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Topic: Scaphoid bone

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	Scaphoid Nonunion - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
		Treatment of scaphoid nonunion by radical curettage, trapezoidal iliac crest bone graft, and internal fixation with a Herbert screw.
		Resection of the distal pole of the scaphoid for scaphoid nonunion with radioscaphoid and intercarpal arthritis.
		Bone grafting the scaphoid nonunion: a systematic review of 147 publications including 5,246 cases of scaphoid nonunion.
	www.wheelessonline.com /ortho/scaphoid_nonunion (995 words)

	UW Health
		The eight carpal bones form two rows of four bones that rest between the bones of the hand (the metacarpals) and the bones of the forearm (the radius and the ulna).
		The scaphoid bone lies between the base of the thumb and the radius in a depressed area known as the “anatomical snuff box.” This point can be found by looking at the thumb side of the hand and then moving the thumb away from the rest of the fingers.
		This causes the wrist to be forcefully extended, “pinching” the scaphoid, causing it to fracture.
	www.uwhealth.org /servlet/Satellite?cid=1147360312934&pagename=A_UWH_HOME/AArticles/AArticleLink&c=AArticles (904 words)

	Scaphoid Fracture
		It is the most commonly fractured carpal bone because it has a very important functional role in the wrist which causes it to transmit large forces, especially when the wrist is forced into an extreme position while carrying a load, for example in a fall on the outstretched hand.
		Diagnosis of scaphoid fracture should be suspected when there is pain and tenderness, especially in the hollow between the base of the thumb and the wrist (“anatomical snuff box”).
		The small bone graft can be taken from the forearm (radius bone) close to the wrist, or from the hip (the sharp bone prominence that the trouser belt rests on).
	www.evans-hand.com /scaphoid.htm (560 words)

	Trapezium (bone) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This bone is a carpal bone, in the section commonly referred to as the wrist.
		It articulates distally with the first metacarpal bone (of the thumb) and proximally with the scaphoid bone.
		It articulates with the trapezoid bone and the second metacarpal bone medially.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trapezium_(bone) (95 words)

	Diagnosis and management of scaphoid fractures American Family Physician - Find Articles
		Scaphoid fractures are rare children and the elderly because of the relative weakness of the distal radius compared with the scaphoid in these age groups.
		The scaphoid is a biomechanically important, boat-shaped carpal bone (from the Greek "skaphos," meaning "boat") that articulates with the distal radius, trapezium, and capitate.
		Pain with the scaphoid compression test (i.e., axially/longitudinally compressing a patient's thumb along the line of the first metacarpal) also was shown, in a retrospective analysis, (6) to be helpful in identifying a scaphoid fracture, but in another study, (7) this technique had a poor predictive value for identifying scaphoid fractures.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_5_70/ai_n6182471?lstpn=article_results&lstpc=search&lstpr=external&lstprs=other&lstwid=1&lstwn=search_results&lstwp=body_middle (743 words)

	Albert Swafford, M.D.
		The scaphoid bone is located on the thumb side of your wrist, close to the lower arm bones.
		Unless the fracture is displaced (the bone ends no longer touch each other), it may be difficult to see a scaphoid fracture on the first set of X-rays.
		Most scaphoid fractures may be treated with immobilization in either a cast that covers the lower arm, the wrist and the thumb.Displacemnt or instability generally indicate need for surgical treatment.
	www.drswafford.com /hw/sf.htm (701 words)

	American Family Physician: Diagnosis and management of scaphoid fractures
		Scaphoid fractures are rare children and the elderly because of the relative weakness of the distal radius compared with the scaphoid in these age groups.
		The scaphoid is a biomechanically important, boat-shaped carpal bone (from the Greek "skaphos," meaning "boat") that articulates with the distal radius, trapezium, and capitate.
		Pain with the scaphoid compression test (i.e., axially/longitudinally compressing a patient's thumb along the line of the first metacarpal) also was shown, in a retrospective analysis, (6) to be helpful in identifying a scaphoid fracture, but in another study, (7) this technique had a poor predictive value for identifying scaphoid fractures.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_5_70/ai_n6182471 (1277 words)

	The Physician and Sportsmedicine: Scaphoid Fractures
		Scaphoid injuries are most commonly seen in young men, are often misdiagnosed as sprained wrists, and are rarely seen in children because the distal radial physis usually fails first.
		Scaphoid fracture pain is usually described as a dull, deep discomfort in the wrist on the thumb side.
		Because of the multiple forces on the scaphoid, many different positions of wrist immobilization have been used; however, healing rates of 90% have been achieved with all methods and most types of scaphoid fractures, suggesting that the position of the wrist may be irrelevant (3,4).
	www.physsportsmed.com /issues/1996/08_96/gutierez.htm (2350 words)

	Scaphoid Fracture of the Wrist-Overview
		A scaphoid fracture is a break in a small bone on the thumb side of your wrist.
		Of the eight carpal bones in your wrist, your scaphoid bone is the most likely one to break.
		Scaphoid fractures often happen while a person is playing sports such as football, soccer, or basketball or during activities such as Rollerblading, skateboarding, or bike riding.
	www.webmd.com /a-to-z-guides/Scaphoid-Fracture-of-the-Wrist-Overview (940 words)

	wrist injury treatment \| scaphoid fracture treatment
		It is a boat-shaped bone, which articulates directly with the radius proximally and is a critical link in the mechanism of the carpus.
		A complex series of interosseous ligaments exists between the scaphoid and other carpal bones: the scapholunate ligament appears to be the primary stabiliser between the scaphoid and lunate and the radioscaphocapitate and scaphotrapezial ligaments are secondary stabilisers(2).
		Scaphoid views are performed first and if no fracture is seen but highly suspected, the patient is commonly placed in a scaphoid cast (Colles type cast with thumb spica) and asked to return a week to 10 days later for a follow-up X-ray.
	www.sportsinjurybulletin.com /archive/wrist-injury-scaphoid.html (2539 words)

	SCAPHOID FRACTURES - FAQ
		This scaphoid bone is particularly prone to this for several reasons: there is the possibility of the fracture being missed at the initial injury leading to a delay in treatment; secondly, the bone has a poor blood supply.
		The average time for a fracture of the waist of the scaphoid of a bone that is not displaced is three months in a cast.
		After a nonunion and bone grafting, this period is three months unless the blood flow is poor in which case the period of activity restriction may be longer.
	www.arthroscopy.com /sp04013.htm (1995 words)

	Treatment of scaphoid nonunion with a vascularized bone graft harvested from the volar aspect of the radius
		The principle of this bone graft is based on the presence of an anastomotic arterial network on the palmar aspect of the distal part of the two bones of the forearm (fig 2).
		The surgical approach is a standard scaphoid approach that is to say the distal part of the Henry approach which can be extended either by an lateral distal extension towards the scaphoid tubercle or by a medial extension making it possible to enlarge the incision by opening the carpal tunel (fig 5a, fig 5b).
		The scaphoid reduction is performed using a chisel placed between the 2 scaphoid fragments and asking the operating assistant to pull on the thumb thus applying axial traction.
	www.maitrise-orthop.com /corpusmaitri/orthopaedic/105_mathoulin/mathoulinus.shtml (2328 words)

	Fracture of the Scaphoid - DynoMed.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Because the scaphoid does not have a good blood supply, fractures to this bone are sometimes difficult to heal.
		The type of accident causing this injury is usually not preventable. Wearing wrist guards during roller- blading or snowboarding helps protect the bones of the wrist, as does the protective gear worn in contact sports such as hockey, football, and boxing.
		As a scaphoid fracture sometimes does not appear in the first x-ray; a repeat x-ray at one or two weeks may be recommended. Your doctor may advise you to immobilize the injury even if the x-rays appear normal.
	www.dynomed.com /encyclopedia/encyclopedia/hand_and_wrist/Fracture_of_the_scaphoid.html (497 words)

	Scaphoid Fracture of the Wrist - Orthogate - Improving orthopedic care, education and research with Internet ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The scaphoid bone is a small carpal bone on the thumb side (radial side) of the wrist.
		After the bone graft is placed between the parts of the scaphoid bone, some surgeons also insert a metal pin or screw across the bone.
		If the bone is in good alignment, and there are no problems with the blood supply to the bone, you may be placed in a cast for nine to 12 weeks.
	www.orthogate.org /patient-education/wrist/scaphoid-fracture-of-the-wrist.html (1850 words)

	KORT - Kentucky Orthopedic Rehab Team (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The scaphoid bone is a carpal bone near the base of the thumb.
		The carpal bones connect the two bones of the forearm, the radius and the ulna, to the bones of the hand.
		If the bone is in good alignment, and there are no problems with the blood supply to the bone, you may be placed in a cast for nine to twelve weeks.
	www.kort.com /wrist/wristscaphoid.asp (1812 words)

	Scaphoid Fracture
		The most common types of wrist fractures are those involving one of the wrist bones, such as the scaphoid bone, and those involving a break of the end of the forearm bones.
		A Colles fracture is a wrist fracture involving a break of the end of the radius bone of the forearm ("distal radius fracture").
		Also, one set of wrist bones (yellow) attached to one end of the bone pull in different directions than others (white) attached to the other end of the bone, pulling so strongly that it may not be possible to hold them together with any type of cast.
	www.eatonhand.com /hw/hw021.htm (622 words)

	Wrist Fracture, Overview, UPMC \| University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The wrist is made up of the two bones in the forearm (radius and ulna) and eight carpal bones.
		The carpal bones connect the end of the forearm bones with the bases of the fingers.
		scaphoid fracture —; a break in the scaphoid, a bone located on the thumb side of the wrist where it meets the radius
	handandwrist.upmc.com /WristFracture/Overview.htm (378 words)

	Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 270
		—The navicular bone is situated at the medial side of the tarsus, between the talus behind and the cuneiform bones in front.
		The lateral surface is rough and irregular for the attachment of ligaments, and occasionally presents a small facet for articulation with the cuboid bone.
		It is situated at the medial side of the foot, between the navicular behind and the base of the first metatarsal in front.
	www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page270.html (413 words)

	VanDemark (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The scaphoid bone is a carpal bone near the base of the thumb.
		The scaphoid bone is a small carpal bone on the thumb side (radial side) of the wrist.
		A scaphoid fracture is almost always caused by a fall on the outstretched hand.
	www.vandemarkortho.com /patient/pated/wrist/wrist_scaphoid_fracture.html (1808 words)

	Scaphoid (wrist bone) Fracture
		The scaphoid is one of the small bones in the wrist.
		The scaphoid is located on the thumb side of the wrist, in the area where the wrist bends.
		Bone grafts may be taken from a bone in the forearm or the pelvis, or it may be manufactured.
	orthoinfo.aaos.org /fact/thr_report.cfm?Thread_ID=253&topcategory=Hand (1480 words)

	eMedicine - Wrist, Scaphoid Fractures and Complications : Article Excerpt by: Carol A Boles, MD
		Pathophysiology: The primary mechanism of injury to the scaphoid bone is a fall on an outstretched hand.
		A scaphoid fracture is part of a spectrum of injuries based on 4 factors: (1) the direction of 3-dimensional loading, (2) the magnitude and duration of the force, (3) the position of the hand and wrist at the time of injury, and (4) the biomechanical properties of ligaments and bones.
		In the sagittal plane, the proximal and distal articular surfaces of the scaphoid are identified and a line drawn perpendicular to this (similar to determining the line for the lunate in evaluating capitolunate and scapholunate angles).
	www.emedicine.com /radio/byname/wrist-scaphoid-fractures-and-complications.htm (570 words)

	Scaphoid Fractures
		The scaphoid fracture is the second most common broken bone in the wrist area.
		The scaphoid is one of the eight small carpal bones present between the wrist joint and the fingers (see illustrations at left).
		When the scaphoid bone is struck, the already poor blood supply to the bone is damaged, which interrupts the flow of healing nutrients carried by your blood.
	www.wristhand.com /scaphoid.html (148 words)

	Medcyclopaedia - Scaphoid
		one of the bones in the proximal row of carpal bones.
		AP radiograph of the wrist demonstrates a subacute fracture of the waist of the scaphoid.
		Relatively increased radiodensity in the proximal pole is secondary to ischaemic necrosis.
	www.medcyclopaedia.com /library/topics/volume_iii_1/s/scaphoid.aspx (660 words)

	Wrist Fracture - Broken Wrist, Scaphoid Fracture, Colles' Fracture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The carpal bones connect the end of the forearm bones with the bases of the fingers.
		Scaphoid Fracture– A break in the scaphoid, a bone located on the thumb side of the wrist where it meets the radius.
		A wrist fracture is caused by trauma to the bones in the wrist.
	www.upmc.com /HealthManagement/ManagingYourHealth/HealthReference/Diseases/?chunkiid=11462 (620 words)

	Scaphoid Fracture
		Fractures of the scaphoid, a bone in your wrist, are not to be taken lightly.
		The scaphoid bone is located on the thumb side of your wrist, close to the lower arm bones (see the diagram and xray at the top of the page).
		In the scaphoid, the blood supply to the bone enters from the distal end, that is, the end toward your fingers.
	www.davidlnelson.md /scaphoid_fracture.htm (1029 words)

	Radiology In Ped Emerg Med, Vol 1, Case 14
		On the enlarged views of the scaphoid, there is a slight irregularity of the cortex on the lateral side.
		The scaphoid bone is the most commonly fractured carpal bone.
		Even if there is no obvious radiographic evidence of a scaphoid fracture, all patients with point tenderness over the anatomic snuff box region should be properly immobilized in the ED and referred to an orthopedist for further evaluation and management.
	www.hawaii.edu /medicine/pediatrics/pemxray/v1c14.html (904 words)

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