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Topic: Schema logic

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	Schema : Schema (logic) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Schema is a Greek word meaning: A minimal and specialized ontology, i.
		In formal logic, a rule (usually recursively definable) describing a set (usually infinite) of statements.
		For example, the axiom schema of replacement is a schema of axioms in axiomatic set theory.
	www.termsdefined.net /sc/schema-(logic).html (408 words)

	[No title]
		Logical semantics also provides a natural approach, through proof systems, to verifiably correct implementations, that is sometimes simpler than the denotational and algebraic approaches.
		Other relations from logic do {\em not\/} correspond directly to computational relations, but can be understood by their connections to the quaternary form, in which the logic/computation correspondence is direct and transparent.
		Logic is distinguished from other technical sciences, not by the formal definition of the systems that it studies, but rather by the use of logical concepts to evaluate these systems.
	www.people.cs.uchicago.edu /~odonnell/OData/Technical_Papers/Intro_Logic_Prog/intro.tex (11320 words)

	Analyticity and Validity in 1st order Predicate Logic
		The sentence schemata in Predicate Logic are used to represent sentences which make claims about the individuals inhabiting some universe of discourse--the subset of the world which we choose to represent--and their properties and relations to one another.
		In Sentential Logic, we can prove an argument schema to be invalid by specifying a set of truth assignments to the sentential letters which results in true premises and a false conclusion; we thereby show that one line of the argument schema's truth table allows an interpretation having true premises and a false conclusion.
		A "quantified argument schema" is an argument schema containing at least one "quantified sentence schema;" a "quantified sentence schema" is a sentence schema containing at least one prefix.
	www.lawrence.edu /fac/boardmaw/analytic_essay.html (2017 words)

	mental logic chapter
		Given that the competing mental logic and mental model accounts of propositional reasoning have led to a prolific exchange of arguments and counter-arguments, as well as analyses and re-analyses of foundational work, one would assume that a neutral observer would have enough data to determine which theory better describes such reasoning.
		In contrast, the mental logic experiments typically employ less complex propositions concerning letters on an imaginary flboard, use unspecified disjunctions, and present the two relevant premises simultaneously on the same page (e.g., [On the flboard] There is an L or a C; There is not a C), i.e., no memory load is imposed.
		As described earlier, the mental logic position argues that reasoners ought to provide correct conclusions to the premise set not both p and q;p more readily than the premise set that prompts modus tollens (if p then q;not-q) because the former is in the mental logic repertoire and the latter is not.
	www.isc.cnrs.fr /nov/NovPltz.html (6538 words)

	Chris's Rants: W3C XML Schema Interoperability? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Some would like a formally defined subset of XML Schema, omitting some of the more advanced features, that would be geared towards consumption by Web services toolkits that generate databinding code in their favorite programming language.
		If you don't have that luxury and are doing top-down development of schemas in an open standards development forum such as OASIS, circulate the draft schema amongst the various participants and have them use their favorite development tools to validate the schema and report back any issues.
		If the schema does not validate according to one or more of the resources, the developer should work through the issues as if they were bugs in the schema until the schema validates cleanly using multiple sources of validation.
	webpages.charter.net /chrisfer/2004/04/w3c-xml-schema-interoperability.html (553 words)

	Logic grammars and XML Schema (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In the purchase-order schema, there will be exactly one such rule for each element type, but in schemas which have substitution groups, there might be several (one for each member of an element’s substitution group).
		In particular, a schema processor is expected not to fail in the presence of invalid data, but merely to mark it invalid and return the appropriate post-schema-validation infoset.
		The regularities of schema processing would be more obvious, and much of this redundancy could be eliminated, if we represented simple types, complex types, attributes, and elements not as sets of Prolog rules but as structured data, which is passed to parsing rules as a parameter.
	www.mulberrytech.com /Extreme/Proceedings/html/2003/Sperberg-McQueen01/EML2003Sperberg-McQueen01.html (8389 words)

	Logic grammars and XML Schema: Table of Contents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The W3C XML Schema specification is dense and sometimes hard to follow; some have suggested it would be better to write specifications in formal, executable languages, so that questions could be answered just by running the spec.
		Representing schemas as logic grammars offers a better approach: logic grammars can mirror the wording of the XML Schema specification and, at the same time, provide a runnable implementation of it.
		Logic grammars are formal grammars written in logic-programming systems; in the implementation described here, logic grammars capture both the general rules of XML Schema and the specific rules of a particular schema.
	www.mulberrytech.com /Extreme/Proceedings/html/2003/Sperberg-McQueen01/EML2003Sperberg-McQueen01-toc.html (129 words)

	An XML Schema validator in logic-grammar form
		At one level, a DCTG for schema documents in XML Schema 1.0 notation parses the documents and builds a schema, that is a set of components, represented as Prolog structures in the format defined by DCTG.
		The only missing piece is the translation of schema components (in the format described in the preceding section) into a definite-clause translation grammar (of the form described in the paper A logic-grammar representation of XML Schemas.
		During schema construction, implementations are likely to retain QName values for such references, in case subsequent processing provides a referent.
	www.w3.org /People/cmsmcq/2003/xsvlgf.html (4120 words)

	Towards a logical foundation for XML Schema
		This paper defines a logic in which to express constraints on W3C XML Schema components and relationships between components and XML infoset items, for use in a formal rewriting of the W3C XML Schema Recommendations.
		The logic is essentially a constraint language over path expressions, interpreted equally with respect to an Infoset graph or a schema component graph.
		By 'logic' I mean the traditional three-part story comprised of a sentential form, a model theory and an interpretation.
	idealliance.org /papers/dx_xmle04/html/abstract/02-06-02.html (77 words)

	Oracle: Tablespace and Schema
		schema is logic concept, it include all the database objects belongs a user.
		Schema and Tablespaces are not related.Schema is basically a logical concept which roughly can be said user.Each database can have multiple users as well as schemas.In a schema we have various database objects for that user and not available to other users(schema) unless and until explicit permissions are given.
		Tablespace is a logical entity for keeping the information related to tables, indexes etc.While creating these object you can specify that which tablespace it should go in.Data in the tablespace is stored in physical drive as form of files, called data files.A table space can have multiple data files.
	www.experts-exchange.com /Databases/Oracle/Q_20519340.html (520 words)

	[Dev] Schema migration roadmap
		Perhaps eventually "automated schema migration for all OSAF-provided parcels" at some specific release number, like 1.0 (pre-1.0 would be better so that migration processes are tested before a 1.0 final).
		Hopefully, none of the schemas ever change and none of this comes into play ;) The community could perhaps help here with migration scripts, if the pre-change and post-change schemas are documented sufficiently.
		The database itself records which schema version it currently is. If there's a jump in schema versions, the scripts are run, one at a time, to migrate to each point release in sequence.
	lists.osafoundation.org /pipermail/dev/2005-May/002858.html (580 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The syntax-semantics interface for the time being is left for future study, though we expect the architecture to be consistent with the range of currently available approaches, including the various schemes of semantic underspecification discussed by Richter and Sailer (1999c) and Asudeh's (2001) glue-logical approach.
		Details of the syntactic logic (with application to neutralization and coordination) are given in Pollard 2001, to be presented next week at the Trondheim Summer School and the following Sunday at FGMOL 2001.
		Our semantics is hyperintensional, in the sense that the closed terms of the semantic logic denote intensional entities (such as propositions, properties, and individual concepts) to start with; such entities do not have to be constructed as functions from worlds to extensional entities.
	www.ling.hf.ntnu.no /HPSG2001/papers/pollard.txt (1142 words)

	Generalised Logic Program Transformation Schemas - Buyukyildiz, Flener (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Schema-based logic program transformation has proven to be an effective technique for the optimisation of programs.
		This paper results from the research that began by investigating the suggestions in [11] to construct a more general database of transformation schemas for optimising logic programs at the declarative level.
		The proposed transformation schemas fully automate accumulator introduction (also known as descending computational generalisation), tupling generalisation (a special case...
	citeseer.lcs.mit.edu /buyukyildiz97generalised.html (588 words)

	A definite-clause grammar representation of an XSD schema
		A definite-clause grammar representation of an XSD schema
		For each element type in the schema, we create one rule in the grammar, which will serve to match the start-tag, get the attributes and contents of the element, and call routines to check the attributes and content against the complex type.
		The test documents mentioned in the text were created manually to test the implementation of a schema corresponding to the schema document po1.xsd of the XML Schema tutorial [W3C 2001a].
	jp.w3.org /People/cmsmcq/2004/podcg.html (3897 words)

	A logic grammar representation for XML Schema
		The term logic grammar is used to denote grammars written in logic-programming systems; this paper works with definite-clause translation grammars (DCTGs), which employ a formalism which closely resembles attribute grammars as described by [Knuth 1968] and later writers.
		In a separate paper [Sperberg-McQueen 2003a], I have illustrated how logic grammar formalisms can be used to elaborate a document grammar which supports the most important features of XML Schema 1.0.
		A pair of a local name and a namespace name (or absent) resolve to a schema component of a specified kind in the context of validation by appeal to the appropriate property of the schema being used for the assessment.
	jp.w3.org /People/cmsmcq/2003/lgrxs.html (7656 words)

	Notes on logic grammars and XML Schema
		A simplified representation of the purchase-order schema po1.xsd from the XML Schema tutorial [W3C 2001a] shows how a DCG can be used to support DTD-style validation in a straightforward way In section 3, I describe definite-clause translation grammars (DCTGs), which provide a slightly more convenient notation for complex attribute grammars than do DCGs.
		Before starting on the schema processor, however, it may be helpful to review the basics of definite-clause grammars and their notation.
		The purchase order schema po.xsd defines the following fifteen element types: the list gives the simple names which will be used to refer to them in the grammar below, as well as their schema-component designator as defined in Holstege/Vedamuthu 2002.
	www.w3.org /People/cmsmcq/2003/dctgnotes.html (9943 words)

	Difference to Inference Article
		I mean structure in the sense of logical structure, mathematical structure, or grammatical structure.
		In building applications and operating systems, designers and programmers have a plan, a schema, an overall logic of how a program works and of how its various functions relate to each other.
		I assume that this is because switching repeatedly forces users to learn higher-order logic that are common to the structures of all programs.
	www.psych.utah.edu /malloy/J-ITM_Difference_to_Inference00-09-26/JITM-Diff_to_Inf.htm (4821 words)

	Re: digital logic
		:) as the others said digital logic is very neat, and almost contained study very easy to pick up without engineering background, even in computer science courses we assembled circuits.
		there are complete computer designs using just logic schema.
		so there are certainly differences in that a theoretical gate is instantaneous, also computer buses use tri state logic since either the CPU or memory can set the level depending on whether writing or reading, which apparently introduces some complexity having the lines at any voltage when not in use.
	www.usenet.com /newsgroups/sci.logic/msg03407.html (201 words)

	Virtual schema (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He points out that the schema in a directory datastore goes a long way towards setting the context in which you can view the data.
		Prompt's insight is that the schema of any datastore creates a context for viewing the information and, as he says, " content without context makes no sense.
		But to move beyond today's directory structures Prompt believes that a key requirement is to have a structure that combines the advantage of directories and databases through an ability not only to virtualize the database objects, but also to virtualize the relationships.
	www.nwfusion.com /newsletters/dir/2002/01418456.html (663 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The schema integration process is investigated in the context of a logic based modelling language.
		It is shown hos equivalent constructs of tual schemas can be represented by certain types of expressition assertions.
		Two basic forms of integration assertions are identified: object equality assertions and extension relationship assertions.matically integrating schemas, based on a set of integration assertions, is proposed.
	www.dsv.su.se /~pajo/abstracts/er91.html (59 words)

	Propositional Logic
		Although we have presented the logic axiomatically, our axiom system has the same power as the `natural deduction' systems of sentential logic that you find in any introductory text.
		However, since we are using the axiomatic method rather than a natural-deduction system, we first present the logic axiomatically and then prove that the introduction and elimination rules used in `natural deduction' systems are valid rules.
		It is a fact that by quantificational logic we can derive Clinton was European from the premise and claim (let Clinton was European be the designation of the Greek letter psi).
	mally.stanford.edu /tutorial/sentential.html (1059 words)

	XML Schema, Tree Logic and Sheaves Automata (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		XML documents, and other forms of semi-structured data, may be roughly described as edge labeled trees; it is therefore natural to use tree automata to reason on them.
		This idea has already been successfully applied in the context of Document Type Definition (DTD), the simplest standard for defining XML documents validity, but additional work is needed to take into account XML Schema, a more advanced standard, for which regular tree automata are not satisfactory.
		In this paper, we define a tree logic that directly embeds XML Schema as a plain subset as well as a new class of automata for unranked trees, used to decide this logic, which is well-suited to the processing of XML documents and schemas.
	www.cmi.univ-mrs.fr /~dalzilio/abstract-xmlsheaves.html (217 words)

	Towards a logical foundation for XML Schema
		In the period after the publication of [XML Schema] the W3C's XML Schema Working Group received frequent requests to tighten up the normative definitions of schema components, both in terms of the constraints on their well-formedness and their validation semantics.
		This paper is a preliminary sketch of what such a logic might look like, and how it might be used, intended to provide sufficient detail to assess the likely value of the idea, without being anywhere near complete.
		So the idea for XML Schema is to define a sentential form which can express all component constraints and validation rules, a model which formalises components and the PSVI, and an interpretation which maps WFF from the sentential form onto set-theoretic constraints on the model.
	idealliance.org /papers/dx_xmle04/papers/02-06-02/02-06-02.html (2273 words)

	Semantic Based Mapping of XML Schema to Relational Schema (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		DTDs and XML Schema are the two technologies proposed to describe the structure of XML data.
		We consider Description Logic, a formalism able to represent both XML Schema and relational schema and the semantic constraints expressible inthe two languages.
		First we propose a mapping from XML Schema to Description Logic, then we use Description Logic to analyse and revise the transformation according to the constraints in the original XML Schema.
	www.itee.uq.edu.au /~dke/Research/HProject2003_files/pr-gg-04.html (308 words)

	SQLWays 3.8 Facilitates Conversion of Server-Side Applications from Informix to All Major Databases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Conversion of business logic is the most complex part of database migration.
		Besides facilitating business logic conversion, SQLWays 3.8 easily migrates Informix data and schema including tables, views, indexes, keys, relationships, constraints, and various other table properties, provides advanced data type mapping and resolves identifier and reserved word conflicts.
		At the same time, unlike complicated solutions based on a combination of separate porting tools and requiring considerable manual effort for integration (data transfer/ETL, ER diagram for schema conversion etc.), SQLWays is used as an integrated solution that automatically solves all modifications between interdependent tables, views and procedures.
	www.prweb.com /releases/2005/1/prwebxml197268.php (745 words)

	Finite Schematizable Algebraic Logic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Herein, two finite schema axiomatizable classes of algebras are shown that contain as a reduct the class of representable quasi--polyadic algebras and the class of representable cylindric algebras, respectively.
		We present positive results in the direction of finitary algebraization of first order logic without equality as well as that with equality.
		Finally, we will indicate how these constructions can be applied to turn negative results (i), (ii) above to positive ones.
	www.renyi.hu /pub/algebraic-logic/fin-schema.html (85 words)

	Escapable Logic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The reason the schema is the big deal is that it does for economics what all the Internet's equipment does for electronic transmissions—enforce an agreement on how to play nice with each other.
		When people use the Xpertweb tools, they also use the schema's rules, which are based on the standard Xpertweb Mentor Agreement.
		And just as a packet isn't an IP packet unless it conforms to the agreement, neither is a transaction an Xpertweb transaction unless its records conform to the schema and are present on the sites of both the seller and the buyer.
	www.blaserco.com /blogs/2003/03/09.html (513 words)

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