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Topic: Sauropsida

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Synapsida

Tetrapod

Amphibian

Reptile

Scientific classification

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	Sauropsid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sauropsida is an amniote clade that includes all recent and all or almost all extinct reptiles (excluding the Synapsida), and birds.
		He also reinterpreted the Sauropsida and Theropsida to exclude birds and mammals respectively. Sauropsida thus came to refer to the Procolophonia, Eosuchia, Millerosauria, Cheloniana (turtles), Squamata (lizards and snakes), Rhynchocephalia, Crocodylia, Thecodontia, Dinosaurs, Pterosaurs, Ichthyosaurs, and Sauropterygia ; while the Theropsida (=Synapsida) included the Pelycosaurs and the Therapsida (mammal-like reptiles).
		In the new ( 2004) edition of his textbook, Dr Michael Benton uses the term "Class Sauropsida" to refer to all non-synapsid reptiles.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sauropsida (377 words)

	Sauropsida taxonomy - Palaeos
		The terms "Sauropsida" ("Lizard Faces") and "Theropsida" ("Beast Faces") were coined in 1916 by E.S. Goodrich to distinguish between lizards, birds, and their relatives on one hand (Sauropsida) and mammals and their extinct relatives (Theropsida) on the other.
		Thus his Sauropsida included Procolophonia, Eosuchia, Millerosauria, Chelonia (turtles), Squamata (lizards and snakes), Rhynchocephalia, Crocodilia, "thecodonts" (paraphyletic basal Archosauria), non-avian dinosaurs, pterosaurs, ichthyosaurs, and sauropyterygians.
		In the 2004 edition of his textbook, Michael J. Benton uses the term "Class Sauropsida" to refer to all non-synapsid, non-avian amniotes, although most systematists would include Aves (birds), as in the original sense of the taxon.
	www.palaeos.org /Sauropsida_taxonomy (560 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates 190.400 Reptilomorpha: Cotylosauria
		Sauropsida includes most of what was clasically known as "Reptilia" along with birds (which are in effect glorified reptiles) and of course dinosaurs.
		Sauropsids therefore are the bulk of the reptiles plus birds, while Synapsids are the "mammal-like reptiles" plus mammals.
		Sauropsida: All amniotes closer to snakes than to St. Patrick.
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Units/190Reptilomorpha/190.400.html (886 words)

	Category:Sauropsida - CreationWiki, the encyclopedia of creation science
		Modern taxonomists have determined that the Class Reptilia should be restructured and renamed Sauropsida.
		Many members of Sauropsida, such as the dinosaurs are now extinct.
		Reptiles are similar to amphibians; however, they have tougher skin and significantly more drought tolerant.
	creationwiki.org /Category:Sauropsida (92 words)

	Sauropsid - Enpsychlopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The terms Sauropsida ("Lizard Faces") and Theropsida ("Beast Faces") were coined in 1916 by E.S. Goodrich to distinguish between lizards, birds, etc on the one hand (Sauropsida) and mammal-like reptiles and mammals (Theropsida) on the other.
		He also reinterpreted the Sauropsida and Theropsida to exclude birds and mammals respectively.
		Sauropsida thus came to refer to the Procolophonia, Eosuchia, Millerosauria, Chelonia (turtles), Squamata (lizards and snakes), Rhynchocephalia, Crocodylia, Thecodontia, Dinosaurs, Pterosaurs, Ichthyosaurs, and Sauropterygia ; while the Theropsida (=Synapsida) included the Pelycosaurs and the Therapsida (mammal-like reptiles).
	www.grohol.com /psypsych/Sauropsid (510 words)

	Sauropsid Information
		Sauropsids are a diverse group of mostly egg-laying vertebrate animals.
		The Sauropsida includes all modern and most extinct "reptiles", but excludes synapsids.
		Thus his Sauropsida included Procolophonia, Eosuchia, Millerosauria, Chelonia (turtles), Squamata (lizards and snakes), Rhynchocephalia, Crocodilia, "thecodonts", non-avian dinosaurs, pterosaurs, ichthyosaurs, and sauropyterygians.
	www.bookrags.com /Sauropsid (565 words)

	Definition of sauropsida - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Learn more about "sauropsida " and related topics at Britannica.com
		Find more about "sauropsida " instantly with Live Search
		See a map of "sauropsida " in the Visual Thesaurus
	www.m-w.com /dictionary/sauropsida (41 words)

	Tetrapoda -- The Dinosauricon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Among terrestrial vertebrates, dinosaurs belong to Amniota, a clade characterized by the ability to procreate on land.
		Of the two main branches of amniotes, dinosaurs belong to Sauropsida, which includes other reptiles as well.
		The sister clade to Sauropsida, Synapsida, includes mammals.
	dinosauricon.com /taxa/tetrapoda.html (106 words)

	Lecture 8 - Tetrapods
		The rear bones of the lower jaw have become intimately involved with the ear region.
		This is quite different to the contemporaneous Sauropsida.
		There tends to be very little tendency for the tooth row to develop specialized regions (this is clearly a primitive feature retained from the ancestor of both synapsids and sauropsids).
	rainbow.ldeo.columbia.edu /courses/v1001/8.html (1484 words)

	Re: synapsids are reptiles
		Sauropsida is stem-based, Reptilia and Eureptilia have (AFAIK different) node-based definitions, so they are the same only in currently known contents.
		I cannot agree with this statement, unless the "solidity" is restricted to the fact that synapsids diverged before sauropsids.
		Consensus extends quite far into Ther- and Sauropsida.
	dml.cmnh.org /2002Apr/msg00159.html (237 words)

	phylolec.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Diapsids and Testudines constitute the group Sauropsida, and Sauropsida and Mammalia constitute Amniota.
		the traditional group "reptiles" is equal to Sauropsida minus Aves, and is therefore paraphyletic, and not accepted in cladistic theory.
		Because birds are believed to have descended from dinosaurs, to be monophyletic, the clade dinosauria must include birds to be monophyletic, therefore the term "dinosaurs" when it excludes birds has no cladistic meaning).
	www.csubak.edu /~ghurlburt/phylolec.html (1111 words)

	Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Extra-embryonic membranes, including the amnion, surround and protect the embryo and are a major adaptation to life on land.
		The name Sauropsida is used for the group of amniotes that includes turtles, squamates (lizards, etc.), crocodiles and birds.
		The traditional term ‘reptile’ is not used because so-called reptiles are not a monophyletic group.
	www.mcgraw-hill.com.au /mhhe/biology/knox2e/stu/Ch40summary.htm (993 words)

	Phylogeny and Classification of Amniotes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Parts of the phylogeny are poorly documented (most of the unnamed clades) and will not be discussed below.
		It is divided into two stem-based taxa: Synapsida (mammals and their extinct relatives) and Sauropsida (reptiles and their fossil relatives).
		Sauropsida is defined as "reptiles plus all other amniotes more closely related to them than they are to mammals" (Gauthier, 1994).
	tolweb.org /accessory/Phylogeny_and_Classification_of_Amniotes?acc_id=462 (2037 words)

	Amphibia (1878) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Subsequently he proposed the names of Sauropsida and Icthyopsida for the Sauroids and Ichthyoids respectively.
		It is proper to mention, finally, that Professor Owen, in his work on The Anatomy of Vertebrates, follows Latreille in dividing the Vertebrata into Hæmatotherma and Hæmatocrya, and adopts Leuckart's term of Dipnoa for the Amphibia.
		When they possess median fins and limbs, these never present fin-rays; and the limbs exhibit, in full development, the type of structure which obtains among the Sauropsida and Mammalia, and differ very widely from the fins of any fish at present known.
	aleph0.clarku.edu /huxley/UnColl/EnBrit/Amphibia.html (2919 words)

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