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Topic: Scandinavian Mountains

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	Scandinavian Mountains - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Scandinavian Mountains, in Swedish Skanderna, Fjällen ('The Mountains') or Kölen and in Norwegian Kjølen, with the two latter meaning the Keel, are a mountain range that runs through the Scandinavian Peninsula.
		The Scandinavian mountain system is geologically connected with the mountains of Scotland, Ireland and, crossing the Atlantic Ocean, the Appalachian Mountains of North America.
		Of the 12 tallest mountain peaks in Scandinavia, 11 are situated in Oppland, Norway.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scandinavian_Mountains (367 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Nordland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Steep mountains near the sea and an almost flat lowland area in between the mountains and the sea (Strandflaten, coastal brim) is very typical for the long coastline in Nordland, and Strandflaten often continues out from the shore, the result is numerous islands (skerries), of which Helgeland have thousands.
		The interior of Nordland, towards the border with Sweden, is dominated by the KjÃ¸len mountains (Scandinavian Mountains).
		Mountain hiking is also popular, especially in the Rana /Saltfjellet area (with many caves as well), in the Narvik area and in Lofoten, but hiking is seen along the entire county.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Nordland (2091 words)

	VIAALPINA - Mountains in Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Scandinavian mountain range between Norway and Sweden is one of the oldest ranges in Europe.
		The mountains of Great Britain was formed in the same period as the Scandinavian mountains, but here the ravages of time have been even harder, and the mountains are mostly used for hillwalking or hiking.
		This long mountain chain, forming the backbone of Italy is populated by an old-time civilization, and the mountains are formed around the same time as the Scandinavian and British mountains.
	www.viaalpina.dk /e/b/beuropae.htm (1575 words)

	Scandinavia - Simple English Wikipedia
		The Scandinavian Peninsula is scarcely populated and covered with large forests of pine, birch, and spruce.
		In the western and northern parts there are mountains; the Scandinavian mountains are some of the oldest in the world.
		The Scandinavian languages are closely related, and most Scandinavians are able to understand all the languages.
	simple.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scandinavia (256 words)

	Scandinavian Mountains - Route Descriptions - Raisduottarhaldi, Halti, Ridnitsohkka (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Raisduottarhaldi is a Norwegian mountain, being the highest in this area.
		Ridnitsohkka is the Finland's 2nd highest mountain, and the highest mountain fully inside Finland.
		This mountain area is a tremendously large boulder/small rock area, without a single trail.
	impact.ii.uib.no /arnt/Peaks/halti.html (1051 words)

	Scandinavia (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Scandinavian Peninsula - a peninsula of the European continent
		Scandinavian Mountains - a mountain range on the Scandinavian Peninsula
		Scandinavian languages - a subgroup of the North Germanic languages
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scandinavia_(disambiguation) (121 words)

	Across The Scandinavian Peninsula
		The mountains and hills in the east assumed a rosy tint, which was strangely contrasted with the darker bases, and the calm blue sea reflected the images of land and sky, and, as the day advanced, the clouds changed into a fleecy whiteness.
		None should undertake the task of crossing the mountains to Qvickjock unless strong, and accustomed to long marches and hardships, for in case of bad weather the exposure is great.
		At the head is the hamlet of Skjonstuen,completely surrounded by mountains, the lowland having the appearance of the bottom of a kettle.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles31n/scandinavia-9.shtml (3659 words)

	Scandinavia Encyclopedia Article, Information, History and Biography @ HigherPower.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The name of the Scandinavian mountain range, Skanderna in Swedish, was artificially derived from Skandinavien in the 19th century, in analogy with Alperna for the Alps.
		The Scandinavian languages are (as a language family) entirely unrelated to Finnish and Estonian, which as Finno-Ugric languages are distantly related to Hungarian.
		The modern Scandinavian co-operation after World War I also came to include the independent Finland and (since 1944) Iceland and Scandinavian as a political term came to be replaced by the term Nordic countries; and eventually, in 1952, by the Nordic Council institution.
	higherpower.org /encyclopedia/Scandinavia (1935 words)

	Log Structures in Southern Appalachia
		Germans and Scotch-Irish from Pennsylvania, English from the Eastern sections of Virginia and the Carolinas, and Scandinavians from the Delaware Valley--all traveled further West and South to the rugged, isolated mountains of Appalachia.
		Mountain homes frequently had framed rooms added to the original log portion of the house (44).
		The mountain farmstead consisted of several outbuildings in addition to the house and barn.
	www.aca-dla.org /site-templates/logessay.html (2912 words)

	The Swedish Mountain Areas - Swedish EPA
		The mountain range forming the 1000 km long border with Norway to the west is less affected by human activities than most other parts of Europe.
		This belt is typical of the Scandinavian mountains and cannot be found elsewhere in Europe.
		If you are interested in visiting the mountains, it is advisable to contact a tourist information office in the area you plan to visit to find out what the area has to offer.
	www.internat.naturvardsverket.se /documents/nature/nacatego/mountain/mountain.htm (1292 words)

	Relief, drainage, and soils (from Sweden) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		To the west lie the Scandinavian mountains, through which runs the border demarcating Sweden and Norway.
		This range is characterized by numerous glaciers, the southernmost of which is on Helags Mountain (Helagsfjället), near the Norwegian border.
		The longest, however, is the Klar-Göta River, which rises in Norway and flows 447 miles, reaching Lake Vänern and continuing southward out of the lake's southern end to the North Sea; along its southernmost course are the famous falls of Trollhättan.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-30521 (1423 words)

	Scandinavian Mountains - Route Descriptions - Kebnekaise, Tuolpagorni, Vierramvare (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Kebnekaise is the highest mountain in Sweden, thus being is the natural high point in the northern mountain region of Sweden, ranging from Abisko to Sarek.
		The summit is a glacier, thus the height will vary dependent on the map and the year.
		At Kittelsbacken stream, the eastern route runs up the mountain, while the western route continues into and upwards Kitteldalen valley.
	impact.ii.uib.no /arnt/Peaks/kebnekaise.html (2203 words)

	STAU CLOUD - Cloud Structure In Satellite Images
		The Stau cloudiness mostly consists of low and middle clouds, depending on the height of the mountain range and the angle between the streamlines and the orographic obstacle.
		Sometimes Stratus and/or Fog Sheets which are slowly advected onto the mountain barrier have the same appearance as Stau cloudiness, but they are usually associated with synoptic situations with a low pressure gradient and weak winds at all levels.
		The angle and direction of the flow against the main ridge of the mountain barrier, causing a characteristic appearance of the Stau cloudiness bulge and extension towards the windward side.
	www.zamg.ac.at /docu/Manual/SatManu/CMs/Stau/structure.htm (2045 words)

	Nordic Culture > Norwegian National Parks and environment protection in Norway - Scandinavica.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Dovre mountains are the last surviving mountain ecosystem in Europe where wild reindeer, wolverine and Arctic fox coexist.
		The Norwegian Mountain Touring Association decided in 1932 that these remote mountains should be preserved as a wilderness, refraining from building cabins, marking paths or erecting signs.
		The landscape of Ånderdalen consists on barren mountains with heath and scattered birches on their lower slopes, with several lakes, rivera and waterfalls between the mountains.
	www.scandinavica.com /culture/nature/norway.htm (2939 words)

	American Long Distance Hiking Association - West
		Along the way there is a great variety of scenery - snow clad mountains, arctic tundra, huge lakes, powerful rivers, thundering waterfalls and spreading forests of birch and pine, all with a feel of the north, a sense of the vastness and space that defines northern landscapes.
		The mountains are higher, the lakes bigger, the waterfalls longer.
		Although the mountains may be small compared with others in Europe, the highest peak is 4,409-foot Ben Nevis, the northerly situation gives them a seriousness that belies their stature.
	www.aldhawest.org /gazette/V4_2_LDHEurope.asp (2053 words)

	Environmental Sensitivity and Conservation Management in the Cairngorm Mountains, Scotland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The climate in northwestern Europe in the last 50 years appears to have undergone periods of marked extreme events such as windstorms, snowstorms and events of heavy rainfall, causing floods and erosion.
		In particular, the summers in the 1990s had Mediterranean-like fluctuations with warm spells, rainstorms of "double" intensity, flooding, and landslides in the mountains.
		Two kinds of erosional processes and natural hazards, which may increase in frequency during a climatic warming, are discussed: i) snowmelt-triggered floods and slushflows in spring; and ii) rainstorm-triggered floods and debris flows in summer and autumn.
	www.ambio.kva.se /1998/Nr4_98/jun98_7.html (164 words)

	Peakware - Summit Routes on Glittertind
		Glittertind's trail ascends to the mountain's west ridge, and on to the summit icecap.
		Beware that the summit ice cap is someimes corniced toward the north.
		The above two routes are often combined for a traverse of the mountain in either direction.
	www.peakware.com /encyclopedia/peaks/routes/glittertind.htm (144 words)

	Telling Time without a Clock: The Scandinavian Daymarks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Their origins were lost long ago, and even the ancient Scandinavians may not have known exactly where the names came from--only that they referred to this time of day in the afternoon.
		On some farms, the people might find mountains for the other daymarks and name them, too--or they might use other features, like passes, waterfalls, etc. In this diagram, there are mountains named after the Rise-Measure and Mid-Evening daymarks, and their names are in brackets.
		For convenience, all Scandinavian terms are given in Old Norse (or Old Icelandic), the medieval language from which the modern Scandinavian languages are descended.
	hea-www.harvard.edu /ECT/Daymarks (4639 words)

	HIRLAM in the Numlab course at
		In the experiment the albedo and evaporation over the Scandinavian land areas were modified to simulate the surface conditions after a massive forest fire.
		The Scandinavian mountains were gradually removed during the first nine hours of integration in a simulation with a strong westerly current.
		In this experiment Scandinavian mountains were covered by ice in a late spring simulation.
	www.knmi.nl /hirlam/NewsLetters/35/Numlab-Helsinki (963 words)

	Vigdis Vandvik
		In the Scandinavian mountains, grazing animals are transported from permanent settlements in the valleys to utilise the rich pastures in the mountains during summer.
		In the mountains of Norway, the total biomass harvested by grazing and mowing has decreased by 61% from 1939 to 1996 (Edelmann 1997).
		The aim was to gain insight into the processes governing the vegetation dynamics of mountain summer farms at several scales ranging from the landscape scale via vegetation types to local populations, and to study effects of changes in the land-use regime on diversity, composition, functional and morphological traits and regeneration.
	www.uib.no /bot/ansatt/vandvik_dr.htm (706 words)

	ES 331/767 Lecture 14
		The southern mountains were deformed and uplifted by the Alpine orogeny during the early Cenozoic, and minor tectonic movements are continuing.
		The older glaciations crossed the Odra valley and terminated on the northern flank of the Sudeten Mountains.
		However, the areal distribution and chronology of glaciation are subject to considerable debate and uncertainty in the Arctic continental shelf region and northern Russia.
	academic.emporia.edu /aberjame/ice/lec14/lec14.htm (3276 words)

	gz hemsida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		After having done a few mountain hikes in the Scandinavian Mountains I was interested to try new terrain.
		Cuillin Hills are the name of some the mountains on Skye and I enter these at Sligachan after one nights sleep at the camp site at Porttree.
		This long-distance footpath started off nicely through a green billowing landscape with distant blue mountains and a lot of sheep by the path (don't drink water in the same brooks as our woolly friends, because they shit in the water).
	home.swipnet.se /walkman/etextsco.html (2349 words)

	SCANDINAVIAN MOUNTAINS
		Saksi, 2189 m, is a spectacular twin peaked mountain which, along with Storebjørn and Store Smørstabbtind, dominates the jagged skyline in the central part of the Smørstabb massif.
		From its lofty top three steep arêtes descend and separate the encircling ice sheet into three distinct glaciers.
		This however goes down the deeply crevassed Bjørnbrean glacier which is a much more serious issue.
	www.scandinavianmountains.com /Saksi.htm (1514 words)

	Ari's Base Camp - Mountains/Nordic Countries
		Climbing in the Scandinavian mountains requires sort of exploring mind as often very little information is available about many longer mountain routes.
		Altough the mountains in Jotunheimen are not that high when compared to those in the Alps, Jotunheimen has a lot to offer climbers.
		Although the mountains arent nearly as high as the mountains in Jotunheimen, they are steep and are located very close to sea.
	ari.rdx.net /abc/mountains/nordic.htm (5050 words)

	Learn more about List of mountain ranges in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Learn more about List of mountain ranges in the online encyclopedia.
		This is a list of mountain ranges organized alphabetically by continent.
		San Gabriel Mountains, Los Angeles County, California to Riverside County, California
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /l/li/list_of_mountain_ranges.html (141 words)

	Hellemobotn - english
		Over a half a metric mile between the sea and the swedish border, surrounded by high mountains everywhere, a part of a fjord which is an extension of Tysfjord, which is also a side-fjord to Vestfjorden.
		Surrounding mountain areas were rich in wild animals.
		Somebodies are arriving with boats, and others are arriving by wandering along the mountains.
	home.c2i.net /ktjihkko/index2.htm (475 words)

	Relief, drainage, and soils (from Sweden) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		The region features an undulating surface of rounded hills and mountains, large lakes, and extensive river valleys.
		The nation's chief rivers also originate in these mountains, mostly flowing southeastward with many falls and rapids and emptying into the Gulf of Bothnia or the Baltic Sea.
		Mountain Bike Racing: Are, Sweden - Muck and Mire
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-30521 (1408 words)

	Arctic and Alpine Research: Abstracts Vol. 34, No. 1
		Timing of cirque formation and the climate necessary to initiate glaciation are fundamental to the understanding of the landscape of the northern Scandinavian mountains.
		Betula ermanii (Japanese mountain birch), a dominant tree species of the subalpine and subarctic treeline ecotones in East Asia, was investigated with respect to frost hardiness, bud phenology, and woody-tissue respiration above and below snow at the treeline on Mt. Fuji, Japan.
		To compare the relative importance of soil chemical versus physical factors for explaining differences in floristic composition between communities from calcareous and siliceous rocks, we conducted a fine-scale correlative study in the northern French Alps, in which the effects of topographic variations were compared on dolomitic limestone (calcareous) and gneiss (siliceous).
	www.colorado.edu /INSTAAR/arcticalpine/volume34/34-1abs.html (2591 words)

	Walking the talk
		Even a ‘barren’ mountainous landscape may contain organisms of the potential value to humankind that we usually associate with the biodiversity found in lush tropical rain forests.
		Important questions are: the protection of mountain areas, biodiversity, sustainable use of wilderness resources, hunting and fishing, and passing on the Norwegian tradition of walking in the mountains to children and young people.
		If we are going to succeed with the Year, we need the commitment of different partners: mountain municipalities; organizations and associations which have a main interest in protecting our mountains; trade and business which rely upon them; and the thousands of individuals who gain happiness and inspiration by visiting our unique mountain areas.
	www.ourplanet.com /imgversn/131/brende.html (1033 words)

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