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Topic: Schistosomiasis

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Schistosoma

Bilharzia

Katayama fever

Isosporiasis

Onchocerciasis

Chagas disease

Eichhornia

Tropical disease

Praziquantel

African trypanosomiasis

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	eMedicine - Schistosomiasis : Article by Palaniandy Kogulan, MD
		The pathophysiology of schistosomiasis is due to the immune response against the schistosome eggs.
		Schistosomiasis: It is due to immunological reactions to Schistosoma eggs trapped in tissues.
		Hepatic schistosomiasis: In the early stage, dyspepsia, flatulence, and pain are present in the left hypochondrium due to the enlargement of the spleen.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic2071.htm (3536 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Female genital schistosomiasis as an evidence of a neglected cause for reproductive ...
		In 172 cases (40.7%) schistosomiasis was diagnosed in bladder and/or urethra and/or urether specimens, in 15 cases (3.5%) in liver specimens, in 45 cases (10.6%) in intestine specimens (jejunum, colon, appendix, rectum) and in 8 cases (1.9%) in mesentery/omentum.
		Schistosomiasis of the external genital organs was only seen in girls and one young woman: vulva (1 case: 8 years old), perineum (2 cases: 5 and 6 years old) and labia (5 cases: 10, 11, 13, 13 and 18 years old).
		Genital schistosomiasis was diagnosed in 1.7, 1.9 and 3.0 percent of cases with cervical cancer in three studies from Malawi and Tanzania [11,13,14].
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2334/6/134 (4380 words)

	Schistosomiasis
		Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is a parasitic disease that leads to chronic ill health.
		In the case of intestinal schistosomiasis, the worms reside in the blood vessels lining the intestine.
		Schistosomiasis mainly affects adults workers in rural areas, employed either in agriculture or the freshwater fishing sector.
	www.tulane.edu /~dmsander/WWW/224/Schisto.html (1427 words)

	What is Schistosomiasis?
		Praziquantel is commonly used to treat schistosomiasis, and for travellers who have caught the disease whilst visiting an endemic region it represents a means of cure.
		However, this is not the case with schistosomiasis, as these worms are masters at evading their hosts immune system surviving, in some cases, for up to 40 years in the bloodstream.
		Whilst most people will become infected with schistosomiasis on contact with the infective stages of the parasite, this is not the case for everyone or, indeed, for other animal models of the diseases.
	www.york.ac.uk /res/schisto/background.htm (939 words)

	schistosomiasis
		Schistosomiasis or bilharzia is a disease produced by the larvae of a flatworm.
		Schistosomiasis infection is widespread in many countries of Sub-Saharan Africa, including Burundi, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zanzibar.
		Seek medical attention if you have been exposed to the disease and tell the doctor your suspicions, as schistosomiasis in the early stages can be confused with malaria or typhoid.
	www.thirdworldtraveler.com /Disease/schistosomiasis.html (492 words)

	Schistosomiasis (Bilharzia)
		Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia (bill-HAR-zi-a), is a disease caused by parasitic worms.
		Symptoms of schistosomiasis are caused by the body's reaction to the eggs produced by worms, not by the worms themselves.
		If you live in or travel to areas where schistosomiasis occurs and your skin comes in contact with fresh water from canals, rivers, streams, or lakes, you are at risk of getting schistosomiasis.
	healthlink.mcw.edu /article/935097450.html (717 words)

	SCI - What Is Schistosomiasis?
		Schistosomiasis (also known as Bilharzia) is the disease caused by a blood born fluke (trematode) of the genus Schistosoma.
		Schistosomiasis is the second most prevalent tropical disease in Africa after malaria and is of great public health and socio-economic importance in the developing world.
		There are five major species of schistosomiasis which infect man. One is found in Africa and in South America, two are confined to Africa, and the other two are found only in the Far East in China and the Philippines.
	www.schisto.org /Schistosomiasis (419 words)

	Schistosomiasis (Bilharzia) Control and Prevention: The Carter Center Schistosomiasis Control Program
		Although schistosomiasis is not eradicable, the disease can be prevented and transmission controlled with a single, annual dose of the drug praziquantel.
		The urinary form of schistosomiasis is associated with increased risks for bladder cancer in adults.
		Schistosomiasis can be controlled now by one of the great miracle medical discoveries of the 1980s: the oral medicine praziquantel.
	www.cartercenter.org /health/schistosomiasis/index.html (653 words)

	AllRefer Health - Schistosomiasis (Bilharzia, Blood Fluke, Katayama Fever, Swimmer's Itch)
		Schistosomiasis is an infection caused by one of the five species of the parasite, Schistosoma.
		Schistosomiasis is not usually found in the United States.
		However, it is prevalent in many tropical or subtropical areas, and it is a common illness thought to affect more than 200 million people.
	health.allrefer.com /health/schistosomiasis-info.html (479 words)

	Tropical Diseases—Schistosomiasis: Snail Fever
		Among human diseases caused by parasites, schistosomiasis ranks second behind malaria in terms of its social, economic, and public health impact in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
		Schistosomiasis is endemic in 76 tropical developing countries, and 600 million people are at risk for acquiring the disease.
		Schistosomiasis is endemic in the following areas: Southern Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, Lake Malawi, the Nile River Valley, Brazil, Suriname, Venezuela, Antigua, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, Saint Lucia, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Yemen, Southern China, Philippines, Laos, Cambodia, Japan, Central Indonesia, and the Mekong Delta.
	www.factmonster.com /cig/dangerous-diseases-epidemics/schistosomiasis-snail-fever.html (800 words)

	Publications - Infectious Factsheets - Schistosomiasis
		To prevent schistosomiasis, avoid swimming or wading in fresh water when visiting areas where the disease is known to occur.
		Schistosomiasis has been reported in U.S. river rafters in Africa, tourists who swam in contaminated waters, and Peace Corps volunteers and others who had contact with fresh water in areas where schistosomiasis occurs.
		Schistosomiasis is an increasing problem around the world as countries build and develop new agricultural and water resources and as more people are exposed to infection.
	www.astdhpphe.org /schisto.asp (927 words)

	CDC - Yellow Book: [4] Schistosomiasis - CDC Travelers' Health
		Schistosomiasis (also known as bilharzia) is a parasitic infection caused by Schistosoma flukes that have complex life cycles involving specific freshwater snail species as intermediate hosts.
		Exposure to schistosomiasis is a health hazard for persons who travel to endemic areas (see Map 4-10).
		On the other hand, the prevalence of schistosomiasis has increased in sub-Saharan Africa, and water resource development projects and population movements have led to introduction of schistosomiasis into regions and countries that were not endemic previously.
	www2.ncid.cdc.gov /travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=schisto.htm&cssNav=browseoyb (1023 words)

	Snail Fever (Schistosomiasis) - Health and Medical Information Produced by Doctors - MedicineNet.com
		BEIJING (September 10, 1998) -- According to the Chinese Red Cross, there are outbreaks of a number of diseases including snail fever in the vast flooded area along the Yangtze River.
		Snail fever, or schistosomiasis, is a parasitic disease of the liver, gastrointestinal tract and bladder.
		Schistosomiasis is also called "bilharzia" after the 19th-century German physician Theodor Bilharz (1825-1862).
	www.medicinenet.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6956 (411 words)

	Schistosomiasis (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia or snail fever, infects in excess of 200 million people and results in severe morbidity and mortality.
		Recently it has been found that certain populations, not previously exposed to schistosomiasis, respond poorly to the praziquantel treatment, their immune systems are not primed.
		The control of schistosomiasis other than with the use of drug therapy is difficult and as yet there is no effective vaccine.
	martin.parasitology.mcgill.ca /jimspage/biol/SCHISTO.HTM (3468 words)

	Schistosomiasis: Parasitic Infections: Merck Manual Home Edition
		Schistosomiasis (bilharziasis) is infection caused by blood flatworms (flukes) that often produces symptoms in the intestine, liver, or urinary tract.
		A doctor diagnoses schistosomiasis by examining samples of stool or urine for the presence of eggs.
		Prevention of schistosomiasis is best achieved by avoiding swimming, bathing, or wading in fresh water in areas known to contain schistosomes.
	www.merck.com /mmhe/sec17/ch196/ch196j.html (502 words)

	Schistosomiasis - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharziasis, is a slowly progressive disease caused by blood flukes of the class Trematoda.
		Schistosomiasis is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
		This means that Schistosomiasis, or a subtype of Schistosomiasis, affects less than 200,000 people in the US population.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /s/schistosomiasis/intro.htm (629 words)

	Division of Parasitic Diseases - Schistosomiasis Fact Sheet
		Schistosomiasis in Peace Corps volunteers - Malawi, MMWR 1993;42:565-70.
		The control of schistosomiasis: Second report of the WHO Expert Committee.
		This fact sheet is for information only and is not meant to be used for self-diagnosis or as a substitute for consultation with a health care provider.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/dpd/parasites/schistosomiasis/factsht_schistosomiasis.htm (749 words)

	WMF - Schistosomiasis (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Schistosomiasis is the disease caused by small worms called 'Schistosomes' which look like very short threads of cotton.
		Schistosomiasis is therefore common in children and adults living near to water sources such as lagoons, ponds and rivers, where there is a high population of infected snails (areas with large amounts of reeds).
		Schistosomiasis presents itself usually as blood in the urine - however, it can lead to other complications including bladder cancer.
	www.worldmedicalfund.org /ourwork/conditions/schistosomiasis.php (263 words)

	Schistosomiasis definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Schistosomiasis: Diseases of liver, gastrointestinal tract and bladder caused by schistosomes, trematode worms that parasitize people.
		Some schistosomes which cannot live within man nonetheless cause swimmer's itch.
		Schistosomiasis is also called bilharzia after the shortlived German physician Theodor Bilharz (1825-1862).
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5416 (224 words)

	HPA \| Schistosomiasis
		Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by blood flukes (trematodes) of the genus Schistosoma.
		It is also known as Bilharziasis in some endemic countries after Theodore Bilharz, who described the infection in 1851.
		The World Health Organization describes schistosomiasis as ‘the second most important (tropical disease) in terms of public health importance’ after malaria.
	www.hpa.org.uk /infections/topics_az/schistosomiasis/menu.htm (152 words)

	SCI - Schistosomiasis Control Initiative
		The programme estimates that it has cured over 20 million people of these diseases during this time, although regular annual treatments are necessary to keep them free of re-infections.
		The treatment campaign is targeting over 1,200,000 people in the districts of Tenkogodo, Bogandé, and Koupéla for schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminths, and trachoma.
		Three documentaries covering the impact of schistosomiasis and the work of the SCI have been made available via this web site.
	www.schisto.org (318 words)

	Travel Health -- Schistosomiasis
		Flukes, whose life cycle requires fresh water snails, cause Schistosomiasis.
		Schistosomiasis is contracted through the skin from fresh water contaminated with urine or faeces of an infected person.
		Any traveller to areas where Schistosomiasis is endemic (that is: the infection is present in low levels) is at risk.
	www.travelhealth.co.uk /diseases/schistosomiasis.htm (276 words)

	Schistosomiasis. The UNICEF-UNDP-World Bank-WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases
		Schistosomiasis is also known as bilharzia after Theodor Bilharz, who first identified the parasite in Egypt in 1851.
		Infection is widespread with a relatively low mortality rate, but a high morbidity rate, causing severe debilitating illness in millions of people.
		The disease is often associated with water resource development projects, such as dams and irrigation schemes, where the snail intermediate hosts of the parasite breed.
	www.who.int /tdr/diseases/schisto (152 words)

	schistosomiasis - OneLook Dictionary Search
		schistosomiasis : US Envirionmental Protection Agency Terminology Reference System [home, info]
		Phrases that include schistosomiasis: urinary schistosomiasis, cutaneous schistosomiasis japonica, manson's schistosomiasis, manson schistosomiasis, mansons schistosomiasis
		Words similar to schistosomiasis: bilharzia, bilharziasis, schistosomiases, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=schistosomiasis&ls=a (242 words)

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