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Philip Glass

Satyagraha

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	Satyagraha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Satyagraha is the philosophy of nonviolent resistance most famously employed by Mohandas Gandhi in forcing an end to the British Raj and also against apartheid in South Africa.
		Satyagraha, to be genuine, may be offered against parents, against one's wife or one's children, against rulers, against fellow-citizens, even against the whole world.
		I often used 'passive resistance' and 'satyagraha' as synonymous terms: but as the doctrine of satyagraha developed, the expression 'passive resistance' ceases even to be synonymous, as passive resistance has admitted of violence as in the case of suffragettes and has been universally acknowledged to be a weapon of the weak.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Satyagraha (1055 words)

	Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		---- Satyagraha (Sanskrit: truth + grasp/hold) is the philosophy of non-violent resistance most famously employed by Mohandas Gandhi in forcing an end to the British Raj and also against apartheid in South Africa.
		Translators have rendered the word satyagraha as "civil disobedience", "passive resistance", "truth force", or "the willingness to endure great personal suffering in order to do what's right".
		Gandhi said: :In the application of Satyagraha, I discovered, in the earliest stages, that pursuit of Truth did not admit of violence being inflicted on one's opponent, but that he must be weaned from error by patience and sympathy.
	www.stylokna.pl /wikipedia/index.php?title=satyagraha (1015 words)

	DVD Times - Satyagraha
		Satyagraha was the second in a trilogy of operas he composed based on the lives of famous figures whose contribution to science, politics and religion have shaped the modern world we live in.
		Satyagraha is based on key events in the life of Mohandas Gandhi.
		Due to the demands the opera places on the orchestra and the singers and its limited appeal compared to another La Traviata or Marriage of Figaro, you are unlikely to see it performed at your local theatre or opera house or even at Covent Garden anytime soon.
	www.dvdtimes.co.uk /content.php?contentid=6503 (1324 words)

	Satyagraha: read reviews
		Satyagraha's relative independence from the internecine Indian raga-like patterns of the composer's other long-form work is particularly ironic given the opera's subject: Mahatma Ghandi, whose native country's ritual culture and spiritual heritage have long informed Glass's music.
		Pointedly, the opera is an international affair, each of its three acts referencing a major cultural figure: Leo Tolstoy, Rabindranath Tagore, and Martin Luther King Jr.
		This opera, though, has one thing that neither of the other two (or, god help us, his chamber opera) have is a certain purity.
	www.telot.us /Satyagraha-52377992134472213850.aspx (941 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Satyagraha (Sanskrit: truth + grasp/hold) is the philosophy of non-violent resistance most famously employed by Mahatma Gandhi in forcing an end to the British Raj.
		Satyagraha in pursuit of truth October 2005 Editorial Comment The month of October is a month when we remember...
		Satyagraha Sanskrit term (literally, truth-force) used by Gandhi for the practice of non-violence in the face of...
	satyagraha.iqexpand.com (1311 words)

	Hinduism Today \| Sep 1989
		Opera is European and very Christian and satyagraha (Gandhian civil disobedience) is Indian and Hindu.
		The opera is three hours long, in Sanskrit and the text is entirely from the Bhagavad Gita." We park and walk toward the Opera House, passing the city's homeless bedding down for the night under some trees.
		Her role is Miss Schlesen, the Western woman who devotedly followed Gandhi and the satyagraha movement of the early 20th century in South Africa.
	www.hinduism-today.com /archives/1989/09/1989-09-05.shtml (832 words)

	James Wierzbicki / Philip Glass
		Imagine an opera about Jesus whose libretto consisted solely of aphorisms - in Hebrew - from the Old Testament; as is the case with ''Satyagraha,'' the text would in fact be a sub-text, submerged all the deeper by its realization in an ancient, arcane language.
		Whereas the typical opera tells a story, with a narrative line that flows more or less continuously from first curtain to last, ''Satyagraha'' and ''Akhnaten'' are somewhat static musical portraits of men whose ideas, Glass says, altered the course of history.
		Glass has said that the three operas, in spite of their differences in sound and format, were conceived as a trilogy; their unified goal, he said, was to celebrate men who in the face of opposition managed to alter the course of history by the strength of their ideas alone.
	pages.sbcglobal.net /jameswierzbicki/glass.htm (5832 words)

	MusicTeachers.co.uk Online Journal - Reviews - DVD review of Philip Glass: Satyagraha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Perhaps I should not gripe for such is the thrust of opera programming in this country it is unlikely we shall ever get to see a live performance of this work by a professional opera company.
		Satyagraha, literally 'truth and determination', was Ghandi's policy of passive resistance to imperial injustice.
		The opera takes as its central theme the political and racial manoeuvring played out by Ghandi in South Africa at the turn of the century.
	www.musicteachers.co.uk /journal/index.php?issue=2001-09&file=satyagraha (398 words)

	Einstein on the Beach - TheBestLinks.com - France, Opera, Philip Glass, 1976, ...
		Einstein on the Beach is an opera written by the minimalist composer Philip Glass and theatre director and designer Robert Wilson also containing writings by Christopher Knowles.
		The text of the opera consists of solfege syllables, numbers, and short segments of poetry.
		The opera became the first in a trilogy followed by Akhnaten (opera) and Satyagraha.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Einstein_on_the_Beach.html (192 words)

	Thomas Moore's Philip Glass Interview
		It's an opera which I wrote for the Netherlands Opera, so it uses an orchestra of around fifty, a chorus of forty, and there are about seven soloists.
		Satyagraha means truthful, so it was a name Gandhi used to describe his civil disobedience movement.
		And so, I think that relationship is kind of terminating and Dora's kind of picking up in that place, and I've worked with her before, so that's kind of...I've worked with her about three or four years, different recordings.
	research.umbc.edu /~tmoore/glass1.html (2193 words)

	Philip Glass - Galileo Galilei
		Conductor William Lumpkin, who helmed Zimmerman's Boston Lyric Opera production of Glass' Akhnaten (1984), was warmly responsive to the score, and projected that warmth and precision to his pit band, who, with only three rehearsals the previous weekend, made the music live and breathe.
		And the jubilant trio of Maria Madelena (mezzo Sarah Sheperd), Marie de' Medici (soprano Alicia Berneche again), and Duchess Christina (soprano Mary Wilson) were superb in Scene Nine: Presentation of The Telescope.
		The music of Galileo Galilei is tight, cannily constructed, and beautifully paced, and the opera's less than monumental size, could make it attractive to smaller houses, who should be able to cast it without resorting to big names.
	www.classical-music-review.org /reviews/Galileo.html (933 words)

	Keynsham Online : Shop : Music : Glass: Akhnaten - An Opera in Three Acts
		The Opera is well worth the money to buy but expect to skip tracks quite often as they are long, pointless and uninteresting musically.
		I listen to pieces from this opera extremely often, but I admit that most of it was listened to perhaps twice then put aside so if you want a full length engaging opera then this probably isn't the one for you.
		This is one of the best operas composed in the 20th century, and one of Glass's finest pieces.
	www.keynsham.co.uk /shop/ItemDetailB000086EPA.html (314 words)

	Philip Glass - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		He then collaborated on the first opera of his trilogy Einstein on the Beach with Robert Wilson.
		The trilogy was continued with Satyagraha, themed on the early life of Mahatma Gandhi and his experiences in South Africa, and was completed by a powerful vocal and orchestral composition in Akhnaten, which is sung in Akkadian, Biblical Hebrew, Ancient Egyptian and the language of the audience.
		Glass's work for theater includes many compositions for the group Mabou Mines, which he co-founded in 1970.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Philip_Glass (514 words)

	Tim Page
		Glass kept the opera's text in the original Sanskrit, in an attempt to avoid upsetting the rhythm of what is, of course, a sacred text.
		Satyagraha was completed in early 1980 and received its first performance in Rotterdam that September.
		In this regard, it is possible that the company could even influence the MET Opera's programming, which is now also venturing into American opera.
	www.geocities.com /glasssatyagraha/timpage.htm (2178 words)

	Positions I
		For instance to recall that Glass' opera, Einstein on the Beach, was performed at the Metropolitan Opera House in 1976, the year in which the opera was written, after more than 30 successful performances abroad.
		His third opera, Akhnaten, had its American premiere in 1984 at the New York City Opera and was performed some 20 times within six months.
		Glass' second opera, Satyagraha, however, was scored for a more conventional orchestra: strings, woodwinds, organ, six solo singers, and a chorus of forty.
	www.cobussen.com /proefschrift/500_john_zorn/520_positions_I/positions_I.html (3853 words)

	Amazon.com: Philip Glass - Satyagraha / Davis, Goeke, Harster, Danninger: DVD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The music in this opera is superb, I have the soundtrack and listen to it often.
		The quality of the video is horrible (it skips from time to time, and it is not the DVD skipping), the image is sometimes blurry and sloppy, the camera takes are rather bad, never really showing the whole action on stage or specific important details.
		Satyagraha though is not agitating but rather beautiful.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/B00005R5HF?v=glance (2265 words)

	Philip Glass - Satyagraha
		In any case, the opera emphasizes especially this aspect of Gandhi's work, particularly because the scenes show events (in a non-chronological way), which happened during Gandhi's time in South-Africa.
		In "Einstein on the Beach" it was the content of the texts and their reference to the performance which seems to be sometimes unintelligible.
		Now in "Satyagraha" it is the language itself: Glass and his librettist, Constance DeJong, chose parts of the "Bhagavad-Gita" in its original language, the classical Sanskrit.
	www.glasspages.org /satyagraha.html (347 words)

	iClassics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		I had been commissioned by The Netherlands Opera for Satyagraha, and Dennis became interested and said, "Yeah, I’ll do it." That was the beginning of our many collaborations.
		Satyagraha was the first piece using orchestra that I had written in a long time.
		In the late 1980s, after Dennis Russell Davies knew me as an opera composer, he said, "I’m not going to let you be one of those opera composers that never writes a symphony." The "Low" Symphony was first, which Dennis performed and recorded.
	www.iclassics.com /featureArticle?contentId=492 (966 words)

	PhilipGlass.com: Recordings: Glass Organ Works
		For all the formal clarity and near-mathematical rigor of his aesthetic, Philip Glass is on some fundamental level a neo-Romantic, owing at least as much to Richard Wagner as to such acknowledged influences as Virgil Thomson and John Cage.
		The finale from Glass's opera Satyagraha (1980) has been transcribed and arranged by Michael Riesman, a composer, conductor, and long-time keyboard player for the Philip Glass Ensemble.
		Essentially tracing an unadorned Phrygian mode repeated in groups of three against a background of subtly shifting harmonics, it brings the long and beautiful opera to a proportionate close.
	www.philipglass.com /html/recordings/glass-organ-works.html (682 words)

	IN THE PENAL COLONY
		Einstein was soon followed by two more operas (Satyagraha and Akhnaten), forming a trilogy of what I regard as "portrait" operasÑmusical dramatic portraits of powerful personalities who have engaged my attention at particular times.
		If traditional opera is understood to rely on the principles of overstatement, plasticity, and melodrama, there seems to be something that is necessarily anti-melodramatic, anti-plastic, that is vivid and opaque about these works at the same time and prepares this work to be botched by the dramaturgy of 19th century opera.
		Opera as it is understood today began as a theoretical experiment.
	www.courttheatre.org /home/plays/0001/penal/PNpenal.shtml (8757 words)

	Amazon.ca: Music: Glass: Organ Works (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		"Satyagraha" es casi una curiosidad escucharla en este instrumento.
		Philip Glass has a reputation as a minimalist, but there is something maximalist--in fact, something downright grand--about the simple structures and intricate repetitions of these pieces.
		The excerpt from "Satyagraha" (hope I spelled that correctly) is so grand that it seems like coronation music; it also says its say relatively quickly, making it perhaps the best introduction to Glass for the uninitiated.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/B000003EL3 (547 words)

	Comments on 10325 \| Ask MetaFilter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		I want to add this: there is a lot of opera that I have listened to in the past that was boring to me or failed to move me. Those same operas, though, when seen on the stage take on an entirely new meaning.
		In the modern opera vein, I highly recommend minimalist composer John Adams' Nixon In China.
		Each opera you listen to will link you to another, and here's an anecdote to demonstrate: At the MET 2003 season, I was extremely moved by Cherubino's aria Voi che sapete from Mozart's Nozze di Figaro.
	ask.metafilter.com /mefi/10325 (3316 words)

	Night Snow at Kambara
		Satyagraha is part of Glass' famous trilogy of operas, and it's about Gandhi.
		This is the final aria that concludes the opera, and what an aria it is. The tenor has a heartbreaking voice, and this song moved me to tears several times over.
		This is from her only opera, and is probably the weirdest song in my collection.
	www.livejournal.com /users/yadoking (1857 words)

	D\|MA . Events . Calendar
		Among the opera companies with whom he has collaborated: the Vienna Stattsoper, the English National Opera in London, the Paris Opera, the Metropolitan Opera, the Los Angeles Opera, and the San Francisco Opera.
		His complete designs for the opera "Satyagraha" by Philip Glass were acquired by the Museum of Modern Art, New York.
		He is currently working on designs for the Alben Berg's opera "Lulu" for the National Opera in Tokyo, and "Peter Grimes" for the Zurich Opera.
	www.design.ucla.edu /events/calendar.php?ID=339 (350 words)

	SONY BMG MUSIC ENTERTAINMENT :: Australia :: CD Releases
		Satyagraha (Opera In Three Acts)(act I - Tolstoy.
		Satyagraha (Opera In Three Acts)(act Ii - Tagore.
		Satyagraha (Opera In Three Acts) (Act Iii - King.
	www.sonymusic.com.au /cd/releaseDetails.do?catalogueNo=SM3K87973 (53 words)

	::Pinnacle Arts Management::
		He is best known for his universally acclaimed portrayal of Mahatma Gandhi in Philip Glass' opera Satyagraha, in which he made his European debut in the world premiere of this work with Netherlands Opera.
		Engagements for the 2004-2005 Season included a return to Indianapolis Opera as Arturo and Normanno in Lucia di Lammermoor, Goro in Madama Butterfly with Florida Grand Opera and Portland Opera, and Beadle in Sweeney Todd with The Princeton Festival.
		A frequent guest with Florida Grand Opera, he has appeared there as Arnalta in L'incoronazione di Poppea, Orlovsky in Die Fledermaus, Goro in Madama Butterfly, the Four Servants in Les Contes d'Hoffmann, Pang and Pong in Turandot, Borsa in Rigoletto, Schmidt in Werther, Guillot in Manon and Missail in Boris Godunov.
	www.pinnaclearts.com /artist.php?id=537 (501 words)

	Philip Glass - Satyagraha / Davis, Goeke, Harster, Danninger DVD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This German account of his opera Satyagraha, which dramatizes Mahatma Gandhi's political struggles in South Africa, has certainly been long in coming.
		This DVD should be used in University courses to illustrate how an inept director can ruin a magnificent work of art.
		There was no thought behind it- the director simply puked a bunch of unrelated and trite ideas and images (I'm sure he thought they were clever and profound- please don't be fooled.
	www.moviefolio.com /item.cfm/attr/511476-16176 (509 words)

	The SanFrancisco Opera
		presented Satyagraha in 1989 on June 3rd, and then repeated on June 5th, 7th, and 9th and on June 11th.
		Tenor Douglas Perry as Ghandi and soprano Claudia Cummings as his secretary, Miss Schlesen, are pictured here in the last scene of Philip Glass's Satyagraha.
		The work opens June 3 in the War Memorial Opera House and is repeated on June 5, 7, and 9 at 8 PM on June 11 at 2 PM.
	www.geocities.com /glasssatyagraha/sanfranopera.htm (147 words)

	Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Eisenstein's incompetent lawyer in Die Fledermaus (1873-74), a stock figure in opera buffa and, here, operatic operetta.
		is the protagonist of Philip Glass's political opera Satyagraha (1978-80).
		Bernard Herrmann's scoring for the film version might as well have been opera too.
	rolsenlaw.tripod.com /pr03.htm (490 words)

	BAM's 2003 Next Wave Festival presents in New Yok Enrique Morente in 'Omega'
		The Festival originated as a fall series entitled "The Next Wave/New Masters." In November 1981, Philip Glass' new opera, 'Satyagraha', was presented as one of four productions under the Next Wave moniker.
		Pieces that previously had been presented in downtown lofts and small "fl box" theaters were staged in the exquisite 2,100-seat BAM Opera House (recently renamed the Howard Gilman Opera House), a renovated 1,000-seat playhouse (the Helen Carey Playhouse, now home to BAM Rose Cinemas), and a flexible 300-seat performance venue (the Lepercq Space).
		BAM 2003 Next Wave Festival is sponsored by Altria Group, Inc. Programming in the BAM Howard Gilman Opera House is supported and endowed by The Howard Gilman Foundation.
	www.flamenco-world.com /noticias/omega.htm?vshopferca=0e8f29c9c9b5e29628fc6ca101ed83fe (482 words)

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