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Topic: Scapula

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	Scapula & Clavicle Articulations
		Forward movement away the midline of the body; moving the scapula away from the spine during protration of the shoulder girdle.
		Rotary movement of the scapula; moving inferior angle of scapula laterally and upward.
		Rotary movement of the scapula; moving inferior angle of scapula medially and downward.
	www.exrx.net /Articulations/Scapula.html (88 words)

	II. Osteology. 6a. 2. The Scapula (Shoulder Blade). Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		The spine is a prominent plate of bone, which crosses obliquely the medial four-fifths of the dorsal surface of the scapula at its upper part, and separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa.
		—Of the three borders of the scapula, the superior is the shortest and thinnest; it is concave, and extends from the medial angle to the base of the coracoid process.
		At birth, a large part of the scapula is osseous, but the glenoid cavity, the coracoid process, the acromion, the vertebral border, and the inferior angle are cartilaginous.
	www.bartleby.com /107/50.html (1934 words)

	Shoulder (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The scapula is a roughly triangular bone, featuring three defining "vertices." These include the superior and inferior angles (which define the medial border of the scapula) and the neck of the scapula, which leads to the glenoid cavity.
		The scapula (shoulder blade) is a roughly triangular bone which, with the clavicle, forms the pectoral, or shoulder, girdle.
		Its head (proximal end) is articulated with the scapula (at the glenoid cavity), while the distal end articulates with the bones of the forearm (radius and ulna) to form the elbow joint.
	www.american.edu /adonahue/k7shoulder.htm (574 words)

	The Scapula - Wikimd (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Borders—Of the three borders of the scapula, the superior is the shortest and thinnest; it is concave, and extends from the medial angle to the base of the coracoid process.
		The inferior angle thick and rough, is formed by the union of the vertebral and axillary borders; its dorsal surface affords attachment to the Teres major and frequently to a few fibers of the Latissimus dorsi.
		206)—The scapula is ossified from seven or more centers: one for the body, two for the coracoid process, two for the acromion, one for the vertebral border, and one for the inferior angle.
	www.wikimd.org /index.php?title=The_Scapula (0 words)

	eMedicine - Scapula Fracture : Article by Thomas P Goss, MD
		The spinoglenoid notch is the gap between the acromion and the glenoid neck of the scapula.
		Laboratory evaluation for patients with a scapula fracture that results from a high-energy mechanism generally is the same as that of a trauma patient.
		Goss TP: The scapula: coracoid, acromial, and avulsion fractures.
	www.emedicine.com /orthoped/topic554.htm (4587 words)

	scapulae - yoga and asana
		That edge is where the acromion of the scapula and the clavicle meet, hence the name acromioclavicular joint.
		The scapula connects to the humerus or upper arm bone with muscle, it connects to the rib cage with muscle and it connects to the spine with muscle.
		The purpose of the scapulae is to enable the arm to move smoothly and with full range of motion while maintaining stability at the shoulder joint.
	www.vancouveryoga.com /scaplae_yoga.html (0 words)

	Scapula Stabilization
		The role of the scapula in stabilization of the shoulder joint and its influence in rehabilitation.
		The final muscle connected to the scapula is the deltoid, contributing to the strength of all shoulder movements.
		The first role required of the scapula is the maintenance of stable and controlled mobility at the glenohumeral joint.
	engineering.union.edu /~worthm/Scapula.htm (0 words)

	Scapula (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It is a flat bone in the form of an inverted triangle, and lies on the posterior thoracic wall between the 2nd and 7th ribs.
		The posterior (dorsal) surface is divided into two unequal fossae by the spine of the scapula, which projects shelf-like and posteriorly, angling upwards from the medial border to end in a free lateral process, the acromion, which articulates with the clavicle.
		The supero-lateral angle of the scapula forms the shallow, pear-shaped glenoid cavity or fossa, which articulates with the head of the humerus.
	www.anatomist.co.uk /MusculoskeletalSystem/Scapula.htm (0 words)

	Dr. Nath - Winging Scapula Injury Expert Specializing in Long Thoracic Nerve, Serratus Anterior Injury and Long ...
		Botes had winging scapula surgery in January 2004, performed by Dr. Rahul Nath, a reconstructive microsurgeon at the Texas Medical Center in Houston, Texas.
		Winging of the scapula due to long thoracic nerve palsy is a common diagnosis and should be treated as a significant functional problem.
		It must be recognized that scapular winging is not simply an aesthetic issue; the compensatory muscular activity required to improve shoulder stability is associated with secondary pain and spasm due to muscle imbalances and tendonitis around the shoulder joint.
	www.drnathwingingscapula.com (731 words)

	Tertullian : The Address of Q. Sept. Tertullian, To Scapula Tertullus, Proconsul of Africa. Tr. by Sir David Dalrymple ...
		Hence it appears that Scapula Tertullus was high in office towards the latter end of the reign of Marcus Antoninus.
		The discourse was read in the Senate [in Senatu recitata]," by reason of the absence of the emperor 35 on his military expeditions.
		If we suppose Scapula Tertullus to have been a man of sixty-three or sixty-four when Tertullian addressed him, there will be no anachronism in the ranking him among the favourites of Faustina; and thus the passage in Julius Capitolinus, and l.
	www.tertullian.org /articles/dalrymple_scapula.htm (3265 words)

	Fracture of the scapula -DynoMed.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The scapulas are the large, flat, triangular bones that form the back part of the shoulder. They are covered by muscles on both surfaces which attach to the ribs and spine and then to the muscles of the arm.
		The scapula and humerus form the glenohumeral joint. This is what you would normally think of as your ‘shoulder joint’. The glenohumeral joint is a ball-and-socket joint, consisting of the head of the humerus (ball) and the glenoid fossa (socket), which is formed by a slightly hollowed portion of the end of the shoulder blade.
		The scapula can be fractured in 3 different areas: the body of the scapula; the neck of the scapula or glenoid (which connects the humerus—upper arm bone—to the shoulder joint); or the acromion process (which connects to the acromioclavicular joint bone in the shoulder).
	www.dynomed.com /encyclopedia/encyclopedia/shoulder/Fracture_of_the_Scapula.html (0 words)

	Functional Anatomy
		The scapula is the foundation of the upper quadrant of the body, responsible for proximal stability.
		The scapula is vital to proper mechanics, due to the vast majority of muscles surrounding it.
		The upper trap assists in upward rotation of the scapula and is critical in overhead motion.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~athmed/scaprhythm/funcanatomy.html (0 words)

	Bison Scapula Hoes
		The bison scapula hoe was a common cultivating implement among the Plains Village Indians.
		The scapula hoe was made from the large flat shoulder blade of the bison.
		The shoulder blade or scapula was trimmed to remove the spine and rough sections along one face to form a large and fairly flat piece of bone.
	www.ou.edu /cas/archsur/OKArtifacts/scaphoe.htm (0 words)

	Levator Scapula Syndrome
		It passes downward and lateral to insert on the vertebral border of the scapula above the scapula spine.
		Its contraction elevates the scapula, tends to draw it medial, and rotates it to lower the lateral angle.
		Irritability of the levator scapula muscle can be detected by firm finger probing of the muscle or with instrumentation, such as the DSR zone finder, which can measure increased skin resistance over the muscle.
	www.chiroweb.com /archives/16/13/08.html (0 words)

	Scapula - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The anterior (front) side of the scapula shows the fossa subscapularis (subscapular fossa) to which the subscapularis muscle attaches.
		It begins flat at the base of the shoulder bone, ascends in distal direction for all animals but carnivores and humans to its peak at about the middle of the scapula, this peak is called tuber scapulae.
		The scapula also articulates with the clavicle, via the acromion process (the acromioclavicular joint).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scapula (0 words)

	PUBLIUS OSTORIUS SCAPULA (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Caratacus, his army defeated in battle somewhere in the territories of the Ordovices in mid-Wales, fled to the Brigantes where he was captured and handed over to Scapula by Cartimandua in AD50.
		Following this, Scapula established a frontier zone along the Welsh border from Whitchurch to Usk via Leintwardine, but his army began to suffer serious losses in the field whilst fighting a guerilla war against the Silures, and he died from illness intensified by exhaustion during the winter of AD51/52.
		Quintus was evidently suffect consul, the colleague of Publius (or Gaius) Suillius Rufus, sometime after the death of Augustus (see AE 1980.907; not shown), and a legislative act of theirs dated four days before the ides of November (AE 1995.301b; also not shown) indicates that theirs were likely the last consulships of that particular year.
	www.roman-britain.org /people/scapula.htm (0 words)

	Snapping Scapula Syndrome - Orthogate - The Gateway to the Orthopedic Internet
		It passes in front of the scapula, wraps around the chest wall, and connects to the ribs on the front part of the chest.
		Snapping scapula is caused by problems in the soft tissues or bones of the scapula and chest wall.
		This means the scapula bumps or rubs on the rib bones during movement.
	www.orthogate.com /patient-education/shoulder/snapping-scapula-syndrome.html (0 words)

	AAOS Online Service Fact Sheet Fracture of the Shoulder Blade (Scapula)
		Triangular, mobile and protected by a complex of surrounding muscles, the shoulder blade (scapula) is rarely broken.
		Scapula fractures represent less than 1 percent of all broken bones.
		Fractures of the neck of the scapula with severe angular deformity.
	orthoinfo.aaos.org /fact/thr_report_pows.cfm?Thread_ID=280&mailname=Guido%20Marra%2C%20MD&patientpage=patient_info2.cfm&webid=2342 (384 words)

	Shoulder1.com - Broken Scapula
		An extremely strong bone surrounded by muscle and soft tissue, the scapula is not often broken; broken scapulas represent less than 1 percent of all fractures in the body.
		As it is most often caused by an extremely strong blow, a broken scapula often accompanies other ailments, such as broken ribs, skull, or collarbone, a bruised or collapsed lung, and injury to the nerves between the shoulder and neck.
		A broken scapula is often treated conservatively, meaning that an orthopedic specialist will manipulate the bones back into place and instruct the patient to wear a sling for two to three weeks.
	www.shoulder1.com /care/condition20.cfm/24 (0 words)

	Harrison has broken scapula - The Boston Globe
		Safety Rodney Harrison suffered his second significant injury in two years, breaking his scapula in Sunday night's game against the Colts, according to a league source.
		The injury to the shoulder blade won't require surgery, although a timetable for Harrison's return is unknown.
		He was playing in his eighth regular-season game since returning from a major knee injury in 2005 in which he tore three ligaments.
	www.boston.com /sports/football/patriots/articles/2006/11/08/harrison_has_broken_scapula (644 words)

	Orthopedics: Winged scapula
		I have now been to the doctor who tells me that it is a winged scapula - he is referring me to an osteopath, to diagnose and then maybe physiotherapy.
		A Winging Scapula is typically caused by a weak Serratus Anterior muscle.
		The Serratus Anterior muscle is also known as the boxer's muscle, because that is one of the motions it does: it protracts (or brings the shoulder forward).
	en.allexperts.com /q/Orthopedics-980/Winged-scapula.htm (0 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The canine scapula is a large, flat bone composed of a body with a longitudinally running, flat spine; a neck; and the glenoid, or articular surface.
		The feline scapula is similar to the canine in overall anatomical appearance; however, it is a shorter bone.
		The scapula is formed by multiple separate centers of ossification in immature animals.
	cal.vet.upenn.edu /saortho/chapter_20/20mast.htm (0 words)

	Scapula 1
		The scapula is a thin triangular shaped bone that lies on the dorsal surface of the rib cage.
		The most prominent features of the scapula are the processes for the attachment of muscles.
		The most prominent process on the posterior surface of the scapula is the spine which terminates in the acromion process.
	bioweb.uwlax.edu /aplab/Table_of_Contents/Lab_04/Scapula_1/scapula_1.html (0 words)

	Health Library -
		The scapula is one of the main bones of the shoulder joint.
		Scapula fractures may be serious when the part of the scapula involving the shoulder joint is injured.
		A scapula fracture may be a sign that a serious injury to the heart, lungs, spine, or blood vessels in the chest has occurred.
	www.yourhealthinformation.com /library/healthguide/en-us/support/topic.asp?hwid=tw9146 (0 words)

	Winged Scapula
		A winged scapula is a shoulder injury or condition in which the scapula or shoulder blade sticks out at the back, particular when pushing against something such as a wall.
		A winged scapula is associated with damage or a contusion to the long thoracic nerve of the shoulder and / or weakness in the serratus anterior muscle.
		Damage to the nerve can be caused by a contusion or blunt trauma of the shoulder, traction of the neck and can also sometimes follow a vial illness.
	www.sportsinjuryclinic.net /cybertherapist/front/shoulder/winged_scapula.htm (224 words)

	Gross Anatomy: THE SHOULDER GIRDLE
		When the scapula is passively protracted by action of the pectoralis major muscle on the humerus, the serratus anterior acts to stabilize the scapula and keep it applied to the thoracic wall.
		Medial border of the scapula; from the root of the spine to the inferior angle
		Upward Rotation of the scapula involves rotating the glenoid cavity upward while moving the inferior angle laterally; downward rotation involves rotating the glenoid cavity downward while the inferior angle moves medially.
	www.upstate.edu /cdb/grossanat/limbs3.shtml (0 words)

	Home Page
		Scapular winging associated with serratus anterior dysfunction is characterized by prominence of the lower tip of the scapula and loss of scapula protraction during shoulder elevation.
		The effect of this "bow-stringing" across a fascial tether would be further exacerbated with medial and upward migration of the superior scapula, as often occurs concurrent with shoulder girdle muscle strength imbalances common with deconditioning or injury to the dynamic scapular stabilizers.
		The physical examination of all patients revealed medial deviation of the inferior angle of the scapula and prominent winging of the medial border of the scapula with backward pressure on the shoulder as in pushing off a wall.
	freespace.virgin.net /steven.fromm/index.htm (0 words)

	Scapula
		206) The scapula is ossified from seven or more centers: one for the body, two for the coracoid process, two for the acromion, one for the vertebral border, and one for the inferior angle.
		Failure of bony union between the acromion and spine sometimes occurs, the junction being effected by fibrous tissue, or by an imperfect articulation; in some cases of supposed fracture of the acromion with ligamentous union, it is probable that the detached segment was never united to the rest of the bone.
		After suffering a broken scapula on a fluke play in practice in late November, the Minnesota State forward missed eight hockey games before returning to the lineup a week ago at Minnesota.
	www.mrsci.com /Upper-Limb-Anatomy/Scapula.php (0 words)

	Scapular Motions
		The stabilizing hand should be on the medial and superior border of the scapula.
		The therapist should stabilize at the inferior angle and medial border of the scapula.
		Stabilizing hand is on the medial border of the scapula.
	www.lhup.edu /yingram/jennifer/webpage/scapular_motions.htm (0 words)

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