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Topic: Saxifragales

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	Saxifragales
		Saxifragales are a morphologically diverse group, including annual and perennial herbs, succulents, aquatics, shrubs, vines, and large trees.
		Whereas the composition of Saxifragales is now clear, the position of the clade among the core eudicots remains uncertain.
		These data further suggested that the early diversification of Saxifragales was contemporaneous with the initial radiation of the major lineages of eudicots and that of non-eudicot (magnoliid and monocot) angiosperms.
	tolweb.org /tree/tree?group=Saxifragales (2104 words)

	Fishbein, Mark, Larry Hufford, and Douglas E. Soltis. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)*
		We find that nearly all clades of Saxifragales are characterized by epigynous development, regardless of apparent ovary position in mature flowers, affirming the conservative nature of the developmental basis underlying ovary position.
		Apparent variation in ovary position in the clade is due largely to allometric shifts in the relative rate of growth in the upper and lower portions of the ovary late in development, rather than shifts in the conformation of the meristem during the earliest stages of floral development.
		Reversal to hypogyny in Saxifragales may be associated with the derivation of apocarpy in the clade, although the limited number of reversals precludes quantitative assessment of the association.
	www.ou.edu /cas/botany-micro/botany2000/section2/abstracts/30.shtml (323 words)

	Core Eudicots
		Saxifragales are a morphologically eclectic clade of annual and perennial herbs, succulents, aquatics (rarely), shrubs, vines, and large trees.
		The composition of Saxifragales based on molecular analyses was not suggested in any traditional treatment (Morgan and Soltis, 1993; Fishbein et al., 2001); indeed, members of this clade were classified in three of Cronquist's (1981) six subclasses of dicots (see also Takhtajan, 1997).
		Saxifragales may be sister to the Vitaceae + rosids clade, but this relationship is also not strongly supported (D. Soltis et al., 2000, 2005).
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Core_Eudicots&contgroup=eudicots (4169 words)

	Saxifragales Abstract
		Phylogeny of Saxifragales (angiosperms, eudicots): analysis of a rapid, ancient radiation.
		Using statistical tests of differences in the likelihoods of topologies, we evaluated whether the initial radiation of Saxifragales involved the simultaneous origin of major lineages.
		Our results are consist with predictions that resolving branching order of rapid, ancient radiations requires sampling characters that evolved rapidly at the time of the radiation, but have since experienced a slower evolutionary rate.
	www.msstate.edu /dept/biosciences/fishbein/abs7.htm (271 words)

	Saxifragales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Saxifragales commonly have scalariform perforation plates, lateral pitting that is mostly scalaiform or opposite, bordered pits, etc., but whether these are synapomorphies is unclear.
		Indeed, apart from the Crassulaceae/Saxifragaceae clade, relationships within Saxifragales have so far remained largely unresolved, and it has been suggested that they rapidly diversified into several clades, and that they represent a rapid, ancient radiation (Fishbein et al.
		Daphniphyllanae, Saxifraganae and Hamamelidanae, in which Takhtajan (1997) placed most of the families in Saxifragales, are all in his Hamamelididae.
	www.mobot.org /MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/saxifragalesweb.htm (5011 words)

	PBIO 450 Lecture Notes - Rosidae -- Spring 1998
		The traditional, and as yet unchallenged view is that the family is related to the Saxifragales, and in particular Crassulaceae (Takhtajan 1997).
		While the Halograceae are positioned near the Saxifragaceae and the Gunneraceae are near by, the latter is decidedly basal to a large number of diverse elements in the Hamamelididae and Dilleniidae.
		The Haloragaceae are assigned to the Saxifragales, as one might expect, but the Gunneraceae are listed without an order with a series of wholly unrelated families (e.g., Dilleniaceae and Vitaceae, etc.) as a group at the base of their "core eudicots."
	www.life.umd.edu /emeritus/reveal/PBIO/pb450/rosi06.html (1579 words)

	PSB Vol 45 No 4: Book Reviews: Structural and Developmental
		The Saxifragales were an excellent choice due to the accumulation of work on those families and because of their evolutionary position among early angiosperms.
		The volume defines Saxifragales according to Takhtajan's scheme of dicot families (published in the 1983 volume of the Anatomy of the Dicotyledons, second edition) and includes 25 families, ranging from Brunelliaceae to Gunneraceae.
		Cutler and Gregory note that the scope of the Saxifragales has been subject to varying interpretations and segregations of families, so they provide a table in the introduction featuring family placements according to 7 major schemes that address their scope and relationships.
	www.botany.org /bsa/psb/1999/rev99-20.html (1349 words)

	PBIO 250 Lecture Notes - Selected Families of Angiosperms: Rosidae - Spring 1999
		place the lower hamamelids (as Saxifragales) and the whole of the Caryophyllidae in thier "core eudicots" group while the upper hamamelids and the dillenids are assigned to their "rosids" group.
		A few are better placed in the Saxifragales and while well removed from the true rosoid families they are still a part of the Rosidae.
		Eremosynaceae and Vahliaceae belong to the Hydrangeales in Cornideae; Francoaceae in its own order basal to Saxifragales; Lepuropetalaceae and Parnassiaceae belong to the Parnassiales in the Celastranae, not the Saxifraganae; and Penthoraceae is now better placed near Crassulaceae in the Crassulales.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/systems/rosi.html (1763 words)

	Abstracts 50(6)
		These relationships were poorly supported in prior studies, apparently because these lineages originated in rapid succession.
		We suggest that the poor resolution of our best phylogenetic estimate is not due to violations of assumptions or the combination of data partitions with conflicting histories or processes.
		Our results are consist with predictions that resolving branching order of rapid, ancient radiations requires sampling characters that evolved rapidly at the time of the radiation, but have subsequently experienced a slower evolutionary rate.
	ag.arizona.edu /systbiol/SSBWeb/issues/50_6/abstracts50_6.html (2230 words)

	Fishbein, Mark. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		- Bayesian analyses of rapid radiations in Saxifragales and Asclepias.
		100 mya) radiation of Saxifragales and the relatively recent (c.
		These analyses found slightly greater resolution for the phylogeny of Saxifragales, but most of the basal nodes still received very low probabilities.
	www.botany2002.org /section15/abstracts/23.shtml (306 words)

	Hufford Lab Members and Alumni
		Mark was involved in a project on the evolution of epigyny in the Saxifragales.
		This required considerable effort to produce relatively robust phylogenetic hypotheses for Saxifragales based on five DNA sequence markers.
		Morphological data that Mark acquired for a range of Saxifragales were optimized on the phylogenetic hypotheses to give us a portrayal of ovary position diversification, which is very labile and includes transformations from inferior to truly superior ovaries.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~wsherb/systematics2.htm (1079 words)

	Dilleniales - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The AP-Website assumes this reinstatement of the order for just this one family, which suggests that this may be taken up in APG III.
		The APG II system assigns the second of these families to the order Saxifragales.
		This page was last modified 21:41, 2 June 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dilleniales (134 words)

	Saxifragales: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The Saxifragales are an order of dicotyledon[For more info, click on this link]s, EHandler: no quick summary.
		Saxifragaceae is a plant family with about 460 known species in 36 genera....
		Rhubarb is a perennial plant that grows from thick, EHandler: no quick summary.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/sa/saxifragales.htm (455 words)

	Original NSF Proposal - Core Participants
		Our lab's major research interests are (1) angiosperm phylogeny and character evolution, (2) polyploidy, (3) phylogeny and evolution in Saxifragales, and (4) conservation genetics.
		Phylogenetic analyses of Saxifragales (e.g., Fishbein et al., in press) have clarified relationships and patterns of evolution in this clade that includes large trees, shrubs, and annual and perennial herbs.
		This phylogenetic framework is being used to explore the evolution of floral form through analyses of ovary position and floral development.
	ucjeps.berkeley.edu /bryolab/deepgene/proposal/people/soltis.html (643 words)

	Elatinaceae are sister to Malpighiaceae; Peridiscaceae belong to Saxifragales -- Davis and Chase 91 (2): 262 -- ...
		Elatinaceae are sister to Malpighiaceae; Peridiscaceae belong to Saxifragales -- Davis and Chase 91 (2): 262 -- American Journal of Botany
		Fishbein M. Hibsch-Jetter D. Soltis L. Hufford 2001 Phylogeny of Saxifragales (angiosperms, eudicots): analysis of a rapid, ancient radiation.
		Fitch W. 1971 Toward defining the course of evolution: minimum change for a specific tree topology.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/91/2/262 (4933 words)

	Amazon.com: The Anatomy of the Dicotyledons : Volume IV: Saxifragales (Anatomy of the Dicotyledons): Books: D. F. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		I own the rights to this title and would like to make it available again through Amazon.
		The first edition of the Anatomy of the Dicotyledons written by the late C. Metcalfe and L. Chalk in the 1950s has become a classic and widely cited reference.
		Volume IV of the second edition in the series provides a comprehensive account of the systematic vegetative anatomy of the 25 plant families included in the order Saxifragales according to one of the internationally recognized systems of classification.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0198547927?v=glance (501 words)

	DSpace at Cornell University: Item 1813/1509
		Circumscriptions and the perceived importance of the family Saxifragaceae (Order Saxifragales) in angiosperm evolution have historically been highly mutable.
		It is only recently, with the advent of phylogenetic techniques employing molecular sequence data, that the content and relationships of the family appear to have stabilized.
		90 Ma) sediments of New Jersey, USA, and appears?based on both comparative morphological analysis and cladistic analyses of Saxifragales with Divisestylus?to be most closely related to Iteaceae, being nearly identical in floral morphology but lacking the characteristic diporate, psilate pollen of the modern fam...
	dspace.library.cornell.edu /handle/1813/1509 (218 words)

	Rosid I Lab
		Refer to your Text [T], Zomlefer [Z], and Gleason and Cronquist for descriptions of the species and families as needed.
		represents an example of a primitive group, the Saxifragales, which may be sister to the Rosids.
		While dissecting and observing the flower, note any primitive feature you see, especially in the gynoecium.
	www.botany.wisc.edu /courses/botany_400/Lab/LabWK08RosidsI.html (427 words)

	Crassulaceae - Wiktionary
		AOL users can edit Wiktionary here after accepting the CACERT certificate.
		a taxonomic family, within order Saxifragales - various succulent plants
		This page was last modified 10:38, 30 June 2005.
	en.wiktionary.org /wiki/Crassulaceae (38 words)

	Astilbe arendsii - Wikimedia Commons
		Please help with the translation of policy pages at Commons:Help page maintenance.
		Classis: Rosopsida - Ordo: Saxifragales - Familia: Saxifragaceae - Genus: Astilbe - Species: Astilbe arendsii
		This page was last modified 17:30, 9 April 2006.
	commons.wikimedia.org /wiki/Astilbe_arendsii (60 words)

	Saxifragales
		[ Sarraceniales ] [ Saxifragales ] [ Schizaeales ]
		Vernacular names of plants within the Order Saxifragales
		For a description of the methodology followed in establishing this hierarchy see the note Nomenclature used in The Compleat Botanica.
	www.crescentbloom.com /Plants/Ordo/Saxifragales.htm (67 words)

	Caryophyllids, etc.
		They are, at least, undoubtedly a monophyletic group as currently circumscribed.
		Other lineages, such as the orders Saxifragales, Gunnerales, and Santalales, are still not placed with extremely high support using genetic evidence.
		I have lumped them here with the Caryophyllids not because they are necessarily related to them, but because this page had more room for me to list the pictures!
	courses.bio.psu.edu /bio414/Crphetc.html (2593 words)

	Amazon.ca: The Anatomy Of the Dicotyledons: Volume Iv: Saxifragales: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The Anatomy Of the Dicotyledons: Volume Iv: Saxifragales
		Publisher: learn how customers can search inside this book.
		Be the first person to review this item.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0198547927 (353 words)

	Gunnerales are sister to other core eudicots: implications for the evolution of pentamery -- Soltis et al. 90 (3): 461 ...
		Numbers above branches equal the number of base substitutions; numbers below branches are parsimony jackknife values (see Farris et al., 1996
		Part A depicts the outgroup, early-diverging eudicots, asterids, and Santalales; part B shows the rosids, Caryophyllales, and Saxifragales
		Friis E. Crane K. Pedersen 1988 Reproductive structure of Cretaceous Platanaceae.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/90/3/461 (5858 words)

	The Anatomy of the Dicotyledons : Volume IV: Saxifragales (Anatomy of the Dicotyledons) Deals - The Anatomy of the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The Anatomy of the Dicotyledons : Volume IV: Saxifragales (Anatomy of the Dicotyledons) Deals - The Anatomy of the Dicotyledons : Volume IV: Saxifragales (Anatomy of the Dicotyledons) Bargains - Read Reviews The Anatomy of the Dicotyledons : Volume IV: Saxifragales (Anatomy of the Dicotyledons) - DealofDay.com Mall
		The Anatomy of the Dicotyledons : Volume IV: Saxifragales (Anatomy of the Dicotyledons)
		Used : The Anatomy of the Dicotyledons : Volume IV: Saxifragales (Anatomy of the Dicotyledons)
	shop.dealofday.com /sys/products/item_id:0198547927/search_type:Used/locale:us (235 words)

	PBIO 450 Lecture Notes - Rosidae -- Spring 1998
		Iteaceae J. Agardh (1858) = Rosidae, Saxifraganae, Saxifragales, Iteaceae
		Tetracarpaeaceae Nakai (1943) = Rosidae, Saxifraganae, Saxifragales, Tetracarpaeaceae
		Cotyledonaceae Martinov (1820) = Rosidae, Saxifraganae, Saxifragales, Crassulaceae
	www.life.umd.edu /emeritus/reveal/PBIO/pb450/comprosa.html (480 words)

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