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Topic: Schizencephaly

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Megalencephaly

Cephalic disorder

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	Schizencephaly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Schizencephaly is an extremely rare developmental disorder characterized by abnormal slits, or clefts, in the brain's cerebral hemispheres.
		Schizencephaly is a form of porencephaly in which there is a cyst or cavity in the cerebral hemispheres.
		Treatment for individuals with schizencephaly generally consists of physical therapy, treatment for seizures, and, in cases that are complicated by hydrocephalus, a shunt (a surgically implanted tube that diverts fluid from one pathway to another).
	www.clevelandclinic.org /health/health-info/docs/1300/1338.asp (310 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Schizencephaly is a rare congenital anomaly of the brain, characterized by formation of abnormal unilateral or bilateral clefts in the cerebral hemispheres.
		In this case, another patient with schizencephaly who had bipolar affective disorder (mania with psychotic symptoms) with mild mental retardation reported and it is compared with the two cases reported earlier.
		The possible association between the bipolar affective disorder and schizencephaly in the present patient indicate the role of neurodevelopmental abnormality in the manifestation of bipolar affective disorder of early onset.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?ni02053 (1741 words)

	TheFetus.net - Schizencephaly, type II -Vernon D. Byrd, MD*, Philippe Jeanty, MD, PhD
		Schizencephaly is a disorder characterized by congenital clefts in the cerebral mantle with communication between the subarachnoid space laterally and the ventricular system medially.
		Figure 5: One of the theories to explain the formation of schizencephaly, is an infarction of the middle cerebral artery territory (fl vessels) with preservation of the anterior cerebral territory, and basilar artery flow.
		Schizencephalies: a study of the congenital clefts in the cerebral mantle.
	www.thefetus.net /page.php?id=130 (1651 words)

	Indian Pediatrics - Editorial
		Schizencephaly is a disorder characterized by a cleft in cerebral mantle, which commu-nicates between the subarachnoid space laterally, and ventricular system medially.
		In a study of 20 MRI confirmed cases of Schizencephaly, 50% were of closed lip type (Type I) and the lesions were unilateral in 65% cases(5).
		Schizencephaly should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hemiplegia/paresis in childhood.
	www.indianpediatrics.net /sept2001/sept-1049-1052.htm (986 words)

	eMedicine - Schizencephaly : Article Excerpt by: Ken R Close, MD
		The leading theory indicates that schizencephaly results from an early, focal destruction of the germinal matrix and surrounding brain before the hemispheres are fully formed.
		Schizencephaly probably occurs as the end result of a variety of insults occurring at a critical time and in a critical location during brain development.
		Schizencephaly type II occurs more commonly than type I. The clefts in schizencephaly are lined either totally or in part by gray matter and extend from the pial surface to the ependyma of the lateral ventricle.
	www.emedicine.com /radio/byname/schizencephaly.htm (551 words)

	eMedicine - Schizencephaly : Article by Ken R Close, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		CT scans of closed-lip schizencephaly may show only a slight outpouching at the ependymal surface of the cleft, and a full-thickness cleft may be difficult to identify on CT scan.
		In schizencephaly type II, an anechoic band or cavity, representing the fluid-filled cleft, extends from the cortical surface to the lateral ventricle.
		Coronal sonograms with a corresponding coronal T1-weighted MRI of open-lip bilateral schizencephaly.
	www.emedicine.com /radio/topic622.htm (1883 words)

	Rare Pediatric Disease Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Schizencephaly (literally meaning “split brain”) is a rare neurologic birth defect characterized by abnormal slits (or clefts) in one or both of the halves of the child’s brain.
		Schizencephaly is believed to occur with comparable frequency in males and females and in all ethnic groups.
		Schizencephaly is diagnosed after a physician sees evidence of a cleft in the brain on an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) or CT (computed tomography) scan.
	www.madisonsfoundation.org /content/3/1/display.asp?did=612 (853 words)

	Christopher A. Walsh Laboratory
		Schizencephaly is a medical term that refers to a particular abnormality in the way that the brain developed during pregnancy.
		A cleft in schizencephaly extends from the surface of the brain all the way through to the ventricle, which is a normal fluid-filled space deep within the brain.
		If your child’s schizencephaly is bilateral or if there is some other reason to suspect that your child’s condition has a genetic cause, he or she may be appropriate for that part of our research.
	www.walshlab.org /pi_schiz.html (802 words)

	schizencephaly.html
		ABSTRACT: Schizencephaly is defined as a cerebral malformation of the CNS with various clefts of the cerebral cortex.
		ABSTRACT: The pathogenesis of cleft formation in schizencephaly was analyzed by examining the brain lesions produced by the infection of the Kilham strain of mumps virus during the period of neuronal migration in hamsters.
		A recently proposed theory for the formation of schizencephaly is that this condition is an extreme variant of cortical dysplasia, in which the infolding of cortex extends all the way into the lateral ventricle.
	www.indiana.edu /~pietsch/schizencephaly.html (9346 words)

	Schizencephaly
		Patients with schizencephaly may also have varying degrees of microcephaly, mental retardation, hemiparesis (weakness or paralysis affecting one side of the body), or quadriparesis (weakness or paralysis affecting all four extremities), and may have reduced muscle tone (hypotonia).
		In schizencephaly, the neurons border the edge of the cleft implying a very early disruption in development.
		Treatment for individuals with schizencephaly generally consists of physical therapy, treatment for seizures, and, in cases that are complicated by hydrocephalus, a shunt.
	thecpnetwork.netfirms.com /schizencephaly.html (241 words)

	Medcyclopaedia - Schizencephaly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Two types of schizencephaly are recognized: a "closed-lip" schizencephaly in which the cleft walls are contiguous and an"open-lip" schizencephaly in which the walls are separated by wide subarachnoid spaces.
		The clinical condition of patients relates to the amount and location of involved brain: patients with a narrow, unilateral cleft usually present with seizures and mild focal neurological deficits and they are otherwise developmentally normal; patients with bilateral clefts often have severe developmental delay with early intractable epilepsy and severe motor dysfunction.
		In patients with open-lip schizencephaly, CSF pulsations from the lateral ventricles may produce scalloping of the inner table of the skull.
	medcyclopaedia.com /library/topics/volume_vi_1/s/SCHIZENCEPHALY.aspx (404 words)

	uhrad.com - Neuroradiology Imaging Teaching Files (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Discussion: Schizencephaly, also known as agenetic porencephaly, refers to gray matter lined clefts that extend through the entire hemisphere from the ependymal lining of the lateral ventricles to the pial covering of the cortex.
		In open-lip schizencephaly, CSF fills the cleft from the lateral ventricles to the subarachnoid space that surrounds the hemispheres.
		The cavum septum pellucidum is absent in 80-90% of patients with schizencephaly.
	www.uhrad.com /mriarc/mri013.htm (320 words)

	WELCOME TO SCHIZ KIDZ BUDDIES!
		Schizencephaly is a rare developmental disorder characterized by abnormal clefts in the brain's cerebral hemispheres.
		Persons with Schizencephaly may present with varying degrees of developmental delays, seizures, delayed speech and language skill, vision and eating disorders.
		Schizencephaly occurs when there is a failure of the normal migration of neurons from the germinal matrix zone at 1-5 months of gestation.
	www.schizkidzbuddies.com (244 words)

	Radiology, University of Rochester Medical Center
		Schizencephaly is an uncommon congenital disorder of cerebral cortical development, defined as a gray matter-lined cleft extending from the pial surface to the ventricle.
		The spectrum of cleavage ranges from a thread of cerebrospinal fluid connecting the subarachnoid space to the ventricle, which is encircled by abnormal gray matter (closed-lip schizencephaly), to a wide communication between the subarachnoid space and the ventricle with edges of abnormal cortex (open-lip schizencephaly).
		The imaging differential diagnosis of schizencephaly is porencephalic cyst.
	www.urmc.rochester.edu /smd/Rad/neurocases/Neurocase58.htm (569 words)

	Article : HIV and the Changing Role of Radiologist ; Author : Dr. Shrinivas B. Desai ; Co-Author(s) : ; Vol / Issue :13 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Schizencephaly is one of the migrational disorders of brain, which include lissencephaly, pachygyria, heterotopia, and polymicrogyria.it is characterized by a gray matter lined cleft that extends from the ependymal surface of the brain through the white matter to the pia.[1]
		Two types are recognized: type I, or closed lip schizencephaly, in which the cleft walls are in apposition, and type II, or open lip schizencephaly, in which the walls are separated.
		Schizencephaly was earlier considered a rare anomaly but now with advent of axial imaging (CT and MRI) this condition is more frequently recognized.
	www.ijri.org /articles/ARCHIVES/2004-14-1/quiz95.htm (416 words)

	Schizencephaly - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Schizencephaly is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
		This means that Schizencephaly, or a subtype of Schizencephaly, affects less than 200,000 people in the US population.
		Note: Schizencephaly symptoms usually refers to various symptoms known to a patient, but the phrase Schizencephaly signs may refer to those signs only noticable by a doctor.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /s/schizencephaly/intro.htm (334 words)

	Schizencephaly Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		Schizencephaly is an extremely rare developmental birth defect characterized by abnormal slits, or clefts, in the cerebral hemispheres of the brain.
		Individuals with schizencephaly may also have an abnormally small head, mental retardation, partial or complete paralysis, or poor muscle tone.
		The prognosis for individuals with schizencephaly varies depending on the size of the clefts and the extent of neurological disabilities.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /disorders/schizencephaly/schizencephaly.htm (402 words)

	A Genetic Basis for Schizencephaly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Schizencephaly is characterized by a cleft stretching from the pial surface to the lateral ventricles.
		A total of seven schizencephaly patient DNA samples were obtained for sequence analysis, a sample size equivalent to similar studies such as those done on Emx2 (Brunelli et al.
		Of the nine schizencephaly patients examined thus far, three single base pair changes in single alleles were discovered whose functional significance is not yet certain.
	hcs.harvard.edu /~husn/BRAIN/vol8-spring2001/schiz.htm (13727 words)

	Introduction: Schizencephaly - CureResearch.com
		Schizencephaly: Schizencephaly is an extremely rare developmental disorder characterized by abnormal slits, or clefts, in the brain's cerebral hemispheres.
		Researching symptoms of Schizencephaly: Further information about the symptoms of Schizencephaly is available including a list of symptoms of Schizencephaly, or alternatively return to research other symptoms in the symptom center.
		Statistics and Schizencephaly: Various sources and calculations are available in statistics about Schizencephaly, prevalence and incidence statistics for Schizencephaly, and you can also research other medical statistics in our statistics center.
	www.cureresearch.com /s/schizencephaly/intro.htm (264 words)

	Dizygotic Twins with Schizencephaly and Focal Cortical Dysplasia -- Senol et al. 21 (8): 1520 -- American Journal of ...
		Dizygotic Twins with Schizencephaly and Focal Cortical Dysplasia
		Schizencephaly is a rare developmental disorder, defined as
		be present in the twins of the patients with schizencephaly.
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/full/21/8/1520 (1010 words)

	Find Schizencephaly at myEweb.com
		Schizencephaly - Schizencephaly is an uncommon disorder of neuronal migrational characterized by a cerebrospinal fluid-filled cleft, which...
		Clinical discussion of schizencephaly as seen and diagnosed from a radiological perspective.
		Dizygotic Twins with Schizencephaly and Focal Cortical Dysplasia --...
	myeweb.info /web/index.php?qry_str=Schizencephaly (164 words)

	Statistics about Schizencephaly - WrongDiagnosis.com
		The term 'prevalence' of Schizencephaly usually refers to the estimated population of people who are managing Schizencephaly at any given time.
		The term 'incidence' of Schizencephaly refers to the annual diagnosis rate, or the number of new cases of Schizencephaly diagnosed each year.
		Hence, these two statistics types can differ: a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence, but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /s/schizencephaly/stats.htm (191 words)

	Schizencephaly Treatment and Symptoms
		Cephalic is a term that means "head" or "head end of the body." Congenital means the disorder is present at, and usually before, birth.
		Schizencephaly is a form of porencephaly in which there...
		Your Integrative Health and Wellness Resource for Schizencephaly.
	goldbamboo.com /topic-t3464.html (221 words)

	Article: NINDS Schizencephaly Information Page: NINDS - CureResearch.com
		Article: NINDS Schizencephaly Information Page: NINDS - CureResearch.com
		Barkovich, A, and Kjos, B. Schizencephaly: Correlation of Clinical Findings with MR Characteristics.
		Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Neurobehavioral Correlates in Schizencephaly.
	cureresearch.com /artic/ninds_schizencephaly_information_page_ninds.htm (558 words)

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