especially the small intestine.
		Studies determined that saponins increase the permeability of cells, including intestinal mucosal cells, inhibiting active nutrient transport and facilitating the uptake of substances to which the gut would normally be impermeable.
		Saponins have also been shown to affect gastrointestinal tract cell morphology and to absorb bile acids.
	www.vivaherba.com /animal-feed-ingredients.html (935 words)

	Saponin, Complementary and Alternative Healing University
		Saponin is any glucosides that occur in plants and are characterized by the property of producing a soapy lather.
		A moisture absolving amorphous saponin mixture can be used as a foaming and emulsifying agent and detergent When it is digested, it yields a sugar and a sapogenin aglycone.
		Sapogenin is the nonsugar portion of a saponin.
	alternativehealing.org /saponin.htm (115 words)

	Saponin In Wine - The Latest Discovery - Wine News
		The glucose-based compounds, called saponins, are found in the waxy skins of grapes, but not in the juice.
		The scientists believe that saponins may help to reduce the level of LDL cholesterol circulating in the body.
		"Saponins are a relatively new topic," said head researcher Andrew Waterhouse.
	www.bbr.com /GB/db/news-item/525?ID=null&first_news_F=21 (233 words)

	New Page 3 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A new study shows that red wines are a significant source of saponins, which are believed to promote heart health by binding to cholesterol and preventing the absorption of cholesterol in the blood.
		Saponins are believed to come from the waxy skin of grapes and dissolve into the wine during the wine making process.
		Saponins New Healthy Ingredient Found in Red Wine Reduces Cancer, good health, significant source of saponins, plant compounds thought to play a role in inflammation, beneficial effects in reducing heart disease and cancer risks.
	www.prostatecanceralternatives.com /Saponins%20New%20Healthy%20Ingredient%20Found%20in%20Red%20Wine%20Reduces%20Cancer.htm (651 words)

	Responses of isolated and perfused dog coronary arteries to acetylcholine, norepinephrine, KCl, and diltiazem before ...
		Responses of isolated and perfused dog coronary arteries to acetylcholine, norepinephrine, KCl, and diltiazem before and after removal of the endothelial cells by saponin.
		After 20-60 min of saponin treatment, the responses to drugs were observed and compared with the control.
		The ACh-induced vasodilation was significantly attenuated by saponin (P less than 0.01), but the ACh-induced vasoconstriction was not affected by it.
	www.hairmillion.com /rx-online-info/propranolol-online-rx/propranolol-online-rx.26.html (798 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Fungicidal Properties of Cay-1, a Plant Saponin, for Emerging Fungal Pathogens
		Publication request: Fungicidal Properties of Cay-1, a Plant Saponin, for Emerging Fungal Pathogens
		Citation: De Lucca II, A.J., Klich, M.A., Sien, T., Cleveland, T.E., Walsh, T.J. Fungicidal properties of CAY-1, a plant saponin, for emerging fungal pathogens.
		CAY-1, a lytic saponin, was purified by HPLC/MS from cayenne pepper.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=187783 (336 words)

	Definition of saponin - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		: any of various mostly toxic glucosides that occur in plants (as soapwort or soapbark) and are characterized by the property of producing a soapy lather; especially : a hygroscopic amorphous saponin mixture used especially as a foaming and emulsifying agent and detergent
		Learn more about "saponin" and related topics at Britannica.com
		See a map of "saponin" in the Visual Thesaurus
	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=saponin (69 words)

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