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	Burn (injury) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Scalding is a specific type of burning that is caused by hot fluids.
		Examples of common liquids that cause scalds are water and cooking oil.
		Steam is a common gas that causes scalds.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scald (1095 words)

	IPM : Reports on Plant Diseases : Scald of Cereals and Forage Grasses
		Scald is an important fungus disease of barley, rye, smooth bromegrass, and orchardgrass worldwide in cool, humid, largely temperate climates.
		Scald is easily identified from the oval to lens-shaped or elongated spots (lesions) which develop mostly on the leaves and leaf sheaths.
		During prolonged periods of cool, moist weather in the spring, the scald fungi resume growth on fall-infected tissues and produce large numbers of colorless, two-celled, microscopic spores called conidia (Figure 3), which develop in a thin layer of slime on the surface of the lesions from a stroma of spore-producing mycelia.
	www.ipm.uiuc.edu /diseases/series100/rpd116/index.html (963 words)

	Small Grain Barley Disease - Barley Scald
		Barley leaf scald is a common and conspicuous disease of barley but usually is not serious enough to warrant control.
		Scald is caused by Rhynchosporium secalis, a fungus that develops a superficial, loose stroma on which conidia are produced from short cells.
		Scald develops on leaves as oval to irregular blotches that have a bluish green, water-soaked appearance (Photo 19).
	pnw-ag.wsu.edu /smallgrains/Barleyscald.html (309 words)

	Storage Scald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Incidence and severity of storage scald is favored by hot, dry weather before harvest, immature fruit at harvest, high nitrogen and low calcium concentrations in the fruit, and inadequate ventilation in storage rooms or in packages.
		Scald is usually not evident until after 3 months of storage.
		The reasons for variability in susceptibility to storage scald among apple varieties is not known; however, the concentration of naturally occurring antioxidants in the apple skin has been investigated.
	postharvest.ucdavis.edu /Produce/Disorders/apple/pdapscald.shtml (535 words)

	Scald - LoveToKnow 1911
		SCALD, an ancient Scandinavian bard who recited or sang at feasts compositions in honour of chiefs and famous men and their deeds.
		It seems certain that the word was originally derogatory in sense; some connect it with skalda, a pole, on which libels were cut.
		Of different origin is the verb "scald," to burn or injure the skin or flesh by hot liquid or steam (see Burns And Scalds); also to cleanse an object, or to remove hair, bristles, feathers andc., from an animal, by exposure to moist heat, such as boiling water, steam, andc.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Scald (204 words)

	Sugarcane Leaf Scald Disease
		It is a vascular disease caused by Xanthomonas albilineans.
		Leaf scald is further complicated by the fact that it may be manifested in a chronic phase or acute phase.
		Although the leaf scald incidence in almost all fields of CP 80-1743 has remained low, growers are advised to monitor fields of CP 80-1743 for increase of incidence of the disease.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /SC001 (1393 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Oxidative Stress and Apple Scald
		Scald is thought to be induced by oxidation products of a volatile compound, alpha-farnesene, which is produced in the peel tissue of apples during storage.
		To control scald, apples are routinely drenched after harvest with a solution including an antioxidant chemical plus a fungicide.
		Technical Abstract: Superficial scald is a costly storage disorder that often develops in fruit of susceptible apple cultivars such as 'Granny Smith' and 'Law Rome' after several months at low temperature.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=155689 (513 words)

	Resistance in Barley to Scald, 1997-2001, Alberta
		The major scald resistance genes were determined in the accessions that were used for pathotype differentiation in numerous studies.
		Commercial cultivars were classified in scald reactions into five groups, those in the intermediate group for the 1997 to 1999 test period were classified into the susceptible group for the 2000 to 2001 period, suggesting a continuous erosion of scald resistance as a result of development of virulent pathotypes at the test sites.
		Scald reactions for commercial cultivars were location dependent suggesting an uneven distribution of scald pathotypes in Alberta.
	wheat.pw.usda.gov /ggpages/BarleyNewsletter/45/Barley_Scald_Resist.html (793 words)

	Scald Fact Sheet
		Scald burn injury (caused by hot liquids or steam) is the most common type of burn-related injury among young children while flame burns (caused by direct contact with fire) are more prevalent among older children.
		The majority of scald burns to children, especially among those ages 6 months to 2 years, are from hot foods and liquids spilled in the kitchen or other places where food is prepared and served.
		Hot tap water scalds can be prevented by lowering the setting on water heater thermostats to 120 degrees F or below, and by installing anti-scald devices in water faucets and shower heads.
	www.wwgh.com /search/webpages/facts/scald_burns.htm (1239 words)

	The Barley Country - Fall 2000 - Environmentally-friendly management of scald disease in barley
		Scald disease, caused by Rhynchosporium secalis, is a major disease of barley resulting in considerable crop quality and yield losses.
		The scald fungus was found to produce organic acids resulting in sequestration of calcium in the barley plant and facilitating infection.
		Evidence was gathered to show that the barley plant recognizes the scald fungus and moves calcium from other parts to concentrate it at the points of penetration and infection by the scald fungus.
	www.albertabarley.com /publications/barley_country/research_roundup/fall_2000_003.html (1085 words)

	How to scald & scorch milk
		Many older recipes called for you to scald milk, that is, to bring it nearly to a boil (185°F, 85°C, or more), preferably in a thick-bottomed pan, and stirring actively, to keep a protein skin from forming on the surface and keep the proteins and sugar from sticking to the bottom.
		Scalding served two purposes, to kill potentially harmful bacteria in the milk, and to destroy enzymes that keep the milk from thickening in recipes.
		But for her “peace of mind,” Corriher says she continues to scald milk and reconstituted dry milk for her baking projects.
	www.ochef.com /586.htm (393 words)

	Virtual Pediatric Hospital: CQQA: Scalds
		A scald is a burn from coming into close contact with moist heat, such as hot water or steam.
		Scalds are the most common kind of childhood burns.
		To prevent scalds, test the temperature of bath water, keep children away from hot liquids, and supervise children in the kitchen.
	www.virtualpediatrichospital.org /patients/cqqa/scalds.shtml (903 words)

	Predicting scald development in storage
		Superficial scald, also known as storage scald or common scald, is one of a number of environmentally-induced physiological skin disorders in apples.
		Even though research continued into the cause and control of scald, it was evident the most economical solution to scald was the topical application of DPA on apples and of ethoxyquin on pears.
		Scald has been a problem worldwide wherever apples are stored for more than a few months, and even though there has been protection in the form of DPA and ethoxyquin drenches, the problem still exists and has not been solved.
	www.goodfruit.com /link/Sept_96/feature16.html (1829 words)

	SCALD shower, tub and sink protection products - PlumbingSupply.com
		Scald protection devices are a must in homes with young children, the elderly and physically challenged individuals - but are recommended for every home and may even be code in some areas.
		Scalding accidents occur most frequently in the bathrooms and kitchens where they are most preventable.
		Scalding leads to additional injuries such as heart attacks, shock, falls, and serious broken bones, particularly among the elderly.
	www.plumbingsupply.com /scald.html (1280 words)

	Hoof Rot, Hoof Scald, and Hoof Abscesses
		Fusobacterium nodosum and Actinomyces pyogenes are common bacterial causes of hoof rot and hoof scald.
		Both hoof rot and hoof scald are contagious and are frequently seen in hot wet climatic conditions.
		Generally, both hoof rot and hoof scald affect more than one hoof, while hoof abcesses are restricted to one hoof and sometimes even to one claw of the hoof.
	www.tennesseemeatgoats.com /articles2/hoofrot,hoofscald06.html (1528 words)

	Predicting Delicious Apple Storage Scald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Scald can be an important post-harvest storage disorder of Delicious apples in New England (see picture).
		As a result of extensive research on scald susceptibility of Delicious apples in New England, UMass researchers Sarah Weis, and Drs.
		Reference: "An Easy and Reliable Procedure for Predicting Scald and DPA Requirement for New England Delicious Apples" Sarah A. Weis, William J. Bramlage, and William J. Lord, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Massachusetts.
	www.umass.edu /fruitadvisor/clements/scaldpredictor.html (290 words)

	Husk Scald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Symptoms: Scald is a brown superficial discoloration restricted to the husk.
		Causes: Husk scald development of pomegranate may be due to phenolic oxidation.
		Scald development may be delayed up to 6 weeks on ‘Wonderful' stored at 2°C(36°F).
	rics.ucdavis.edu /postharvest2/Produce/Disorders/pomeg/pomhusk.shtml (138 words)

	Wounds1.com - Scald Burn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Scalds are a common type of burn-related injury in young children.
		More than one in four burn injuries in children under fourteen are scalds, and an estimated 65 percent of burn injuries in children under four are scalds.
		If the scald injury covers a large percent of the body, be sure to seek medical care as soon as possible.
	www.wounds1.com /care/condition20.cfm?bulletinID=11 (370 words)

	Storage Scald Control
		Consequently, scald may develop in April, May or June on some lots of CA McIntosh which were entirely free from it earlier.
		Scald on regular cold storage McIntosh is generally not a problem until after January, at which time the bulk of this fruit should have been marketed.
		If DPA is used for scald control, a reduced rate is likely to be sufficient for fruit of these cultivars exposed to 165 or more "chilling hours" in the weeks before harvest.
	orchard.uvm.edu /uvmapple/pest/9697neapmg/scld.html (887 words)

	Market Diseases of Apples, Pears, and Quinces: Scald
		Scald is a physiological disease of apples that has been recognized as a serious problem for as long as apples have been stored and marketed commercially.
		Scald is also known by such names as ordinary scald, storage scald, common scald, hard scald (as opposed to the soft scald disease), and superficial scald, although tissues may be killed to 1/4 inch in some varieties.
		From this information it seems most desirable and accurate to designate the scald-like condition on Golden Delicious apples as senescent scald and to designate the true scald type on other varieties as ordinary scald.
	postharvest.tfrec.wsu.edu /marketdiseases/scald.html (287 words)

	Scald : iSOUND.COM
		The work consists of a singular album length instrumental track, the first section of which is performed by the band and is a complex composition of no repeated parts, followed by the closing section, which is an ambient reconstruction of the performance part.
		Scald are not known for being free with explanations behind their concepts but it can be stated that the on-going conceptual, metaphorical representations of the parasitic worm as psychological states has been further evolved from the 'Nematoid' & 'Headworm' material.
		Other Scald projects of variable nature are in the pipeline and will be gradually unravelled over time when a new Scald website is online in the coming weeks.
	www.isound.com /scald (521 words)

	Child Health & Development: Scald Injuries from Tap Water
		Scald injuries are the second most common cause of serious burn injuries in children.
		Scald burns can range from reddened skin to massive blisters and oozing of fluid.
		Serious scald burns that cover a large area of the body can threaten a child's life.
	www.baptistonline.org /health/library/chil3081.asp (447 words)

	Antiscald Inc.
		scald burns account for about 100 deaths a year, most of them children under 5, or adults over 65.
		Accidental or non accidental (as in cases of child abuse), scald injuries often cover a large area of the body, leading to high rates of illness and death.
		The Consumer Product Safety Commission says that although most scald burns occur in the kitchen, the most severe scald burns are caused by water flowing into the tub or shower.
	antiscald.com (242 words)

	Techniques : Scald
		Scald refers to when a liquid, usually milk, is heated to the simmer stage.
		This is done to prevent the souring of milk when used in some recipes.
		The term scald is also a synonym for blanch (see Blanch).
	www.drgourmet.com /techniques/scald.shtml (39 words)

	Barley Scald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Scald is a fungus disease which attacks the leaves and heads of plants and may cause significant yield losses if it spreads to the upper parts of the plant.
		In 1996, more barley scald was present in southern Idaho than at any time in the past 20 years.
		Normally, scald is of little or no consequence in southern Idaho.
	www.uidaho.edu /ag/plantdisease/bscld.htm (254 words)

	Ogontz Corporation
		A reverse-acting Type FPR valve is used to protect personnel from scalding water.
		For example, if the water line is exposed to solar radiation, the scald protection valve should not be located in a shaded or partially shaded area.
		If both scald and freeze protection valves are employed, locate the freeze valve downstream of the scald valve.
	www.ogontz.com /products/scaldprotection.htm (565 words)

	Home-Rain Scald
		Rain scald (also called Swamp Fever or mycotic dermatitis) is a skin condition caused by the Dermatophilus organism.
		The infection is spread by either rolling in mud, direct contact between horses, or transmission by stable and house flies carrying the organism from the skin lesions of infected horses.
		Scald may be seen in summer or winter, and may be confused with ringworm.
	www.petalia.com.au /Templates/StoryTemplate_Process.cfm?specie=Horses&story_no=1285 (503 words)

	Rabbit Urine Scald
		The baldness and red, irritated skin are caused by "urine scald," and it can happen to any bunny whose urine soaks into the fur around her vent and is in constant contact with her delicate skin.
		All rabbits normally excrete excess calcium and oxalate salts via the urinary tract, and the residue of normal urine will often appear "chalky." However, when excessive amounts of calcium/oxalate salts precipitate in the urinary tract, they sometimes manifest as a thick, curry-colored "sludge" that sometimes has a consistency as thick as toothpaste.
		While your veterinarian is performing diagnostic tests to determine the reason for your rabbit's urine scald, your job will be to keep her comfortable, clean and dry.
	www.bio.miami.edu /hare/urinary.html (1140 words)

	Scald Systoms of alfalfa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Scald in alfalfa is caused when standing water covers the soil and direct bright sunlight heats the soil and water.
		Foliage in the plots with rapid regrowth shaded the soil and were unharmed by stand water and bright sun.
		Plants growing without shading the soil suffered from scald.
	alfalfa.okstate.edu /images/diseases/scald-02.htm (73 words)

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