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Topic: Sarugaku

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	Sarugaku - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sarugaku(猿楽), literally "monkey music," was a form of theatre popular in Japan during the 11th to 14th centuries.
		It originated from "sangaku," a form of entertainment reminiscent of the modern-day circus, consisting mostly of acrobatics, juggling, and pantomime, sometimes combined with drum dancing.
		In particular, the sarugaku Noh troupe Yuzaki, led by Kan'ami, performed in 1374 before the young shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sarugaku (328 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		Although the form that Yoshimitsu was introduced to was an undeveloped version of Noh music that we see today it had the basic principles on which the theatre music is based upon. The fundamental purpose behind Noh theater music was to intertwine two types of Japanese folk music.
		The first form was the Sarugaku, the more countryside lower-class form of music in Japan.And assimilated into the Sarugaku was the Dengaku, the more theatre aspect of Noh music, this contained more of the acting and aerobics that is mixed into the singing of the Sarugaku.
		Current Noh music is what people believe that the Sarugaku and the Dengaku would sound like if they were mixed. Around the fifteen century a playwright in his own time was born, his name was Zeami.
	www.ccs.neu.edu /home/sheky/papers/japanese_noh_theatre_music.doc (1483 words)

	Class times for the British Football Academy Tokyo
		Sarugaku is located in the heart of Tokyo and easily accessible from Shibuya, Hiroo, Ebisu, Roppongi and Azabu-Juban areas.
		The stunning all-weather surface is possibly the safest playing surface for children to practice and improve their football on and the British Football Academy are delighted to have access to such a high-quality sports field.
		In the event of light rain sessions will continue as normal, if the weather is exceptionally bad, then please contact us at: info@footyjapan.com for real-time scheduling information.
	www.footyjapan.com /bfat/pages/venuesarugaku.html (161 words)

	Masks Of Japan
		Sarugaku originally was a repertoir of performance arts from China, which included acrobatics, juggling, miming and conjuring.
		By the 11th century, comedic sketches were incorporated into the set of performances and the acrobatics were phased out the repertory.
		By the end of the 13th century, sarugaku guilds began to be established, which would form the basis of the noh tradition.
	www.yoshinoantiques.com /masks.html (2801 words)

	Japan - Kyogen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		This gradually changed into sarugaku, or "monkey music", which combined the court jester's activities with acrobatics, juggling, tumbling, singing and recitation.
		Gradually, both dengaku and sarugaku became linked to various national shrines, with sarugaku gradually becoming more of a stage-play type thing by the 14th century.
		One of the main founders of Noh, Kwanami, named the comic element of plays kyogen, or "mad words." His son, Zeami, refined the concept by noting that the comedy should not be of a vulgar nature, and should be subtle in character.
	www.bookmice.net /darkchilde/japan/jkyogen.html (507 words)

	Amazon.com: "sarugaku troupes": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		Whatever might have been the contribution of the shushi and their relationship to the sarugaku professionals, it is safe to...
		Three other sarugaku troupes performed in the province of Omi, and there were troupes of dengaku and ennen.
		The third shogun, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (1358-1408), the patron of the noh theater, was a bridge from monastic chigo to sarugaku troupes.
	www.amazon.com /phrase/sarugaku-troupes (463 words)

	[No title]
		They originated from ninth century China, as a component of sangaku, which was the name for a large collection of performing arts that included “juggling, acrobatics, and magic.” (Varley 2000, 113).
		The art of sangaku eventually evolved into sarugaku, or ‘monkey music,’ which was the roots from which the modern noh theatre developed.
		He introduced elements of dengaku and shushi, or incantation (Japan Arts Council 2004), with bugaku, a type of Chinese dance done to “elegant music” (Varley 2000, 113), with sarugaku to form the foundations of noh.
	www.angelfire.com /dbz/turtle/Japan/theatre.html (1893 words)

	Amazon.com: "sarugaku performers": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		Got shows that sarugaku performers, who had lost the protection of the court and still wanted to avoid the hard labor in the fields and...
		These sarugaku performers are no better than beggars, but because this boy waits on the Shogun and is esteemed by him, everyone favors...
		By late Heian troupes of professional sarugaku performers were developing dramatic plots and story lines and incorporating imayo songs and shirabyoshi dances that enhanced their audience appeal.
	www.amazon.com /phrase/sarugaku-performers (425 words)

	Kyogen
		Kyogen is the comic compliment to Noh, although the word "kyogen", which expresses the idea of "the madness of language", is also used to refer to theatrical perfomances in general, such as "kabuki kyogen" etc.
		Both Kyogen and Noh originate from an eclectic style of performance called Sangaku, which, like everything else, was introduced to Japan from China and came to be known as Sarugaku ("monkey business"?).
		Sarugaku split into "hongei" (farcical stuff, mixed with shinto performances)and "nogei" (tragical stuff with music and dance thrown in for good measure).
	www.hirohurl.net /kyogen.html (796 words)

	Matsuri and Street Plays
		This was at first prohibited by the Government, as it seemed a discourteous imitation of floats already being used in Imperial ceremonies; but as a disaster came upon the city the prohibition was removed, and the Dengaku player with his acrobatic feats contributed greatly to the popularity of the festival.
		The enrichment of this matsuri continued until there were floats for musicians, for the dancing of Kuse mae, and primitive Sarugaku, as well as for Dengaku.
		The nobility and members of the Royal family watched the procession from a special reviewing-stand; and even the Emperor sent his ceremonial greetings.
	www.theatrehistory.com /asian/japanese001.html (2191 words)

	masks
		The masks that have been talked about above were the early masks of Japan.
		Noh masks were created from the traditions of sarugaku, dengaku, and many other rituals.
		Sarugaku was originally a combination of performances from China and some of them were acrobatics, juggling, and miming.
	library.thinkquest.org /05aug/00717/pages/masks.html (1095 words)

	‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡ Cyber hahoedong Tal Museum ‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡
		Sanak are largely composed of three types of contents, which are comic mimicry, acrobatics such as pole feat, rope walking, Mudong and diabolo play, and magic.
		In the age of the Southern and Northern Dynasty(1336-1392), Sarugaku play groups occurred in each region, among which Yujakijwa, Sarugaku in Yamato, was led by Gannami1333-1384) who was an outstanding artist.
		Previous Sarugaku No-o had been focused on lowly excitement, but Jeami revised it in accord with both high and low tastes.
	www.mask.or.kr /english/sub2/sub5_3.asp (422 words)

	Asian theater free essays
		A performing genre called sarugaku was one of the traditions.
		Kan’ami and his son Zeami were both actors and playwrights who transformed sarugaku into the Noh, which is still performed the same today as it was then.
		Kan’ami introduced the music and dance elements of the kuse-mai into the sarugaku, and this attracted the attention of the shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu.
	www.needfreeessays.com /viewpaper/74122.html (264 words)

	Kyogen -- Other Theatrical Portrayals of Dwarf Potted Trees
		These eventually gave rise to sarugaku, a form of mime and magical technique introduced on the occasion of a Shinto festival to entertain the deities, and also to dengaku ("rustic music" or "field performance"), primitive dance or prayer within a specially marked-off area for divine favor on the crops.
		From these came sarugaku-no-noh, "performance of sarugaku " or simply noh, which eventually meant "accomplished performance of a lyric drama developed from sarugaku." In the fourteenth century, a spoken dialogue was added, recalling certain legends or celebrating the exploits of popular heroes.
		Now, as an outcome of the comic element of sarugaku, kyogen arose as one-act comic interludes of slight construction.
	www.phoenixbonsai.com /Kyogen.html (894 words)

	Minbu Za Folk Dance
		Sangaku does not exist as a separate form, but, as Japan has done with other bits of Chinese culture, been assimilated into Japanese culture.
		Sangaku became Sarugaku, a lively form of dance which was performed at various social functions.
		Sarugaku eventually, around the 10th century, became Noh theater, a combination of dance and theater.
	www.japanesefolkdance.org /MinbuFolkDance.htm (750 words)

	THE 3100 Theatre History Lecture Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		Topics: Religious roots, Zeami, Noh stage Terms: Kanami (1333-1384 Seami (or Zeami) (1363-1444) Dengaku Sarugaku Kagura Shinto song dance Shite (doer) Waki (assistant) Kwadensho Yugen Shogun Yoshimitsu Kyoto 5 categories Shin (god) Nan (man) Nyo (woman) Kyo (madness) Ki (demon) Hashigakari Atoza Kirido Shirasu I.
		Sarugaku - associated with Shinto Kagura song-dance; monkey music.
		1375 Shogun Yoshimitsu saw Kanami in a Sarugaku in a temple.
	www.nv.cc.va.us /home/etrumbull/theatre/japan.html (1946 words)

	Kamigatamai - a traditional Japanese dance form
		A song-and-dance drama that developed from the medieval sarugaku, the form was perfected in the Edo period (1615-1868), which marked 250 years of complete isolation from the rest of the world, during which time Japan's unique cultural heritage developed away from outside influences.
		In general terms this means any art involving spoken lines, but it usually refers to noh kyogen.
		Like Noh, it is an old art form whose origins lie in sarugaku: subject matter taken from daily life is treated in comic manner.
	www.mykerala.net /keiin/mai1.html (637 words)

	New Page 1
		Sarugaku was most likely influenced by the following and became the art form that Kanami and Zeami molded into N
		, 152) and entered the most superior social circles and "elevated and refined sarugaku to a dramatic art of great beauty and sublimity that could appeal to the most aristocratic of sensibilities" (
		Upon the death of Yoshimitsu in 1408, Zeami and his school of Nō suffered a temporary lapse in freedom due to the jealousy of those in the shogunate who resented the privileges the late shogun gave to Zeami.
	home.wlu.edu /~minera/anth230/NO/history.html (659 words)

	Zeami Criticism and Essays \| James R. Brandon (essay date 1994)
		Between the tenth and the thirteenth centuries, performers of a number of Japanese theatre forms vied for audience attention and for the patronage of Buddhist temples and the court in and around the important cities of Nara and Kyoto.
		Jugglers and acrobats, singers of epic romances, and players of various kinds of short plays and dances especially those known as dengaku, literally field music, and sarugaku, monkey music—were part of the theatre scene.
		Both dengaku and sarugaku troupes performed sketches, songs, and...
	www.enotes.com /drama-criticism/zeami/james-r-brandon-essay-date-1994 (166 words)

	History of Kyogen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		Kyogen is thought to have its roots in entertainment brought to Japan from China in the eighth century or earlier.
		This entertainment evolved into sarugaku in the following centuries, and by the early fourteenth century there was a clear distinction among sarugaku troupes between the performers of serious noh plays and those of the humorous kyogen.
		As a component of noh, kyogen received the patronage of the military aristocracy up until the time of the Meiji Restoration (1868).
	web-japan.org /factsheet/noh/kyogen_h.html (126 words)

	Windows on Asia
		Noh is the oldest existing form of theater, and though it can seem very inscrutable, Izumi Motoya is often refered to as the Prince of Noh, his sisters Junko and Miyake Tokuro, and Nomura Mansai.
		Noh grew out of combination of Chinese performing arts, known as sarugaku, and traditional Japanese dance called dengaku.
		Noh's present form dates from around the end of the 14th century when the main playwright/actors were Kannami and his son Zeami.
	www.asia.msu.edu /eastasia/Japan/culture.html (1222 words)

	The Noh Plays of Japan: Introduction
		(1) Sarugaku, a masquerade which relieved the solemnity of Shintō ceremonies.
		What we call Nō was at first called Sarugaku no Nō.
		These Sarugaku people are mere mendicants, but he treats them as if they were Privy Counsellors
	www.sacred-texts.com /shi/npj/npj05.htm (4395 words)

	Find in a Library: Zeami's talks on Sarugaku : an annotated translation of the Sarugaku dangi : with an introduction on ...
		Find in a Library: Zeami's talks on Sarugaku : an annotated translation of the Sarugaku dangi : with an introduction on Zeami Motokiyo
		Zeami's talks on Sarugaku : an annotated translation of the Sarugaku dangi : with an introduction on Zeami Motokiyo
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/2fc40aaf0f38e73da19afeb4da09e526.html (85 words)

	muromachi-p
		Kanami and Zeami completed to make Sarugaku-noh, which was a high quality theater.
		Sarugaku-noh was originated in Sarugaku that was also the prototype of both the Kyogen face and the Noh play, and Sarugaku-noh was a performance of mimicry and a comical action.
		Noh can be seen in Present time in Japan since it is one of traditional performance.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/prehistory/japan/muromachi/muromachi-p.htm (2557 words)

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