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	Scientific literature - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Scientific literature is the totality of publications that report original empirical and theoretical work in the sciences and social sciences.
		The content should be located in the context of previous scientific investigations, by citation of relevant documents in the existing literature.
		Empirical techniques, and the results of the investigation, should be described in such a way that a subsequent scientist, with appropriate knowledge of and experience in the relevant field, should be able to repeat the observations and know whether he or she has obtained the same result.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scientific_literature (517 words)

	Flinders University - Student Learning Centre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The essence of all scientific endeavour is to discover more about ourselves and world and universe in which we live.
		With this in mind, most scientific endeavours are reported in one form or another in the "scientific literature", in most cases initially in the form of a journal article.
		The scientific literature consists of many different components often divided according to the age of the information presented.
	www.flinders.edu.au /SLC/readscience.html (1181 words)

	[No title]
		Grey Literature refers to publications issued by government, academia, business, and industry, in both print and electronic formats, but not controlled by commercial publishing interests, and where publishing is not the primary business activity of the organization.
		Grey literature is produced by government agencies, professional organizations, research centers, universities, public institutions, special interest groups, and associations and societies whose goal is to disseminate current information to a wide audience.
		The pervasiveness of grey literature plays a major role in informing the public and providing the facts that citizens need in order to participate in government and institutions that are a part of their daily lives.
	library.brooklyn.cuny.edu /access/greyliter.htm (1346 words)

	UNESCO - World Conference on Science - Science Agenda /Framework for Action
		Modern scientific knowledge and traditional knowledge should be brought closer together in interdisciplinary projects dealing with the links between culture, environment and development in such areas as the conservation of biological diversity, management of natural resources, understanding of natural hazards and mitigation of their impact.
		The practice of scientific research and the use of scientific knowledge should always aim at the welfare of humankind, be respectful of the dignity of human beings and of their fundamental rights, and take fully into account our shared responsibility towards future generations.
		Scientific institutions are urged to comply with ethical norms, and to respect the freedom of scientists to express themselves on ethical issues and to denounce misuse or abuse of scientific or technological advances.
	www.unesco.org /science/wcs/eng/framework.htm (5190 words)

	Emerging Visions for Access in the Twenty-first Century Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Scientific literature, the published record of the history of sciences, is one of humanity's greatest creations.
		Six or seven years ago, large chunks of the scientific literature first started to become available in electronic form, and some of the most prominent journals started to be published electronically.
		The scientific community does not just use these journals as filters to the literature, they are not only venues in which I know to look for the most interesting and best science.
	www.clir.org /pubs/reports/pub119/eisen.html (4454 words)

	Nature web focus: Access to the literature: the debate continues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The free versus fee debate over access to the scientific literature is a lively one, but it is also important to keep in mind the bigger picture, that the Internet is bringing about a much broader evolution in the way scientists work and communicate.
		As the scientific literature moves increasingly into online and Web-accessible forms, we have the opportunity to carry out this kind of analysis at a much broader scope, addressing the ways in which scientific research advances and the broader consequences of this research.
		Traditional studies of scientific publications and their impact have necessarily treated the actual readers of papers as essentially invisible, because readers who do not go on to generate papers, patents or other tangible products mostly leave no traces that can be usefully incorporated into the analysis.
	www.nature.com /nature/focus/accessdebate/18.html (1754 words)

	Journal of Biology \| Full text \| Open access to the scientific journal literature
		Objections that open access to scientific journal literature requires the sacrifice of peer-review, revenue, copyright protection, or other strengths of traditional journals, are based on misunderstandings.
		Open access to the scientific journal literature would be hard to defend if its obvious advantages required sacrificing any of the obvious advantages of traditional journals.
		Open access to scientific journal literature is compatible with all of the major advantages of traditional journals; here, I identify eight.
	jbiol.com /content/1/1/3 (1363 words)

	Wildlife Literature Searching (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		To conduct an effective scientific literature search one should first have a basic understanding of the various formats in which the results of wildlife research, and scientific research in general, are published.
		Literature of Wildlife discusses the major types of literature represented in the discipline, literature available in the HSU Library, and techniques for find each type in the HSU Library.
		As the initial step in a scientific literature search, a "search strategy" should be developed which clarifies the information desired and logically organizes the search.
	library.humboldt.edu /~rls/wildlifelit.htm (252 words)

	MDMA Literature Updates
		MDMA Literature Review Update #1: 1/20/03, which was submitted to the IRB reviewing the MDMA/PTSD protocol.
		There is now a third update of the literature from March, 2004 to January 2004, available in PDF and HTML format.
		These updates of publications appearing after the comprehensive review was completed are intended to keep the literature review current by providing summaries of all papers that discuss MDMA or ecstasy, with a focus on human clinical trials and studies in ecstasy users.
	www.maps.org /research/mdma/litupdates (355 words)

	1785 In Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		He printed a paper in 1785 on his findings called "An Account of the Foxglove" for other physicians and it is still considered a classic of medical literature.
		McMahon, who teaches world literature, says a better grading system would be descriptive...
		See also: 1784 in literature, other events of 1785, 1786 in literature, list of years in literature.
	www.wikiverse.org /1785-in-literature (197 words)

	resolution.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Once a critical mass of researchers has self-archived, the refereed research literature is at last free of all access- and impact-barriers, as it was always destined to be.
		First, a large proportion of the scientific and scholarly use of the refereed research literature consists of browsing and searching, not linear reading, and for this, on-line navigation is already incomparably superior.
		The benefits of freeing the refereed literature now are a sure thing; the benefits (if any) from future alternatives to peer review (if any) are purely hypothetical, and certainly nothing to hold as back from self-archiving to wait for.
	www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk /~harnad/Tp/resolution.htm (10889 words)

	Alternatives to evolution - are they scientific?
		If alternatives to evolution are legitimate scientific concepts, one should find many scientific articles that use terms specific to the "alternatives." Furthermore if these concepts are important enough to include in textbooks, one should find networks of citations, i.e.
		In the scientific literature, alternatives to evolution rank in importance with "flat earth" which hits 54 items in the SCI database.
		If a science curriculum discusses concepts in proportion to their importance in scientific literature, alternatives to evolution should not be mentioned.
	www.geocities.com /lclane2/references.html (873 words)

	Literature
		The scientific literature recast in an accessible language.
		AASU Department of Languages, Literature, and Philosophy - The Department of Languages, Literature, and Philosophy at Armstrong Atlantic State University is committed to teaching and actively engaged in research, scholarly activity, and service to our students, department, university, and community.
		Association for the Study of Literature Environment - The Association for the Study of Literature and Environment promotes the exchange of ideas and information about literature and other cultural representations that consider human relationships with the natural world.
	www.meta.ws /Literature+140.htm (330 words)

	Recent Ornithological Literature Online
		Recent Ornithological Literature (ROL) is a serial compilation of citations and abstracts from the worldwide scientific literature that pertain to birds and the science of ornithology.
		The Recent Ornithological Literature (ROL) was published for many years as a printed supplement to The Auk, The Emu, or The Ibis.
		Recent Ornithological Literature (ROL) is a compilation of abstracts that pertain to ornithology and come from the periodic, worldwide scientific literature.
	www.nmnh.si.edu /BIRDNET/ROL (2050 words)

	INFORMATION ACCESS: Building A "GenBank" of the Published Literature -- Roberts et al. 291 (5512): 2318 -- Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Bringing all of the scientific literature together in a common format will encourage the development of new, more sophisticated, and valuable ways of using this information, much as GenBank has done for DNA sequences.
		Publishers now have a wonderful opportunity to reinforce their partnership with the scientific community by supporting extant archives like PMC and by allowing archival material to be freely used and distributed, and we strongly urge them to do so.
		The strength of this support is demonstrated by the growing list of scientists who have signed an open letter (3) advocating free and unrestricted distribution of scientific literature 6 months after publication.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/full/291/5512/2318a (1162 words)

	Ornithological Worldwide Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		OWL is a compilation of citations and abstracts from the worldwide scientific literature that pertain to the science of ornithology.
		A major attraction is its coverage of the 'grey' literature, which are not abstracted by commercial databases such as Zoological Record or the Science Citation Index.
		OWL will proceed well into this century with a database of the current worldwide literature that would be of interest to ornithologists.
	egizoosrv.zoo.ox.ac.uk /OWL (198 words)

	Honore de Balzac. The Collection of Antiquities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		It is a characteristic fact in Roman literature,...
		It was chiefly in Spanish literature at this...
		Poetic and scientific intuition were simultaneous with him,...
	osaka.speccy-history.com (6008 words)

	Scientific Literature Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Looking For scientific literature - Find scientific literature and more at Lycos Search.
		Find scientific literature - Your relevant result is a click away!
		Look for scientific literature - Find scientific literature at one of the best sites the Internet has to offer!
	encyclopedia.localcolorart.com /encyclopedia/Scientific_literature (662 words)

	A Bibliography of Scientific Literature on Fluoride
		Ossification of the transverse atlantal ligament associated with fluorosis: a report of two cases and review of the literature.
		Roholm K. Fluoride intoxication: a clinical-hygienic study with a review of the literature and some experimental investigations.
		A critical study of the literature on fluoride toxicology with respect to cattle damage.
	www.slweb.org /bibliography.html (5273 words)

	RAND: A Review of the Scientific Literature as it Pertains to Gulf War Illnesses
		The scientific literature on the effects of exposure to such agents suggests the following: Militarily effective doses of any of the agents reviewed would have produced severe health effectsthat would have required clinical treatment or resulted in death.
		However, since low-level exposures could have produced mild clinical signs that could have been overlooked or misinterpreted, it is not possible to rule out low-dose exposures to one or several classes of agents or the possibility of some resultant contribution to some of the symptoms Gulf War veterans have experienced.
		Further, no references in the literature report clinical symptoms developing years after exposure, as was the case in about 50 percent of the health problems Gulf War veterans have reported.
	www.rand.org /publications/MR/MR1018.5 (360 words)

	Implementing Peer Review on the Net: Scientific Quality Control in Scholarly Electronic Journals.
		Most of this "scholarly skywriting" likewise needs to be constrained by peer review, but there is room on the Net for unrefereed discussion too, both in high-level peer discussion forums to which only qualified specialists in a given field have read/write access, and in the general electronic vanity press.
		The reader-scholar's needs and hopes are well served: free access to the world scholarly literature (or as free as a login on the Internet is to an institutionally affiliated academic or researcher).
		For, unlike the xerox contraband economy, which has not had its predicted disastrous effects on scholarly publication (apart from whatever role it might have played in raising the prices of scholarly journals), the ftp-contraband economy is a tail that can quickly outgrow the dog by orders of magnitude.
	cogsci.soton.ac.uk /~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad96.peer.review.html (4581 words)

	The SciELO Brazilian Scientific Journal Gateway and Open Archives: A Report on the Development of the SciELO-Open ...
		This scenario and the accompanying barriers faced by developing countries to publishing in international scientific journals mean that the results of their STM research is visible only to a few [Sayão, 1996].
		The scientific community considers access to electronic academic publications as the means to increase the visibility of its research and to accelerate the pace of scientific development as well as to disseminate more widely the results of research, which is considered by many as the heritage of all humanity [Harnad].
		The recent increase of freely available STM literature and the existence of a simple but powerful technological framework for access and interoperability like the Open Archives Initiative is of great significance to developing countries [Chan, 2002]: it provides the promise of a more equitable distribution of global knowledge.
	www.dlib.org /dlib/march03/marcondes/03marcondes.html (3962 words)

	HSU Library - Searching the Scientific Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Indexes and catalogs are typically used to identify scientific literature on a specific topic.
		This is possible because, in advancing scientific knowledge, researchers build upon existing knowledge as represented in the scientific literature.
		As part of the scientific process reference is made within current publications to previous related research or to techniques which have been utilized in the current research.
	library.humboldt.edu /infoservices/sslitwrksht.htm (1644 words)

	Rangeland Resource Science Literature Searching (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		In their research and managerial work rangeland scientists and managers need to consult scientific literature on an ongoing basis.
		To conduct an effective scientific literature search one should first have a basic understanding of the various formats in which the results of rangeland research, and scientific research in general, are published.
		Literature of Rangeland Resource Science discusses the major types of literature represented in the discipline, literature available in the HSU Library, and techniques for finding each type in the HSU Library.
	library.humboldt.edu /~rls/rangelit.htm (268 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		White says that scientific publishing is a "delicate linear chain" from author to publisher to library to reader—but a growing number of radicals question the need for that second party, at least in publishers' present form.
		Once access is primarily in electronic form, readers of the scientific literature not only don't care about the publisher (as White rightly says)—they may not care much about the journal either.
		Tens of thousands of scientific scholars recently signed a manifesto asserting that they will no longer contribute papers to any journal that does not allow free (no-cost) posting of published papers six months after publication.
	www.econtentmag.com /Magazine/Columns/02/discontent5_02.html (1128 words)

	Freeing the scientific literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Scientific journals are getting more and more expensive, to the point that libraries have to dramatically restrict the range of journals to which they subscribe.
		But all scientists know that the people who actually make a scientific journal, that is, the authors, the editor and the reviewers, usually don't get a cent from publishers in return for their excellent work.
		In the case of Cognition, for instance, the contribution of the publisher to the editorial process is limited to reimbursing a fraction of the costs incurred by the editorial office, and offering a free subscription to members of the editorial board.
	www.ehess.fr /centres/lscp/persons/ramus/FREE.html (1690 words)

	INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY:Who Should Own Scientific Papers? -- Bachrach et al. 281 (5382): 1459 -- Science
		Publishing the results of scientific research was, for many years, a symbiotic interaction between researchers and publishers, because the most effective way scientists could disseminate their results was through journals, produced by professional societies and independent publishers.
		Although scientific journals have been important in all fields of science for many years, we should not assume their continued unchanged existence.
		Radical changes in the publication of scientific research are already taking place and more are inevitable (3).
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/full/281/5382/1459 (1977 words)

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