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Topic: Saurischian

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Herbivore

	SAURISCHIAN DINOSAURS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The saurischians or "lizard-hipped" dinosaurs are named for a hip girdle comprised of 3 main bones arranged like most reptiles - the pubis (the front bone) pointed forward in most but not all saurischians.
		Two main saurischian suborders evolved - the 2 legged, flesh eating theropods (beast feet), and the 4 legged, mostly plant-eating sauropodomorphs (lizard feet).
		It is likely that both the saurischians and ornithischians had the same ancestor, perhaps related directly to the late Triassic dinosaurs such as Staurikosaurus, Eoraptor and Herrerasaurus.
	www.dinoruss.org /de_4/5c52b56.htm (211 words)

	Dinosaur Halls \| Elementary School Teacher's Guide
		Saurischian dinosaurs include the plant-eating sauropods and the carnivorous theropods.
		This bone is the long one that extends way out to the left — which would be toward the rear of the dinosaur — and is called the pubis.
		Scientists cannot pinpoint events that occurred in that period on a year-to-year basis, so they are unable to determine whether it was the asteroid impact or the volcanic activity, or both, that killed off the dinosaurs.
	www.amnh.org /education/teachersguides/dinosaurs/atthemuseum.html (2001 words)

	Saurischian dinosaurs
		The first saurischian dinosaurs looked very similar to the cursorial crocodile-like animals that are assumed to be their immediate ancestors.
		One of the things about the saurischian dinosaurs that sets them apart from the ornithischians is that they acquired and retained long necks.
		Saurischians also developed manus digit II as the longest, unlike ornithischians which retained the primitive state of digit III longest.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /~jwright/Dinos/WebWhatDinos/SaurischianTher.htm (2739 words)

	MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Dinosaur
		This dinosaur was a type of saurischian and was a member of the plant-eating prosauropods, which were related to ancestors of the giant, long-necked sauropods that included the Apatosaurus.
		Discovered in Argentina in 1992, the Eoraptor was an early saurischian, 1 m (3 ft) long, with a primitive skull.
		By the middle of the Jurassic Period, around 180 million years ago, most of the basic varieties of saurischian and ornithischian dinosaurs had appeared, including some that far surpassed modern elephants in size.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /text_761573347___7/Dinosaur.html (291 words)

	Saurischians bibliography
		Colbert, E. H., 1970, A saurischian dinosaur from the Triassic of Brazil: American Museum of Natural History Novitates, v.
		Galton, P. M., 1977, On Staurikosaurus pricei, an early saurischian dinosaur from the Triassic of Brazil, with notes on the Herrerasauridae and Poposauridae: Palontologische Zeitschrift, v.
		Gauthier, J., 1987, Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds: Memoirs of the California Academy of Science, v.
	www.talkorigins.org /origins/biblio/saurischians.html (321 words)

	Saurischian Dinosaurs - Enchanted Learning Software
		The Saurischian dinosaurs (Order Saurischia) were the ancestors of birds.
		Saurischian skulls also have large, pronounced openings (antorbital fenestrae) between the eye socket and the nares (nostrils), much more so than the ornithischians.
		The Saurischians are divided into the sauropodomorpha, four-legged herbivores, and the theropods, two-legged carnivores.
	www.zoomdinosaurs.com /subjects/dinosaurs/dinoclassification/Saurischian.html (214 words)

	Encyclopedia: Jurassic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		All these belong to the "lizard hipped" or saurischian branch of the dinosaurs.
		In contrast, Ornithischian dinosaurs were less predominant, although some like stegosaurs and small ornithopods played important roles as small and medium-to-large (but not sauropod large) herbivores.
		Families Brachiosauridae Camarasauridae Cetiosauridae Diplodocidae Euhelopodidae Nemegtosauridae Titanosauridae Vulcanodontidae Sauropoda, the sauropods, are a suborder or infraorder of the saurischian (lizard-hipped) dinosaurs.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Jurassic (2180 words)

	The Saurischia
		The saurischian, or "lizard-hipped" dinosaurs, like all other tetrapods, had pelves (hips) composed of three elements: the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
		What distinguishes saurischians (among other major characteristics; including a grasping hand, asymmetrical fingers, and a long, mobile neck) is the pubis that points downward and forward at an angle to the ischium, as you can see here:
		The Theropoda were bipedal carnivores (meat eaters), ranging from the chicken-sized Compsognathus and the fearsome Deinonychus and Velociraptor to the crested Dilophosaurus and the gigantic Tyrannosaurus.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /diapsids/saurischia/saurischia.html (188 words)

	DinoDatabase.com :: Discovery and Classification \| Classification
		The saurischian pubis juts forward, and its ischium points backward.
		The reason for the confusion is that although the division by pelvic structure is valid, the resemblance of the ornithischian pelvis to that of modern birds is only superficial.
		As we have said, the famous carnivorous dinosaurs were from the saurischian order; the largest herbivorous dinosaurs were also from this order.
	www.dinodatabase.com /dinoclas01.asp (288 words)

	TrueAuthority.com - Dinosaurs - About The Animals
		In one order, almost all dinosaurs have hipbones somewhat like those of other kinds of reptiles, so they are known as saurischians (saw RIHS kee uhnz), or "lizard hips." In the other order, dinosaurs have hipbones that are more like those of birds.
		Saurischian dinosaurs, again, were characterized by a lizard-like pelvis, with a single bone projecting down and back from each side of the hips.
		This pelvis construction was similar to that of other ancient reptiles but, unlike other reptiles, saurischians had stronger backbones, no claws on their outer front digits, and forelimbs that were usually much shorter than the hind limbs.
	www.trueauthority.com /dinosaurs/about.htm (2115 words)

	Dinosaurs! - Introduction
		Both Saurischian and Ornithischian dinosaurs likely evolved from the same distant ancestor.
		Below is a diagram showing the skeletal differences between Saurischian and Ornithischian dinosaurs.
		Saurischian dinosaurs encompassed 2 suborders: theropods and sauropodomorphs.
	www.geocities.com /CapeCanaveral/Hall/2830/intro.htm (496 words)

	Dinosaur Classification - Enchanted Learning Software
		The pubis bone (part of the structure of the hip) points downwards and to the front in the Saurischians and points downwards and toward the tail in Ornithischians (opisthopubic condition).
		(Saurischians) had a hip structure similar to that of lizards.
		The oldest known dinosaurs are Saurischians from the mid-Triassic period, about 230 million years ago.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/dinosaurs/dinoclassification (340 words)

	Fossil Halls \| American Museum of Natural History
		Together, the Hall of Saurischian Dinosaurs and the Hall of Ornithischian Dinosaurs continue the story of vertebrate evolution with the single largest collection of real dinosaur fossils in the world.
		Organized to reflect evolutionary relationships, the Hall of Saurischian Dinosaurs examines the branches of dinosaurs that possess the trait of a grasping hand.
		Two exhibits are on display in the corridor between the Hall of Vertebrate Origins and the Hall of Saurischian Dinosaurs.
	www.amnh.org /exhibitions/permanent/fossilhalls/virtualtours (1140 words)

	Medical imaging shows dinosaur heart more like bird's or mammal's than reptile's
		Although their name indicates otherwise, the saurischian, or "lizard-hipped," dinosaurs are actually the ones that many researchers suspect eventually gave rise to birds.
		Therefore it might be concluded that the ancestors to both ornithiscian and saurischian dinosaurs also had advanced hearts and high metabolisms.
		The age difference between Willo and the ancestral dinosaurs is so great, however, that four-chambered hearts may also have arisen independently in the dinosaurean to bird lineage and in ornithiscians, the researchers say.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2000-04/AAft-Misd-2004100.php (746 words)

	Morphology of the Dinosauria
		In saurischian dinosaurs, this bone points toward the front of the animal, and flares into a keel at the forward end.
		The etymology behind the two names ("bird-hipped" vs. "lizard-hipped") is rather confusing, since some saurischians had bird-like hips, and ornithischians' hips were somewhat birdlike due to convergent evolution, not due to shared ancestry.
		Birds are apparently descended from saurischian dinosaurs, but have a reversed pubis like ornithischians do.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /diapsids/dinomm.html (446 words)

	Switchback Fair \| Encyclopedia Switchbackia \| Dinosaurs
		Dinosaurs came in two varieties: the saurischians (lizard-hipped) and the ornithischians (bird-hipped).
		The number in brackets at the end of each description indicates their coolness rating out of ten.
		Tyrannosaurus rex was a large, bipedal, carnivorous saurischian that enjoyed jazz and fine cigars.
	www.switchbackfair.co.uk /encyclopedia/dinosaurs.php (1014 words)

	Bird - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Evidence for this theory is currently inconclusive, but digs continue to unearth fossils (especially in China) of the strange feathered dromaeosaurs.
		It should be noted that although ornithischian (bird-hipped) dinosaurs share the same hip structure as birds, birds actually originated from the saurischian (lizard-hipped) dinosaurs, and thus arrived at their hip structure condition independently.
		In fact, the bird-like hip structure developed a third time among a peculiar group of theropods, the Therizinosauridae.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bird (2581 words)

	Untitled
		It was originally thought to be a theropod, one of the saurischian dinosaurs.
		It is now recognized to be an archosaur ("ruling reptile"), a group of animals which included the crocodilians (alligators and crocodiles), pterosaurs, and dinosaurs.
		Originally, Herrerasaurus was considered to be a dinosaur that was too primitive to be classified as either a saurischian or ornithischian dinosaur.
	www.suite101.com /print_article.cfm/4003/65747 (449 words)

	Kids Domain - Dinosaur Glossary R - Z
		There are 2 types of saurischians: theropods and sauropods.
		A group of herbivorous, quadrapedal, saurischian dinosaurs that have extremely long necks and whip-tails.
		A group of carnivorous, bipedal, saurischian dinosaurs that were fast-moving and intelligent.
	www.kidsdomain.com /brain/dino/glos_R-Z.html (276 words)

	Saltopus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As small as it was, its carnivorous diet must have consisted primarily of scavenged carcasses or insects.
		It has been variously identified as a saurischian (lizard-hipped) dinosaur; a theropod (a fast-moving bipedal carnivore with clawed digits and hands on the forelimbs); and a close relative of the Herrerasaurus of the Herrerasauria infraorder, but its taxonomy is in dispute because only fragmentary remains have been recovered.
		It may also have been a lagosuchid (a primitive reptile from which the dinosaurs arose) or an ornithosuchian (closely related cousins of dinosaurs) instead of a true dinosaur.
	en.mcfly.org /Saltopus (190 words)

	ZOO 138 Classification and Natural History of Birds
		It is derived from Saurischian dinosaurs,that's the current understanding.
		Sothat serves to emphasize the fact that if it were not thepresence of the impressions of feathers, Archaeopteryx would beconsidered to be a somewhat unusual Saurischian dinosaur.
		ANATOMY: Now the anatomy of Archaeopteryx combines a number offeatures which are reptilian, some features which are clearlyavian and then some what we may say in hind-site are"missing" avian features in other words things that wehave come to expect to be parts of the avian skeleton that arenot found in Archaeopteryx.
	www.csupomona.edu /~dfhoyt/classes/zoo138/old_transcripts/OLD_CNHBIRD.HTML (6041 words)

	Rocky Road: Harry Govier Seeley
		The classification was based on the structure of the pelvis.
		The saurischians had lizard-like pelvic structures, and ornithischians had pelvic structures resembling those of birds.
		While Seeley's new classification certainly didn't keep the public from thinking of dinosaurs as a group, it was enormously influential among paleontologists.
	www.strangescience.net /seeley.htm (409 words)

	Utah in the Age of Dinosaurs - Utah Geological Survey
		They are found mainly in a rock unit known as the Morrison Formation which dates to approximately 150 million years ago.
		Dinosaurs are divided into two major groups, the saurischian, or "lizard-hipped", dinosaurs and the ornithichian, or "bird-hipped", dinosaurs.
		The saurischian dinosaurs include the herbivorous (plant eaters), quadrupedal sauropods and the carnivorous, bipedal theropods.
	geology.utah.gov /utahgeo/dinofossil/dinoage.htm (577 words)

	Classification of the dinosaurs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The saurischian dinosaurs include the largest land animals ever to have lived, such as Seismosaurus, which is estimate to have weighed up to 100 tonnes.
		The arrangement of bones in the saurischian hip is seen below.
		The bird hipped (or ornithischian) dinosaurs, as their name reflects, have a very similar hip structure to living birds.
	palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk /communication/boulton/classification.html (368 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - saurischian
		Dinosaur: Saurischian Dinosaurs, fossil evidence of the earliest dinosaurs, origins of the dinosaurs (chart), picture, types
		Saurischian dinosaurs were characterized by a primitive pelvis, with a single bone projecting down and back from each side of the hips.
		Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers--quickly search thousands of articles from magazines such as Time, Newsweek, The Atlantic Monthly, and Smithsonian.
	encarta.msn.com /saurischian.html (67 words)

	Learning Family at CEU Prehistoric Museum
		Well, the main thing I learned was the difference between the two major types of dinosaurs, the Ornithischian and Saurischian.
		In the saurischians, the front bone is pointing forward.
		It was hard to pronounce saurischian and ornithischian and.
	www.learningfamily.net /reiser/9809-nathisttour/7_ceu.htm (377 words)

	MEA592D Dinosaur Osteology: Lecture 4
		All of the specialized ornithischian groups (stegosaurs, ankylosaurs, ornithopods, pachycephalosaurs, ceratopsians) appeared after the end of the Triassic; the radiation was after (younger than) that of saurischians.
		Pisanosaurus is representative of stem ornithischians, and its similarities to saurischians are evidence of proximity to the common ancestor of dinosaurs
		After this high degree of bipedality is acquired, then the synapomorphies defining primitive saurischians and primtive ornithischians must have appeared.
	www4.ncsu.edu /~rjpatchu/paleobiology/Dino_Osteology/lect4.html (2789 words)

	Giganotosaurus, Amargasaurus & Argentinosaurus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The predator Giganotosaurus carolinii is hailed as stockier and bigger than Tyrannosaurus rex (but only by centimetres) and is reconstructed here with the latest information about skull shape (very similar to Carcharodontosaurus but with a double bony crest ridge on top of the snout).
		Amargasaurus can claim the title of Weirdest of all sauropods (the long necked elephantine saurischian dinosaurs) with its double 'sail' of elongated neck vertebrae that probably were covered by horny sheaths, giving it the appearance of porcupines.
		As we can see it was also rather small and belonged to a family of Diplodocids known as Dicraeosaurs.
	www.luisrey.ndtilda.co.uk /html/gigan256.htm (206 words)

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