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Topic: Saturated hydrocarbon

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Alkane

List of alkanes

Alkene

Hentriacontane

Alkylbenzene

Octane

Butane

Hexane

Propane

Methane

List of organic compounds

Hydrocarbon

Ethane

Chemical formula

Double bond

	The MSDS HyperGlossary: Hydrocarbon
		An hydrocarbon is an organic chemical compound that is comprised only of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms.
		Hydrocarbons (or other organic molecules) that form a ring are called cyclic.
		Hydrocarbons and their chemical derivatives are often quite flammable.
	www.ilpi.com /msds/ref/hydrocarbon.html (786 words)

	Interpretation of Subsurface Hydrocarbon Shows; Tim T. Schowalter and Paul D. Hess; Search and Discovery Article ...
		Hydrocarbon residues are the result of bonding of hydrocarbons to solid mineral surfaces and/or the degradation of oil to an immobile viscous crude (e.g., by aerobic bacteria) or a burned-out carbonaceous residue.
		Hydrocarbons in kerogen indicate only that liquid oil or gas is potentially available to the system in the form of a hydrocarbon source rock, but indicate nothing about the release migration or the entrapment of liquid-producible oil or gas.
		Based on saturation of pore space, the only way to positively identify a type I continuous phase show would be to determine from cuttings, cores, or logs that the rock in question had a hydrocarbon saturation in excess of 35% for a sandstone reservoir or 55% for a carbonate reservoir.
	www.searchanddiscovery.net /documents/97017/article.htm (14324 words)

	[No title]
		Terpane and sterane compounds identified in the saturate fraction of the oil in the #6 Weber well Introduction The Lower Silurian regional oil and gas accumulation was named by Ryder and Zagorski (2003) for a 400-mi-long by 200-mi-wide hydrocarbon accumulation in the central Appalachian basin of the eastern United States and Ontario, Canada (Figure 1).
		The oil is initially saturated with gas at the separator pressure and foams from exsolution of the gas as it exits the sightglass drain.
		Gas chromatography of the whole oil, and the saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions, was performed with a Hewlett/Packard Model 6890 (HP6890) gas chromatograph with a 60 m x 0.32 mm x 0.25 µm DB-1 fused silica capillary column and a FID detector.
	pubs.usgs.gov /of/2003/of03-409/of03-409.txt (4357 words)

	Etch resistant pattern formation via interfacial silylation process - Patent 5166038
		R.sub.2 is a saturated hydrocarbon residue having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and
		R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a saturated hydrocarbon residue or an amino-substituted, saturated hydrocarbon residue, having 2 or 3 carbon atoms;
		R.sub.2 is a saturated hydrocarbon residue having 3 to 6 carbon atoms; and
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5166038.html (3384 words)

	Media Portfolio
		Hydrocarbons are organic compounds made only of C and H. Saturated hydrocarbons are those that have all single-bonded carbons.
		Methane is a saturated hydrocarbon that consists of a single carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms.
		Butane is a saturated hydrocarbon that consists of four carbon atoms bonded to ten hydrogen atoms.
	wps.prenhall.com /wps/media/objects/476/488316/ch18.html (5183 words)

	Chemistry : Chapter 11 : Identifying Alkanes and Hydrocarbons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Alkanes are a subcategory of hydrocarbons where each carbon is bonded to either another carbon or a hydrogen by single bonds.
		Saturated hydrocarbons have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms, that value is 2n + 2 (n = number of carbons).
		Since all saturated hydrocarbons are alkanes, this is also an alkane.
	www.wwnorton.com /chemistry/concepts/chapter11/ch11_1.htm (234 words)

	United States Patent: 6,365,687 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This invention relates to a process for copolymerizing unsaturated hydrocarbons of the formula CH.sub.2.dbd.CHR in which R is a saturated aliphatic radical with two or more carbon atoms or a cycloaliphatic radical, in the presence of a catalyst comprising a catalytic aluminum alkyl compound and a catalytic titanium halide compound.
		A process for preparing a copolymer comprising copolymerizing olefins comprising a monomeric vinyl hydrocarbon having the formula CH.sub.2.dbd.CHR wherein R is a saturated aliphatic radical having at least 2 carbon atoms or is a cycloaliphatic radical, in the presence of a catalyst comprising a catalytic aluminum alkyl compound and a catalytic titanium halide compound.
		The vinyl hydrocarbon or mixture containing it is preferably dried carefully and then pumped into the autoclave either in the liquid or gaseous phase, or as a mixture of both phases.
	www.dias.kvl.dk /kemi1954.html (5095 words)

	Max Planck Society -- Research News Release
		Hexadecane, a hydrocarbon consisting of 16 carbon atoms and 34 hydrogen atoms, was converted (with participation of water in the reaction) to methane and carbon dioxide.
		Methane is the simplest hydrocarbon, consisting of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms.
		It is concluded that saturated hydrocarbons are part of the hitherto largely unknown compounds that sustain microbial life in deep, old sediments.
	www.mpg.de /english/illustrationsDocumentation/documentation/pressReleases/1999/news40_99.htm (597 words)

	saturated hydrocarbon@Everything2.com
		Counterexamples: Methane is a saturated hydrocarbon and has four hydrogens bonded to its carbon.
		Ethyne, formerly known as acetylene, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon, and has just one hydrogen on each carbon, as has the aromatic compound benzene.
		Isobutane, or 2-methyl-propane, is a fairly common branched saturated hydrocarbon.
	www.everything2.com /index.pl?node_id=426588 (160 words)

	Sample Methodology - Organic Geochemistry Laboratory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The asphaltene fraction of an oil or bitumen may be removed by precipitation in a light hydrocarbon solvent such as pentane or iso-octane followed by filtration.
		Just as the sample completely moves down on to the alumina, elute with the same saturated hydrocarbon solvent that the column was packed with (typically iso-octane).
		After successful gas chromatography of saturate and aromatic fraction is complete (optional analyses), completely evaporate the solvent in the fractions using a nitrogen stream under a fume hood or using a rotary vacuum evaporator.
	energy.cr.usgs.gov /other/oglab/method.htm (5596 words)

	Carburants propres et chimie du soufre/Clean Fuels and Thiochemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Although saturated hydrocarbons do not produce any UV or fluorescent response under usual analytical working conditions, they give a fluorescent emission signal when they are spotted onto a silica gel TLC plate, previously impregnated with berberine sulfate and the system is irradiated using 365 nm-UV light.
		This fluorescent response depends on the mass and structure of the saturated hydrocarbon.
		Detection in UV for the PAHs and in fluorescence for the saturated compounds.
	catalyse.univ-lyon1.fr /cps3d.htm (337 words)

	GEOCHEMICAL GLOSSARY
		ALKANE - A hydrocarbon in which the valence of all the carbon atoms is satisfied by single bonds, a characteristic that chemists have termed saturated.
		This term is commonly used to denote an aliphatic hydrocarbon moiety which is bonded at a specific point in a chemical structure e.g., the alkyl side-chain in steranes.
		SATURATED HYDROCARBONS - A saturated hydrocarbon is one in which the valences of all the carbon atoms is satisfied by single bonds.
	www.rwth-aachen.de /lek/Ww/geochemical_glossary.htm (7795 words)

	World Intellectual Property Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		carbon atoms which is saturated or unsaturated, including from one to four ethylenic or acety- lenic unsaturations, linear or optionally branched, including from one to four methyl branches, and optionally substituted by from one to three hydroxyl groups.
		is a hydrocarbon chain having from 7 to 13 carbon atoms and R2 is a hydrocarbon chain having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms.
		Use according to claim 9 or 10, wherein Ri is a linear hydrocarbon chain having 9 carbon atoms and R2 is the chain of a saturated or unsaturated naturally occurring fatty acid.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=03/105822.031224&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (2442 words)

	ARCTIC PENETRATION TEST SYSTEMS
		Sands saturated with conductive fluids, such as saline water or landfill leachates, have a relatively high conductivity.
		Less pore fluid is required to fully saturate the pore space of a low porosity (dense) soil, resulting in lower soil electrical conductivity.
		Pore water pressure response is primarily controlled by the degree of saturation, potentiometric surface, compressibility and horizontal permeability of the penetrated soil (Reference 4).
	stratigraphics.com /papers/cptuec/cptuec.html (3126 words)

	Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science
		Although the Martin-Hou equation has been used for halogenated hydrocarbons (3), difficulties in its use have been encountered (2, 4), probably because this equation was not originally intended for use in the compressed liquid region at low reduced temperatures.
		For most of the fluids studied, the optimal value of the pseudo acentric factor is virtually independent of the temperature range of the vapor pressure data and is within the range of values of acentric factors reported in the literature (6, 7) and values obtained using estimation methods (6).
		Evaluation of the capability of the GMBWR equation for predictions of the saturated thermodynamic properties of halogenated hydrocarbons was performed by comparing predicted and reported property values at the predicted vapor pressure at tabulated saturation temperatures.
	digital.library.okstate.edu /oas/oas_htm_files/v58/p77_80.html (1018 words)

	#1 Site For Learning Chemistry
		Hydrocarbons are made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms only.
		Hydrocarbons which contain two hydrogen atoms less than the corresponding alkanes are called alkenes or olefins.
		Hydrocarbons that have two carbon atoms in a triple bond are called alkynes.
	home.att.net /~cat6a/org_chem-I.htm (739 words)

	United States Patent Application: 0020026078
		The low-boiling hydrocarbon means usually a hydrocarbon having a boiling point ranging from 0 to 50.degree.
		[0070] The hydrogen atom-containing halogenated hydrocarbon as the blowing agent is used in an amount ranging usually from 5 to 100 parts, preferably from 10 to 80 parts by weight, to 100 parts by weight of the polyol.
		The low-boiling hydrocarbon as the blowing agent is used in an amount ranging usually from 1 to 40 parts, preferably from 1 to 30 parts by weight, to 100 parts by weight of the polyol.
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PG01&s1=20020026078.PGNR.&OS=DN/20020026078&RS=DN/20020026078 (4269 words)

	Sat Hydrocarbons
		Every carbon in a saturated hydrocarbon has a tetrahedral geometry--Four atoms spread into a tetrahedral shape around the carbon.
		Saturated means that it is saturated with hydrogens.
		If there are 5 carbons there are 25+2 hydrogens or 12 if it is a saturated* hydrocarbon.
	www.western.edu /faculty/jryter/chem101/Unit10/page1.htm (299 words)

	Organic Chemistry
		Any hydrocarbon containing a carbonyl on its end carbon is called an aldehyde, in which the alkanals are a homologous series.
		Any hydrocarbon containing a carbonyl on one of its middle carbons is called a ketone, in which the alkanones are a homologous series.
		This means that straight chain hydrocarbons are required, and the diesel fraction in crude oil is already adequate in quality and so only a little blending is required to achieve the correct boiling point of the fuel (higher boiling point than petrol).
	www.geocities.com /CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/5226/organic.html (2599 words)

	UNIT 9 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		These compounds are usually named from their corresponding hydrocarbons, but are not necessarily prepared directly from the hydrocarbon itself.
		For saturated hydrocarbons, reactions (except for combustion and thermal decomposition) necessarily involve replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms.
		Saturated hydrocarbons react readily with oxygen under conditions of combustion.
	dwb.unl.edu /Chemistry/LearningObjectives/NY09.html (1843 words)

	Bioremediation of oily sludge and soil and ground water pollution monitoring at Mathura Refinery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Out of the five bacterial strains, two strains degrade the saturated hydrocarbon fraction of oily sludge; the third strain degrades the NSO (nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen) containing hydrocarbon fraction of oily sludge; the fourth strain degrades aromatic and PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons); and, the fifth strain degrades the asphaltene fraction of oily sludge.
		In Block A the biodegradation of saturated hydrocarbons fraction was 54.8%, aromatic fraction was 31.2%, NSO fraction was 3.1% and asphaltene fraction was 4.60% in six months.
		In Block C, 95.6% TPH of oily sludge biodegraded in six months of which the degraded saturated hydrocarbon fraction was 54.7%, aromatic fraction was 33.7%, NSO fraction was 3.2%, and asphaltene fraction was 5.0%.
	www.teriin.org /reports/rep32/rep32.htm (565 words)

	Structure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Hydrocarbon: a compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen
		Saturated hydrocarbon: a hydrocarbon containing only single bonds
		Alkane: a saturated hydrocarbon whose carbons are arranged in a chain
	www.chem.utoronto.ca /coursenotes/CHM240Y/temp/lect4/tsld001.htm (28 words)

	Alkane -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The general formula for acyclic/linear alkanes, also known as (Click link for more info and facts about aliphatic) aliphatic hydrocarbons is C
		The prefix depends on the number of carbon atoms in the molecule and on any branched chains that may be attached.
		Here is an example of cracking with butane CH 1st possibility (48%): breaking is done on the CH bond.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/al/alkane.htm (997 words)

	[No title]
		hydrocarbon with double bonds hydrocarbon with triple bonds saturated hydrocarbon unsaturated hydrocarbon 10.
		A very large organic molecule made up of chain of smaller molecules is called a monomer polymer saturated hydrocarbon substituted hydrocarbon 15.
		The classes of polymers found in all living things are vitamins and minerals halogen compounds, alcohols, organic acids, and esters simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids 16.
	ctap295.ctaponline.org /~ssinclai/CCtest.doc (319 words)

	Summary wibren
		A compounds with fully or partly saturated, semirigid hydrocarbon bridges in solution and in the solid state.
		The aim of Part I (Chapters 2 to 4) is to determine how and to which extent non-conjugated double bonds in an otherwise saturated hydrocarbon bridge affect the rate of forward and backward electron transfer and other photophysical processes.
		In Chapter 2 the influence of a double bond in the saturated hydrocarbon bridge on the photophysical properties of the N,N -dialkylanilino group is investigated.
	www.chem.uu.nl /foc/summary_wibren.html (1131 words)

	Rule A-3. Unsaturated Compounds and Univalent Radicals (ACYCLIC HYDROCARBONS)
		3.1 - Unsaturated unbranched acyclic hydrocarbons having one double bond are named by replacing the ending "-ane" of the name of the corresponding saturated hydrocarbon with the ending "-ene".
		When, in cyclic compounds or their substitution products, the locants of a double bond differ by unity, only the lower locant is cited in the name; when they differ by more than unity, one locant is placed in parentheses after the other (see Rules A-31.3 and A-31.4).
		If there are two or more chains competing for selection as the chain with the maximum number of unsaturated bonds, then the choice goes to (1) that one with the greatest number of carbon atoms; (2) the number of carbon atoms being equal, that one containing the maximum number of double bonds.
	www.acdlabs.com /iupac/nomenclature/79/r79_53.htm (536 words)

	Applications - Stable Isotope Rations of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur and Carbon 14 Dating. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Individual hydrocarbons in a gas sample are separated by GC and each peak is combusted in an on-line oxidizing furnace to CO2 and H2O.
		Individual hydrocarbons in bulk samples are separated by GC and each peak is combusted in an on-line oxidizing furnace to CO2 and H2O.
		Bulk samples of hydrocarbon are combusted with pure oxygen in an elemental analyzer and passed through various oxidation and reduction reactors to produce a CO2 + N2 mixture or H2.
	www.zymaxisotope.com /applicationpages.asp (2119 words)

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