Scale (string instruments)

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	ipedia.com: String quartet Article
		A piece of music for four players of stringed instruments may be in any form, but if it is simply a String Quartet (with or without a subtitle) it is usually in four movements, with a large-scale structure similar to that of a symphony.
		Although any combination of four string instruments may be called a "string quartet", in practice, the term almost always refers to a group consisting of two violins (the "first" and "second" violin), one viola and one cello.
		A string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string musical instruments or a piece written to be performed by such a group.
	www.ipedia.com /string_quartet.html (2004 words)

	Encyclopedia: String quartet
		A piece of music for four players of stringed instruments may be in any form, but if it is simply a String Quartet (with or without a subtitle) it is usually in four movements, with a large-scale structure similar to that of a symphony.
		Although any combination of four string instruments can literally be called a "string quartet", in practice the term refers to a group consisting of two violins (the "first" and "second" violin), one viola and one cello.
		A string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string musical instruments or a piece written to be performed by such a group.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/string-quartet (2004 words)

	Encyclopedia: String quartet
		A piece of music for four players of stringed instruments may be in any form, but if it is simply a String Quartet (with or without a subtitle) it is usually in four movements, with a large-scale structure similar to that of a symphony.
		Although any combination of four string instruments can literally be called a "string quartet", in practice the term refers to a group consisting of two violins (the "first" and "second" violin), one viola and one cello.
		A string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string musical instruments or a piece written to be performed by such a group.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/string-quartet (2004 words)

	Articles - String quartet
		A piece of music for four players of stringed instruments may be in any form, but if it is simply a String Quartet (with or without a subtitle) it is usually in four movements, with a large-scale structure similar to that of a symphony.
		Should a composer create music for four other string instruments â” for instance, three violins and bass, or violin, viola, cello and guitar â” the instrumentation is indicated specifically.
		The standard string quartet is widely seen as one of the most important forms in chamber music, with most major composers, from the late 18th century onwards, writing string quartets.
	www.cat-center.com /articles/String_quartet (2004 words)

	String quartet -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		A piece of music for four players of stringed instruments may be in any form, but if it is simply a String Quartet (with or without a subtitle) it is usually in four movements, with a large-scale structure similar to that of a (A long and complex sonata for symphony orchestra) symphony.
		A string quartet is a (Click link for more info and facts about musical ensemble) musical ensemble of four (Click link for more info and facts about string instrument) string instruments—usually two violins, a viola and cello—or a piece written to be performed by such a group.
		Should a composer create music for four other string instruments — for instance, three violins and bass, or violin, viola, cello and guitar — the instrumentation is indicated specifically.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/st/string_quartet.htm (4555 words)

	WHAT'S HOT WITH JAZZ GUITAR (Guitar News Weekly #178, January 28, 2002 - (c) GuitarSite.com)
		After much research as to neck scale and intonation issues, Conti commissioned a Los Angeles Luthier to build his first Eight String Guitar, which was completed in March of 1993.
		Ned Steinberger, the inventor of headless guitars and basses, will once again be directly involved in the design of Steinberger-brand instruments, thanks to a new 5-year consulting agreement with Gibson Musical Instruments.
		With the exception of a brief period of lessons from Philly guitar virtuoso, Joe Sgro, Conti is a self taught musician.
	www.guitarsite.com /newsletters/020128/4.shtml?nl178 (701 words)

	CSOUND Information
		To use csound, the composer creates two files: an orchestra file, which describes the synthetic instruments which csound is to simulate, and a score file, which describes the actions the instruments are to take.
		csound implements many synthesis techniques unavailable through other means, such as granular synthesis, user-controlled physical modeling, Karplus-Strong plucked-string synthesis.
		Given sufficient processing time and patience, a csound orchestra can simulate thousands of oscillators; can provide microtuning in any scale the composer can conceive of; and can make sounds unlike those available from any other method.
	www.ibiblio.org /emusic-l/info-docs-FAQs/csound-info.html (603 words)

	Info and facts on 'String quartet'
		A piece of music for four players of stringed instruments may be in any form, but if it is simply a String Quartet (with or without a subtitle) it is usually in four movements, with a large-scale structure similar to that of a symphony (A long and complex sonata for symphony orchestra).
		Should a composer create music for four other string instruments — for instance, three violins and bass, or violin, viola, cello and guitar — the instrumentation is indicated specifically.
		A string quartet is a musical ensemble (additional info and facts about musical ensemble) of four string instrument (additional info and facts about string instrument) s—usually two violins, a viola and cello—or a piece written to be performed by such a group.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/st/string_quartet.htm (4103 words)

	Strings, standing waves and harmonics
		String players will know that, if you play five scale notes up a string, you arrive at a position one third of the way along the string, so a "touch fifth" produces the third harmonic.
		We shall start with the way strings work, because they are easier to visualise than the vibration of the air in wind instruments, and less complicated than the vibrations of the bars and skins of the percussion family.
		The string on a musical instrument is (almost) fixed at both ends, so any vibration of the string must have nodes at each end.
	www.phys.unsw.edu.au /~jw/strings.html (4103 words)

	Bass guitar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A bass guitar is an electric or acoustic bass - a stringed instrument similar in design to the guitar, but with longer scale and tuned lower in pitch.
		The instrument is a descendant of the double bass (a cousin of the violin and viola da gamba) and shares design attributes of the electric guitar and features in common with a range of other bass instruments.
		The electric bass, in contrast to the electric upright bass, is played while being held horizontally across the body and may be played with the fingers (and sometimes the thumb) or a plectrum (pick).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bass_guitar (3538 words)

	Sleeve Notes - Schubert: String Quintet & String Trio
		Although the String Quintet is arguably Schubert's finest chamber work, it hardly detracts from his other wide and varied achievements within the same sphere, including two full-scale piano trios, the celebrated Octet and 'Trout' Piano Quintet, somc fifteen string quartets, and a substantial quantity of music for piano-accompanied instruments and piano duet.
		Although compared to the vast musical canvas of the String Quintet, the Trio (as it exists) represents a veritable microcosm of musical activity, the tendency towards relatively untroubled, often highly Iyrical exposition/recapitulations, dramatically heightened by a more serious central development section, is already unmistakable.
		Interestingly, in composing his Quintet Schubert chose not to use the double-viola ensemble favoured by Beethoven and perhaps most notably Mozart before him, but to add an extra cello to the normal string quartet configuration (two violins, viola, cello).
	www.hyperion-records.co.uk /notes/66724.html (3538 words)

	Stringed Instrument Encyclopedia
		Musical Instrument Exchange: Site for stringed musicians and artists interested in exchanging information about: 1) The purchase or sale of fine stringed instruments and bows 2) Quality dealers 3) Cultural events in the world of music 4) Employment and Educational opportunities.
		Musical Journeys: Site which promotes music education on a global scale.
		Collins Instrument Manufacturers guide you through the process of choosing a bow.
	www.chrisbsmusic.com /strininen.html (3538 words)

	Early (and other) Instruments
		The strings along the right-hand side are tuned to the "white keys" (notes of the C-major scale), and the strings along the left-hand side are the sharps and flats.
		Bowed psalteries are triangular psalteries with the strings arranged in such a way that a bow can be used to sound them one at a time.
		The vielle is a flat-topped, flat-backed, five-string, bowed string instrument, sometimes with frets.
	www.radix.net /~dglenn/defs/inst.html (3538 words)

	HIGH A 7-STRING (Guitar News Weekly #117, November 20, 2000 - (c) GuitarSite.com)
		These instruments had a shorter scale (25") and a reverse headstock to minimize the breakage of the top A string.
		Originally the Ibanez 7 String was meant to have a top A but Steve Vai had to go to the low B because of a technical failure.
		My prototype #3 7 String Stratocaster was used in 1990 to record (with the same set up: tuning and string gauges) a full length amazing REH instructional video which was never released, again for financial reasons.
	www.guitarsite.com /newsletters/001120/4.shtml (3538 words)

	Musical Forms - String Quartet
		A composition for four solo string instruments, usually two violins, viola and cello.
		Beethoven's op.18 quartets are written largely within the framework of an established convention, but no.1 in F already hints at the expansion of scale that marks the Razumovsky Quartets op.59 as belonging to the post-'Eroica' period.
		The string quartet seemed to present few possibilities to late 19th-century composers preoccupied with the grandiose conceptions of the symphony and symphonic poem; Smetana's e Minor Quartet 'From my Life' (1876) is a rare instance of a programmatic quartet.
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/g_string_quartet.html (715 words)

	The Irish cittern
		But the names cittern and bouzouki are both used for a bewildering variety of eight- and ten-stringed (and occasionally 12-stringed) instruments tuned in different ways and (usually) with a longer neck than the octave mandolin.
		A four-stringed short scale guitar intended to be tuned CGDA like an alto mandola but quite often tuned lower.
		There are tenor guitars with eight strings and there are citterns and tenor mandolas with guitar-shaped body.
	www.mandolin-player.com /instruments/irish-cittern (811 words)

	EMI Back Issues Volumes 1 & 2, 6/1985-4/1987
		Issues of wood resonance and air resonance; f-holes; string and body length relative to fingering patterns are explained and also charted in the graph, along with descriptions of the instruments' sound properties.
		New York composer noted for his electric guitar symphonies, Branca's harmonics guitar is designed to selectively produce the tones of the harmonic series, enabling the series to be used for scale material.
		Guitar and harp tuning pegs are used, and several tuning arrangements coexist: some are deliberate, some random.
	www.windworld.com /back_issues/bi1-2.htm (811 words)

	The Galloway Consort
		The instruments include recorders,crumhorns, shawms, sackbut and curtals from the wind band, and viols, lute, cittern, rebec and harp from the string band along with a variety of percussions such as bells, bones and tabors.
		The consort has a large collection of instruments on which they hope to reflect the versatility and variety of their renaissance counterparts.
		We often work in costume appropriate to the music we are playing and can provide music for outdoors as well as the more usual chamber-scale works.
	www.thegallowayconsort.co.uk (811 words)

	Thai classical music Related List
		Thai instruments are classified according to a system said to be borrowed from India in ancient times.
		Thai classical music uses the diatonic music scale.
		Thai classical music is classified by level (‘chan’), according to the speed of tempo.
	www.thaiclassicalmusic.com /thailink.html (1268 words)

	[music-dsp] Difference Between Pitch and Frequency
		For example; multi stringed instruments(piano, 12 string guitar), instruments playing unison or more extreme "metallic timbres" - Narrow band filtered noise can have a pitch, but certainly not a frequency.
		For a single sinusoid, Equation below gives > the relation between the frequency F and the pitch P in the > harmonic scale: > > P(F) = Pref+ O*log2(F/Fref) > > where Pref and Fref are, respectively, the pitch and the > corresponding frequency of a tone of reference.
		Here a pitch of zero is equal to mid A and 12 is same as O in equation below.
	shoko.calarts.edu /pipermail/music-dsp/2004-July/027882.html (338 words)

	Guitar Scale Lengths
		Scale length also has sonic implications connected with acoustic instruments.
		While some electric guitarists use a shorter scale instrument to achieve less string tension and easier playability, others see it as an opportunity to get a "thicker" tone utilizing heavier gauge strings.
		A guitar's scale length is the distance between the bone nut or zero fret and the bridge's saddle.
	www.12fret.com /fret/fv4n7.htm (440 words)

	Acoustic Guitar Central: Questions and Answers about Guitars, Technique, Music, and Players
		For instance, Gibson's J-200 has a 25.5-inch scale (with some very early models even sporting a length of 26 inches), and Martin traditionally uses a short scale on instruments smaller than a 000.
		The guitars you've identified are good examples of instruments by major manufacturers using a short or a long scale, but each brand also offers alternative lengths.
		A longer scale results in higher string tension, often giving a guitar more volume and punch than a short-scale instrument.
	www.acousticguitar.com /issues/ag126/qanda126.html (440 words)

	item--i-TAY-510L9.html
		Their special design (just 5/8Ã¢ÂÂ shorter than standard instruments) results in instruments with a lower string tension and closer fret spacing Ã¢ÂÂ“ itÃ¢ÂÂs a whole new experience.
		TaylorÃ¢ÂÂs short scale acoustics are absolutely incredible and inspiring.
		Its tone and playability seem to achieve new heights, thanks to a scale length thatÃ¢ÂÂs 5/8 of an inch shorter than a standard model.
	www.americanmusical.com /item--i-TAY-510L9.html (440 words)

	Elderly Instruments Accessories
		Long scale plus (34", 35", 36"), roundwound nickel-plated steel, an ever popular classic bass string, medium gauge, 5-string set with high C, 030W 045W 065W 080W 100W
		long scale, made in Germany, 044w 059w 074w 107w.
		Long scale plus (34", 35", 36"), ground roundwound "Alloy 52" nickel, medium-light gauge, kind to the frets and easy on the fingers, 052W 065W 084W 103W
	www.elderly.com /accessories/strings_Bass.html (440 words)

	Stretch of the musical tone scale
		As this explanation of piano-scale stretch makes occurrence or absence of scale stretch dependent on whether or not the individual tones of the instrument are true harmonic complex tones, one should expect that instruments whose tones are truly harmonic should not have a stretch of the tone scale.
		So it is a combination of piano-string physics (stiffness for transversal oscillation) and auditory phenomena (perception of beats and unpleasantness of them) which explains - at least to a considerable extent - the stretch of the piano scale (cf.
		In summary, one may say that it is primarily the stretch of the internal pitch scale of the auditory system that is responsible for the universally observed tendency to stretch the musical tone scale.
	www.mmk.ei.tum.de /persons/ter/top/scalestretch.html (1548 words)

	Nyberg Instruments : long-scale cittern
		The 5-course (10-string) long scale cittern is a suitable choice for someone who wants to add more than just a rhythmic style to their playing.
		With the bouzouki-length scale the low course is perfect for bass hits mixed into a structured pattern.
		With this course tuned to D or E many possibilities open up.
	www.guitarmaker.ca /lscittern.html (1548 words)

	Scale-Length - Wechter Guitars
		Since the longer Strat scale requires a greater amount of tension for a given string to reach a given note.
		These shorter scale instruments were designed by Fender to enable younger players and/or musicians with shorter fingers to "get-around" easier.
		A Fender Strat utilizes a 25-1/2" scale length which is longer than those used on Mustangs (22-1/2") and a Jaguar (24").
	www.wechterguitars.com /abe_column/archive7.htm (521 words)

	NewMusicBox
		In addition, the nature of musical instruments, especially that behemoth the piano, was not going to change any time soon, but if you put two pianos together, you could tune one down 50 cents, and between them you'd have a quarter-tone scale, 24 equal steps to the octave.
		The Arditti Quartet has supposedly made a recording of Wyschnegradsky's string quartets that was released in Europe, but I've never found it.
		The theory of acoustical tuning wasn't taught in those days; thinkers as brilliant as Schoenberg and Cowell went around insisting that the 11th harmonic of C was F# (it's 551 cents, halfway between F and F#, not 600 cents), and no one really believed that you could hear such tiny pitch differences.
	www.newmusicbox.org /page.nmbx?id=17tp02 (762 words)

	The Physics of Everyday Stuff, by Sam Hokin
		Most of the first 12 overtones fall very close to tones of the Western musical scale, and one can argue that this is not coincidence: it is natural to use a musical scale which incorporates the overtones of stringed instruments.
		The Western musical scale is based on the overtone series for a string: all the overtones up to the 9th are close to notes of the equal-tempered scale (and define the notes of the perfect-tempered scale).
		The equal-tempered scale and overtone series don't match perfectly, of course, but the difference between, say, a major 3rd of the equal-tempered scale (1.2599) and the 4th overtone (1.2500) is pretty hard to hear.
	www.bsharp.org /physics/stuff/guitar.html (762 words)

	Motivate : Musical scales
		Early music and musical instruments in the west were based on these intervals of rational numbers, and so, up to the seventeenth century, musical instruments were tuned to the just scale, the scale based on these ratios.
		If you play this on a keyboard which is tuned to the just scale, with the scale of C tuned exactly, the G string will vibrate with a frequency 3/2 times that of the C string.
		The scale of C major (which uses just the white notes on a keyboard) is illustrated on the right, both in musical notation, and on a keyboard.
	www.motivate.maths.org /conferences/conf66/c66_scales.shtml (1946 words)

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Topic: Scale (string instruments)

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In the News (Sun 20 Dec 09)