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Topic: Schuman declaration

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	EUROPA - The symbols of the EU - Europe day, 9 May
		On the 9th of May 1950, Robert Schuman presented his proposal on the creation of an organised Europe, indispensable to the maintenance of peaceful relations.
		This proposal, known as the "Schuman declaration", is considered to be the beginning of the creation of what is now the European Union.
		Today, the 9th of May has become a European symbol (Europe Day) which, along with the flag, the anthem, the motto and the single currency (the euro), identifies the political entity of the European Union.
	europa.eu /abc/symbols/9-may/index_en.htm (148 words)

	Robert Schuman
		Robert Schuman was born in Luxembourg in 1886.
		In 1958 Schuman was elected president of the European Assembly in Strasbourg.
		Schuman explained that the pooling of coal and steel production would immediately provide for the first stage of a European federation, the immediate creation of a common basis for economic development, and for a comprehensive change in their development.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /2WWschuman.htm (747 words)

	Robert Schuman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Schuman's pursued his secondary education at the Athénée de Luxembourg secondary school in Luxembourg, a former Jesuit College, where the Luxembourg secondary school diploma was not valid in Germany and he had to sit for the Abitur in Metz.
		Celibate, modest and un-ostentatious, Schuman was an intensely religious man and was strongly influenced by the writings of Pius XII, St Thomas Aquinas and Jacques Maritain.
		The Schuman District of Brussels (including a metro station, square and railway station) is named in his honour.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Robert_Schuman (988 words)

	Schuman Declaration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Schuman Declaration is the name of the May 9, 1950 public appeal by Robert Schuman, French Foreign Minister, to place France's and West Germany's coal and steel industries under joint management.
		Inspired by Jean Monnet, the declaration's goal was for France, West Germany, and the Benelux countries to share strategic resources in order to build a lasting peace in Europe.
		The Schuman declaration is therefore considered by some as the beginning of Franco-German cooperation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Schuman_declaration (381 words)

	Module 2
		Although presented by Schuman, the unprecedented plan was the brainchild of his senior civil servant lieutenant Jean Monnet.
		Schuman's plan called for the pooling of authority in these two key industrial sectors, but the proposed means of collaboration was all but moderate.
		The Schuman Plan involved supranational collaboration in which countries would yield sovereignty to an independent "High Authority." With the creation of the ECSC in 1952, the European Union - the product of a truly neofunctionalist masterplan - was born.
	www.unc.edu /depts/tam/poli115/module2/mod2text1.htm (313 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Schuman Declaration is the name of the May 9, 1950 public appeal by Robert Schuman, French Foreign Minister, to place France's and West Germany's coal and steel industries under joint management.
		Inspired by Jean Monnet, the declaration's goal was for France, West Germany, and the Benelux countries to share strategic resources in order to build a lasting peace in Europe.
		The Schuman declaration is therefore considered by some as the beginning of Franco-German cooperation.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Schuman_declaration (414 words)

	Louis Wallis / International Politics: An Introduction to the Western State System, a Review
		Dr. Schuman is not only "Woodrow Wilson Professor"; but in his youth, he looked up to Wilson as a great political scientist, and studied Wilson's ample treatise.
		125, emphasis mine); and in his declaration that political democracy cannot evolve into social and economic democracy "while it is enfolded within the framework of capitalism" (p.
		Schuman's treatise, indeed, is to a large extent an application of Marxism to the international problems now confronting the world.
	www.cooperativeindividualism.org /wallis-louis_political-escape-from-economics.html (1663 words)

	Robert Schuman Summary
		The French statesman Robert Schuman (1886-1963) was the public author of the plan that pooled the French and German coal and steel industries into the European Coal and Steel Community.
		Robert Schuman (June 29 1886 – September 4 1963) was a noted Luxembourgian-born French politician, a Christian Democrat (M.R.P.) who is regarded as one of the founders of the European Union.
		Schuman's pursued his secondary education at the Athénée de Luxembourg secondary school in Luxembourg, a former Jesuit College, where the Luxembourg secondary school diploma was not valid in Germany and he had to sit for the Abitur in Metz.
	www.bookrags.com /Robert_Schuman (1401 words)

	Famous Genealogy - GeneaStar
		Robert Schuman, a Christian Democrat and one of the «founding fathers» of the European Union, was born in Clausen (Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg) on 29 June 1886 into a family which had its roots in Lorraine.
		Schuman Declaration: On 9 May 1950 Robert Schuman, Minister of Foreign Affairs in the French Government, proposed to Germany that it should join on an equal footing a new body responsible for the joint management of coal and steel.
		In 1958 Robert Schuman, MEP, member of the Christian Democrat Parliamentary Group, was unanimously elected the first President of the Joint Assembly (EEC, ECSC, Euratom), now the European Parliament.
	www.geneastar.org /en/bio.php3?choix=schuman (179 words)

	Luxembourg Stamps: 1975
		The Schuman Declaration of May 9, 1950 proposed the pooling of French and German coal and steel resources, but it was, in effect, a charter for European unification.
		Schuman's initiative resulted in the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community and ultimately, in 1957, to the creation of the European Economic Community and the European Atomic Energy Community.
		Schuman was born in Luxembourg in 1886 and he died in France in 1963.
	www.luxcentral.com /stamps/LuxStamps1975.html (322 words)

	[No title]
		The importance of this so called Schuman Declaration for the European integration declaration cannot be sufficiently emphasized.
		The Schuman Declaration may indeed be regarded as the Europan Union’s birth certificate.
		This Declaration, written by the prominent French bureaucrat Jean Monnet, was based on a simple idea: European co-operation on politically relevant, but mainly technical issues.
	www.agoravox.com /print_article.php3?id_article=4814 (737 words)

	EUROPA - The symbols of the EU - Europe day, 9 May - Declaration of 9 May 1950
		This is the full text of the proposal, which was presented by the French foreign minister Robert Schuman and which led to the creation of what is now the European Union.
		World peace cannot be safeguarded without the making of creative efforts proportionate to the dangers which threaten it.
		In the exercise of its functions, the common High Authority will take into account the powers conferred upon the International Ruhr Authority and the obligations of all kinds imposed upon Germany, so long as these remain in force.
	europa.eu /abc/symbols/9-may/decl_en.htm (814 words)

	What is the Schuman Declaration?
		The Schuman Declaration is a declaration made by the then French Foreign Minister, Robert Schuman, on 9 May 1950.
		The Declaration is viewed as the first official step in the foundation of the present EU, since it led to the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community.
		Through the Schuman Declaration, the French Government proposed that Franco-German coal and steel production be placed under the jurisdiction of a common body known as the ‘High Authority’ (the precursor of the Commission) in an organisation which would also be open to other European countries to join.
	www.eu-oplysningen.dk /euo_en/spsv/all/4 (986 words)

	Paris - Preparation
		The "Schuman Plan" was the basis for the subsequent 1950-51 IGC and the first step towards European integration.
		The Schuman Plan was approved by the French Government late in the morning of 9 May 1950.
		The Schuman Plan - 9/5/1950 English translation of the text of Schuman's radio announcement of the French -German pool for coal and steel.
	www.unizar.es /euroconstitucion/Treaties/Treaty_Paris_Prep.htm (243 words)

	Policy.hu Web Forum: UNYP - European Integration (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Schuman in his plan, which he made known in 1950 and which became known as the Schuman Declaration, took a long sighted view of the future of Europe.
		Schuman was an ambitious and he was also looking deeply and in the long run perspectives of the EU.His plan was demonstrated as the Schuman Declaration and looked deeply into the future of Europe.
		Schuman and Monnet worked together on their vision, they were in the position to build up a cooperation with another 6 countries which was called the Treaty of Paris/Rom.
	www.policy.hu /cgi-bin/discus/board-auth.cgi?file=/87/200.html (9925 words)

	May 9
		This proposal, known as the "Schuman declaration[?]", is considered to be the beginning of the creation of what is now the European Union.
		A certain controversy surrounds this holiday: in some other countries (for instance, France and Germany) the 8th of May is considered to be the day of capitulation.
		This is documented by historic radio announcements of Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin: both said that the capitulation was declared on May 7th and signed on May 8th, in the presence of the highest military officials of the Allied forces, including the Soviet Union.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ma/May_9.html (801 words)

	WINDOWS\DESKTOP\Schumanweb\project
		The aims of the Schuman Project are to conduct in-depth research for a biography of Schuman and to investigate his political philosophy, the theory and political practice behind the beginnings of our Europe and the predictions he made about its future.
		Robert Schuman was one of the first European politicians to warn of the systematic destruction of the Jews by the Nazis as German government policy.
		Schuman had been the first French Deputy to be arrested by the Nazis for his resistance to oppression in his native Lorraine.
	users.belgacombusiness.net /schuman/project.htm (2387 words)

	Fondation Robert Schuman
		The Robert Schuman Foundation that was founded in 1991 after the fall of the Berlin Wall was approved by the State for its services to the public in 1992; it works to promote the construction of Europe both with regard to its ideas and in the field alongside the citizens themselves.
		The "Schuman Report on the State of the Union" and "European Opinion" are published annually.
		In the wake of the crisis caused by the presidential election in Turkey and the declarations made by Nicolas Sarkozy with regard to his refusal to...
	www.schuman.fr /en_frs_fondation_robert_schuman.php (1719 words)

	Robert Schuman: biography and encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The french republic or france (: république française or france) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western europe, and...
		Schuman was born in Luxembourg[For more facts and a topic of this subject, click this link] to parents from Lorraine Lorraine quick summary:
		André marie (1897-1974) was a french radical politician who served as prime minister during the fourth republic in 1948....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/ro/robert_schuman.htm (2220 words)

	Schuman Plan
		He began working on a scheme that he eventually proposed to Robert Schuman, the French Foreign Minister, in 1949.
		It was said long ago in the House that magnanimity in politics is not seldom the truest wisdom.
		I appeal tonight to the government to follow that dictum, and to go into the Schuman Plan to develop Europe and to coordinate it in the way suggested.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /2WWschumanP.htm (919 words)

	Press Release
		The declaration led to the signing of the Treaty of Paris by which the European Coal and Steel Community was set up a year later.
		The Schuman Declaration looked forward to the future with optimism, bravely proposing new principles for the re-organisation of international relations in Europe along novel lines.
		The Schuman plan was visionary because it proposed a course of action, the creation of an international coal and steel organisation under a supranational High Authority, for which no exact historic precedent existed.
	www.euro-movement.org.mt /pr5.htm (1006 words)

	The Schuman declaration (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Many were tempted to build unity on atlantic foundations, but men such as Jean Monnet and Robert Schuman considered that the dynamic for creation should be the sole responsibility of Europeans and should allow Franco-German reconciliation that would be based on solidarity.
		The birth of the European Coal and Steel Community aroused the public's enthusiasm and received the approval of the governments of Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.
		For the first time in their histories, it was proposed that these governments should delegate part of their sovereignty to a higher, supranational and independent authority.
	www.diplomatie.gouv.fr /archives.gb/dossiers/schuman/module03.html (265 words)

	Lectures - Peace and Democracy in Europe: The Role of the European Community
		Democracy is not explicitly mentioned in the declaration of 9th May 1950, but it is in the background, present for all those involved at the time.
		Monnet and Schuman did not hesitate: their offer, explicitly addressed to Germany, was a fundamental act of confidence in the new Germany, through this appeal for the establishment of organic relations so different from all the usual schemes.
		However this hypothesis of an European Declaration of Human Rights is still fairly controversial as the present discussions of the Institutional Committee of the European Parliament demonstrate.
	www.wpct.co.uk /lectures/1988.htm (2984 words)

	EU-History Schuman Plan Collection Main Page
		Instructions for the Dutch delegation to the first talks on the Schuman Plan amking clear that participation was conditional on placing the ECSC under some form of parliamentary of national control.
		Note sur le Plan Schuman et ses repercussions possibles sur la siderurgie Belge (17.6.1950) Note prepared by the Belgian Ministry of Economic Affairs on the repercussions of the Scuman Plan on Belgian steel industry.
		Propositions relatives à la mise en oevre du plan Schuman en ce qui concerne les accords et pratiques restrictives ou tendant à la constitution de monopoles (27.10.1950) The reaction of the Belgian government to Monnet's proposals for anti-cartel and monopoly clauses in the ECSC treaty.
	www.eu-history.leidenuniv.nl /index.php3?c=22 (970 words)

	The Origins 1945-1957 - The history of the European Union and European Citizenship (Site not responding. Last check: )
		From Schuman Declaration to the Treaty of Rome (1950-1957)
		The first step in the process of foundation of the European Community was given by the French Foreign Minister, Robert Schuman.
		In a speech inspired by Jean Monnet, Schuman proposed that France and Germany and any other European country wishing to join them pool their coal and steel resources.
	www.historiasiglo20.org /europe/anteceden2.htm (1183 words)

	Europe - Fondation Robert Schuman
		This article, which explains the main issues of the European Summit in Lisbon and of the Reform Treaty can be found on the personal site of the Chairman of the Foundation, Jean-Dominique Giuliani.
		The Strategic Analysis Centre together with the Robert Schuman Foundation published a special article dedicated to "Finding information about Europe in France" in the Strategic Horizons review of October.
		This subject is extremely topical since the new treaty is to be signed on 13th December and France will be ensuring the presidency of the European Union in the second semester of 2008.
	www.robert-schuman.org (1599 words)

	The Robert Schuman Foundation Letter (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Indeed it was on 9th May 1950 that Robert Schuman, French Foreign Minister made a declaration in the Salon de l'Horloge at the Quai d'Orsay that heralded the beginning of the construction of Europe.
		Robert Schuman's declaration in the twenty official languages of the European Union.
		The Culture Committee has welcomed the European Commission's proposals to declare 2008 "European Year of Intercultural Dialogue." MEP's want action to contribute in integrating intercultural dialogue as a leitmotif of community policy and as proposed by the Commission to increase the visibility and cohernece of all community action and programmes which contribute to this dialogue.
	www.robert-schuman.org /lettre/lettrean256.htm (4101 words)

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