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	Sayyid dynasty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		They succeeded the Tughluq dynasty and ruled that sultanate until they were displaced by the Afghan Lodi dynasty.
		This family claimed to be sayyids, or descendants of Muhammad.
		The central authority of the Delhi sultanate had been fatally weakened by the invasion of Timur (Tamerlane) and his sack of Delhi in 1398.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sayyid_dynasty (123 words)

	Delhi Sultanate - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In 1206, Qutb ud-Din, one of his generals, proclaimed himself sultan of Delhi and founded a line of rulers called the Slave dynasty, because he and several of the sultans who claimed succession from him were originally military slaves.
		Under the Khalji dynasty (1290-1320), the conquests of Ala ud-Din Khalji brought Muslim dominion in India to its greatest height until the Mughul empire.
		Early in the reign of Muhammad Tughluq, founder of the Tughluq dynasty (1325-98), the power of Delhi was acknowledged even in the extreme S of India.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-delhis1ul.html (458 words)

	Delhi - LoveToKnow 1911
		His dynasty is known as that of the slave kings, and it is to them that old Delhi owes its grandest remains, among them Kutb Mosque and the Kutb Minar.
		The most remarkable monarch of this dynasty was Ala-ud-din, during whose reign Delhi was twice exposed to attack from invading hordes of Moguls.
		He was succeeded by the Sayyid dynasty, which held Delhi and a few miles of surrounding territory till 1444, when it gave way to the house of Lodi, during whose rule the capital was removed to Agra.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Delhi (4727 words)

	Sayyid Razi: Life and Work \|\| Imam Reza (A.S.) Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The life of Sayyid Razi who was born in 359 AH/970 CE in Baghdad and died in the year 406/1015 in his hometown, coincided with the era of the Buyid dynasty (334-447/946-1056) which had reduced the Abbasid caliphs to mere nominal rulers.
		Sayyid Razi was born in a prominent household directly descended from the Prophet, as is clear from the epithets of 'Sayyid' and 'Sharif by which he was referred.
		Sayyid Razi's mother Fatimah also traced her lineage to the Prophet and was the daughter of Husayn bin Abu Muhammad al- Hasan al-Utrush bin 'Ali bin Hasan bin 'Umar al-Ashraf the son of the 4th Infallible Imam, 'Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-'Abidin (A.S.).
	www.imamreza.net /eng/imamreza.php?id=1591 (4284 words)

	Delhi Sultanate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Several Turkic and Pashtun dynasties ruled from Delhi: the Slave dynasty (1206-90), the Khilji dynasty (1290-1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320-1413), the Sayyid dynasty (1414-51), and the Lodi (1451-1526).
		Qutb-ud-din Aybak, one of his generals, proclaimed himself Sultan of Delhi and established the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, the Slave or Mamluk dynasty (mamluk means "slave") after Muhammad's death in 1206.
		The Khilji or Khalji dynasty, who had established themselves as rulers of Bengal in the time of Muhammad Ghori, took control of the empire in a coup which eliminated the last of the Mamluks.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sultanate_of_Delhi (914 words)

	Yemen
		The al-Qasimi dynasty of Yemen rose to prominence after the first Ottoman occupation of Arabia Felix in 1517.
		The Turks were forced to accept the spiritual and temporal rule of Yahya bin Muhammad, head of the Hamid ud-din branch of the dynasty in 1913.
		Sayyid: title used by male descendants of the Hashemites of the Yemen, in the male line, and descendants of Kings of the Yemen from the third generation onwards.
	www.4dw.net /royalark/Yemen/yemen.htm (750 words)

	Pahlavi Dynasty
		After centuries of misrule by its former rulers and the ravages of the war waged by foreign belligerents on its soil from 1914 to 1919, Iran in 1921 was prostrate, ruined, and on the verge of disintegration.
		The last of the shahs of the Qajar dynasty, Ahmad Shah, was young and incompetent, and the Cabinet was weak and corrupt.
		In 1925 the Majles deposed the absentee monarch, and a constituent assembly elected Reza Khan as shah, vesting sovereignty in the new Pahlavi dynasty.
	persepolis.free.fr /iran/history/pahlavi.html (3307 words)

	APPENDIX 1 - MUSLIM DYNASTIES IN INDIA’S HISTORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Dynasties which ruled from Delhi/Agra are called Imperial Dynasties, whatever might have been the extent of their domain or power.
		The dynasty founded by him proved incompetent and the throne was seized in 977 by Subuktigîn, a manumitted slave of Alptigîn.
		Subuktigîn became the founder of the Ghaznivid Dynasty which came to be known as the Yamînî Dynasty as well when the caliph at Baghdad was mighty pleased with the iconoclastic exploits of Subuktigîn’s son, Mahmûd, and conferred on him the appellation of Yamînu’d-Daulah.
	www.bharatvani.org /books/htemples2/app1.htm (3213 words)

	Destination Oman
		Sayyid Said bin Sultan: spread of influence, trade and prosperity After Sayyid Sultan’s death in 1804, Sayyid Badr bin Saif bin Ahmad succeeded his uncle and ruled for three years before being killed.
		Sayyid Said bin Sultan then assumed power and set about consolidating his hold on Oman in the face of hostilities from neighbouring powers.
		Following Sayyid Said’s death, his son Sayyid Thuwayni bin Said (1856 – 1866) and his immediate successors presided over an Oman that was in steady decline as a major power.
	www.destinationoman.com /dest2004/art1.htm (1227 words)

	Vitasta
		A certain Abu Sayyid was the first who advised his disciples to forsake the world and embrace a monastic life in order to devote themselves exclusively to meditation and contemplation; a practice borrowed from the Hindu and Buddhist religions.
		Sayyid Ali's visits to Kashmir, particularly the one in 1372 when he was accompanied by 700 Sayyids who had to leave Persia following Timur's invasion of that country and his decision to exterminate the Alavi Sayyids of Hamadan, had a profound influence on the spread of Islam in the Valley.
		With the growing influence of Iranian and Turanian Sayyids at the Kashmir Court, and the consequent encouragement of Persian language by the Sultans, the Brahmins were faced with the prospect of losing their privileged position.
	www.koausa.org /Vitasta/3c.html (9371 words)

	Chronology of Indian History (Part 1) - China History Forum, chinese history forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		600 -Mahendravarman I of the Pallava Dynasty ascended the throne.
		724 -Lalitaditya I Muktapida of Naga/Karataka Dynasty succeded to the throne of Kashmir.
		735 -Throne of Chittogarh (of Manmori of the Paramar Dynasty) captured by Guhila Khuman (son of Bappa), establishing the Guhila Dynasty of Mewar.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=3248&hl= (6445 words)

	Heritage - Delhi - Where Sultans Once Strode,indian forts, indian palaces, indian sultans, indian architecture, royal ...
		By the time, the last ruler of that dynasty, Ibrahim Lodi, had died at Babur's hands in the battle of Panipat in 1526, much of Delhi had become a vast necropolis, littered with the graves of rulers, nobles and their families.
		Even though the 15th century Sayyid and Lodi tombs provide the centrepiece of this planned landscape; its fame rests more on its popularity as a walking and picnic paradise, especially in winter when the gardens bloom with colourful clusters of flowers.
		The tomb of Muhammad Shah, third ruler of the Sayyid dynasty (r.1434-44), that lies on the south side of the gardens, is one of the finest examples of an octagonal tomb of this period.
	www.indiaprofile.com /heritage/delhi-sultan.htm (1898 words)

	Idrisids - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		It was the first Shiite dynasty in the history of Islam.
		The first ruler of the family was Sayyid Ahmad al-Idrisi, a descendant of the Idrisid family of Morocco, who established the Khardiriyah Idrisiyah, a strictly puritan religious brotherhood.
		Another member of the family, Sayyid Muhammad al-Sanusi, founded the Sanusi brotherhood in N Africa.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/I/Idrisids.asp (243 words)

	India4u - Home Remedies - Bala
		The Tughlaq dynasty ended soon after the Timurs invasion but the sultanate survived, though it was merely a shadow of its former self.
		Timurs nominee captured Delhi and was proclaimed the new sultan and the first of Sayyid Dynasty (1414 AD - 1451 AD), which was to rule the earlier half of the fifteenth century.
		This dynasty also soon ended and a new Tuluva dynasty was founded by Krishna Deva Raya (1509 AD - 1530 AD).
	www.india4u.com /history/medieval2.htm (690 words)

	The Sayyids and the Lodis by Neria Harish Hebbar, MD
		In this attempt the Sayyids (1414-1451) failed and the Lodis (1451-1526) succeeded marginally.
		The empire further splintered and the last of the Sayyids, Muhammad (son of Mubarak) abdicated the throne to Bahlul Khan Lodi in the year 1451 and retired.
		The Sayyids: Khizr Khan —> Mubarak Khan —> Muhamamd Khan
	www.boloji.com /history/008.htm (613 words)

	SWAT
		Sayyid Zaaman Shah, left his home in Takhta Band (Buner) to travel to Delhi, where he was granted lands by the Mughal Emperor, married the daughter of an Afghan Sardar in Chach, and had issue.
		Sayyid Azam Shah, married the daughter of Ahmad Ali Khan Palaal, niece of Khan Nawab Khan of Tanawal (her sister was married to Nawab Payinda Khan of Amb).
		Badshah Sayyid ABD al-JABBAR KHAN Hafiz-e-Quran 1915/1917, son of Sayyid Mehmood Shah and grandson of the 1st Akhund of Swat, born c1877/1878, married 1stly, 1907, daughter of Nawab of Amb, married 2ndly 1908, daughter of the Emir of Bukhara.
	www.uq.net.au /~zzhsoszy/ips/s/swat.html (665 words)

	PunjabiLit: India: HISTORY India
		Their dynasty lasted about a century, and was succeeded by the Kanvas, whose shrunken kingdom was defeated in 28 BC by the Andhra dynasty, invading from their homeland in the south.
		Beginning with the Slave dynasty, the sultanate was ruled by a succession of five dynasties before it was finally overthrown by the Mughal emperor Humayun in 1556.
		In the course of the dynasty those citadels were located in Lahore, in and around Âgra, in the architecturally spectacular city of Fatehpur Sikri, and near the city of Shahjahanabad ("city of Shah Jahan").
	india.punjabilit.com /history.htm (13595 words)

	National Portal of India : Know India : Culture and Heritage
		These were: the Slave dynasty (1206-90), Khilji dynasty (1290-1320), Tughlaq dynasty (1320-1413), Sayyid dynasty (1414-51), and Lodhi dynasty (1451-1526).
		Ghyasuddin Tughlaq, who was the Governor of Punjab during the reign of Ala-ud-din Khilji, ascended the throne in 1320 AD and founded the Tughlaq dynasty.
		Although the Tughlaqs continued to reign till 1412, the invasion of delhi by Timur in 1398 may be said to mark the end of the Tughlaq empire.
	india.gov.in /knowindia/medieval_history2.php (856 words)

	SIAK
		Initially satisfied with the regency, he tired of this subordinate role, deposed Sultan Yahya and established a new dynasty in 1797.
		Sultan Sayyid 'Ali's descendants, were closely allied to the Dutch, allowing Junior branches of the family to establish themselves Palalawan.
		However, continuing threats from the Johor Dynasty, now established at Sukadana in Borneo, prompted Sultan Al-Sayyid Sharif Ismail, to accept Dutch suzerainty in 1858.
	www.4dw.net /royalark/Indonesia/siak.htm (695 words)

	Summary and Evaluation of India & Southeast Asia to 1875 by Sanderson Beck
		Gujarat, Malwa, Jaunpur, and others were independent as the Sayyid dynasty of sultans ruled Delhi from 1414 until the Afghan Buhlul Khan took over in 1452.
		Sayyid Ahmad of Bareilly led an Islamic revolt against Yar Muhammad in 1829 and proclaimed himself caliph; but his taxes and intolerance were unpopular, and he was killed at Balakot in 1831.
		Sayyid Ahmad Khan protected Bijnor for the British during the mutiny, and he analyzed its causes.
	www.san.beck.org /2-14-Summary.html (10869 words)

	part1_07
		The wakil-i-dar (not to be confused with the wakil-i-sultanat of the Sayyid dynasty and the wakil-i-mutliq of the Mughals) was the controller of the household.
		When Jalal-ud-din Khalji wanted Sayyid Maula, who was accused of high treason, to vindicate himself by walking through fire, the jurists vetoed the idea by contending that fire did not distinguish between the innocent and the guilty.
		Emphasis on administrative stability during the sultanate should not be taken as an indication that the period was peaceful or that normal judicial processes were always respected by either the sultans or their officials.
	www.columbia.edu /itc/mealac/pritchett/00islamlinks/ikram/part1_07.html (6774 words)

	ArtLex on the Arts of India's Mughal Period
		The Islamic dynasty in India, composed of nineteen sovereigns who ruled from 1526 to 1858.
		India, Mughal dynasty; found at/reportedly from Fatehpur Sikri, India, Jali screen, one of a pair, second half of the 16th century, carved red sandstone, 73 1/4 x 51 3/16 x 3 9/16 inches (186 x 130 x 9 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
		The twelve volumes of the series were executed in his imperial atelier under the supervision of two Persian painters, Mir Sayyid Ali and Khwaja Abd as-Samad.
	www.artlex.com /ArtLex/m/mughal.html (674 words)

	Delhi Travel,Delhi Tourism,Delhi India Travel,Delhi India Tourism
		Some of the large portions of the city could be well earmarked as archeological parks because the rulers of successive dynasties between the 13th and the 17th centuries established seven cities in different parts of Delhi.
		The Slave Dynasty (1211-1227) was followed by the Khalji dynasty (1296-1316) and during the rule of Ala-ud-din Khalji, the second city of Delhi was built - "SIRI".
		The Lodi dynasty soon followed and the only interesting architectural features added by them were the tombs, the best of which may be seen at the Lodi Gardens.
	www.taj-mahal-india-travel.com /around-taj-mahal/delhi-travel-tourism.html (1238 words)

	Mubarak Shahâs tomb, mosque are crumbling- The Times of India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The monuments that speak of the Sayyid dynastyâs red sandstone contributions to the architecture of its times are almost inaccessible.
		The final resting place of Mubarak Shah Sayyid was the second octagonal tomb built in Delhi and probably the first enclosed garden tomb.
		It stands near the tomb and it is assumed that this structure and the mosque once stood within the precinct walls.
	timesofindia.indiatimes.com /articleshow/1048086.cms (487 words)

	AmritWorld.com: The Sayyid Dynasty
		Khizar Khan was the founder of the Sayyid Dynasty.
		The authority of the Sayyid Dynasty was limited to a few districts round Delhi.
		Thus, the chronicles of the Sayyid Dynasty are chiefly a history of expeditions for colleting the revenue by military force.
	www.amritworld.com /sayyid_dynasty.html (565 words)

	Lodi Gardens, travel guide to India, Gardens In India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The beautiful and serene Lodi Garden was designed over two dynasties by the Sayyids and Lodis in the 15-16th century.
		The tomb of Muhammad Shah (1434-44), the third ruler of Sayyid dynasty, follows the typical octagonal pattern, with a central octagonal chamber, surrounded by verandahs, each side pierced by three arched openings, with a running 'chhajja' above them.
		The park is works as a breather from the hustle and bustle of the city, especially in the early mornings and early evenings, when fitness enthusiasts come for brisk walks or to jog through the manicured gardens against a backdrop of much-graffitied medieval monuments
	www.shubhyatra.com /delhi/lodi-garden.html (1565 words)

	Pre-20th Century
		Though replacing the ruling dynasty, the Tughlaqs are not very organized and are politically weak compared to previous sultanate dynasties.
		As a result, the Tughlaqs are replaced by the Sayyid dynasty in 1414, established by the nominee of Timur.
		The Sayyids rule for about 37 years, but are eventually replaced by the Lodhi dynasty in 1451, who are of Afghan origin, giving them some political support from northern Indians.
	www.courses.rochester.edu /homerin/REL247/Class/india/frames/pre20th.html (869 words)

	Delhi - Enpsychlopedia
		The famous Iron pillar near the Qutub Minar was commissioned by the emperor Kumara Gupta I of the Gupta dynasty (320-540) and transplanted to Delhi during the 10th century.
		From 1206, Delhi became the capital of the Delhi Sultanate under the Slave Dynasty (so named because several rulers of this dynasty were former slaves).
		After the end of the Slave dynasty, a succession of Turkic and Central Asian dynasties, the Khilji dynasty, the Tughluq dynasty, the Sayyid dynasty and the Lodhi dynasty held power in the late medieval period and built a sequence of forts and townships that are part of the seven cities of Delhi.
	www.enpsychlopedia.com /psypsych/Delhi (4319 words)

	National Capital Territory
		The famous Iron pillar near the Qutub Minar was commissioned by the emperor Kumara Gupta I of the Gupta dynasty (320-540) and transplanted to Delhi at some time in the 10th century.
		After the end of the Slave dynasty, a succession of Turkic and Central Asian dynasties, the Khilji dynasty, the Tughluq dynasty, the Sayyid dynasty and the Lodhi dynasty held power in the late medieval period and built a sequence of forts and townships that are part of the fabled seven Delhis.
		In the mid-sixteenth century there was an interruption in the Mughal rule of India as Sher Shah Suri defeated Babur’s son Humayun and forced him to flee to Afghanistan and Persia.
	www.globalguide.org /index.html?id=39100 (1427 words)

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