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	Scipio Africanus -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Scipio was intent on this, and his great name drew to him a number of volunteers from all parts of Italy.
		Scipio was welcomed back to Rome with the (The name used to identify the members of a family (as distinguished from each member's given name)) cognomen of Africanus.
		Africanus himself was subsequently ((Click link for more info and facts about 185) 185) accused of having been bribed by Antiochus, but by reminding the people that it was the anniversary of his victory at Zama he caused an outburst of enthusiasm in his favor.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/sc/scipio_africanus.htm (1306 words)

	AllRefer.com - Scipio (Ancient History, Rome, Biography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Publius was the father of the conqueror of Hannibal, Scipio Africanus Major.
		Africanus Major's wife was the sister of Aemilius Paullus, his daughter Cornelia was the mother of the Gracchi, and his eldest son was the adoptive father of Scipio Africanus Minor.
		Africanus Minor was the son of Aemilius Paullus.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Scipio.html (454 words)

	Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Minor Biography / Biography of Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Minor Biography ...
		The second son of Lucius Aemilius Paullus, Scipio was adopted by Publius Cornelius Scipio, son of Scipio Africanus Major, and married Sempronia, sister of the Gracchus brothers.
		Scipio distinguished himself in single combat with a Spanish horseman, won the mural crown, and negotiated the surrender of the city of Intercatia.
		Scipio, though liberal in culture and a great admirer of Greek literature and learning, was basically a political conservative who vigorously supported senatorial control of the constitution and Roman dominion in the provinces.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-scipio-africanus-minor/index.html (797 words)

	Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Major Biography / Biography of Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Major Biography ...
		Scipio was married to Aemilia, sister of Lucius Aemilius Paullus (victor of Pydna in 168 B.C.), and became the father of Cornelia, mother of the Gracchus brothers.
		As a youth of about 18, Scipio was credited with having saved his father's life at the Battle of the Ticinus (Ticino) in 218, and as military tribune in 216, he rallied the survivors after the disastrous defeat of Cannae.
		In 190 Scipio was instrumental in obtaining for his brother Lucius, consul of the year, the command against Antiochus by offering to accompany him as legate on his campaign.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-scipio-africanus-major (794 words)

	Scipio Africanus the Younger (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Scipio's upbringing is described in a passage of Plutarch's biography of his father, Aemilius Paullus, who brought up his sons in accordance with the traditional native type of education, as he himself had been brought up, but also, and more keenly, on the Greek pattern.
		Scipio Aemilianus was married at an early age to his cousin, Sempronia, the only surviving daughter of Scipio Africanus' youngest daughter, and sister of the Gracchi brothers, who bitterly despised him.
		Scipio took with him to Spain a number of volunteers and a corps of 500 friends and dependents as a kind of bodyguard (an embryonic praetorian cohort): these were perhaps all the more necessary because his first task was to rediscipline the Roman troops in Spain, who were in a shocking state.
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /scipio-africanus-younger.htm (2382 words)

	Scipio Africanus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Publius Cornelius Scipio 'Africanus', The Elder (236 - 184 BC)
		First Early campaigns Accompanies Publius Cornelius Scipio the elder (his father) and Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio (uncle) on the first campaigns of the 2nd Punic War in Spain.
		Scipio lands in Africa Landing near Utica prompts Hannibal's recall from Italy.
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /scipio-africanus.htm (391 words)

	Scipio Africanus Minor. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		He was adopted by the eldest son of Scipio Africanus Major (see under Scipio, family).
		This culminated in a measure introduced by Scipio to deprive the Gracchan land commission of its powers and thus vitiate the agrarian law.
		Cicero praises Scipio in the Dream of Scipio, a splendid passage in his De republica.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sc/ScipAfMnr.html (291 words)

	AFFRICAN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Publius Cornelius Scipio, Africanus Major (236-184/183 B.C.), invaded Africa in 206 B.C., while he was consul, and decisively defeated Hasdrubal and Hannibal in 203.
		Cicero's Somnium Scipionis (The Dream of Scipio) is told by Africanus Minor to a group of friends who have been discussing the nature of dreams and the belief in the afterlife.
		Scipio the Younger tells how he had visited the Numidian king, Masinissa, with whom he had discussed the elder Scipio, and how he had dreamed of his ancestor that night.
	www.columbia.edu /dlc/garland/deweever/A/affrican.htm (222 words)

	Search Results for "Scipio" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Scipio Africanus Minor, (Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus Africanus Numantinus), c.185-129 B.C., Roman general, destroyer of Carthage.
		Scipio Africanus Major, (Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus) (sip´eo afrika´ns) (KEY), 236-183 B.C., Roman general, the conqueror of Hannibal in the Punic Wars....
		Scipio, Cayuga co., N.Y.; pupil of John Trumbull and John Quidor.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=col65&query=Scipio (266 words)

	Amazon.com: Scipio Africanus: Greater Than Napoleon: Books: Michael Grant,B. H. Liddell Hart (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Scipio's trumphs in New Carthage (Spain) and later his annihilation of Hannibal's army at Zama and later exploits in Asia are proof of this ability.
		Scipio Africanus is not the general one usually associates with Rome, but after reading Hart's biography of him, I am convinced that he was Rome's greatest captain.
		Publius Cornelius Scipio was born in Rome in 235 B.C.; his first recorded taste of warfare was at the battle of the Ticinus, where Hannibal first clashed with the Romans after his famous passage through the Alps with his elephants, and in which Scipio's father was the commander.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0306813637?v=glance (1936 words)

	Sempronia, Daughter of Cornelia ::: GENS SEMPRONIA
		Daughter of Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus and sister of the famed brothers Gracchi, Sempronia married her cousin Scipio Africanus Minor around age 17.
		When Scipio Africanus Minor discovered that his cousin and step-brother, Tiberius Gracchus, then Tribune of the Plebs, was undermining the established order, he encouraged Gracchus' enemies, especially their mutual cousin, Scipio Nasica.
		Scipio Africanus publicly condoned the murder, and even though he had not yet returned from Spain, he was often credited with the deed.
	www.villaivlilla.com /GensSempronia/sempronia-gracchi.htm (191 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Scipio ScipiosĬp´ēō, ancient Roman family of the Cornelian gens.
		Scipio Africanus Minor Scipio Africanus Minor (Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus Africanus Numantinus), c.185-129 BC, Roman general, destroyer of Carthage.
		Scipio Africanus Major Scipio Africanus Major (Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus)sĬp´ēō ăfrĬkā´nes, 236-183 BC, Roman general, the conqueror of Hannibal in the Punic Wars.
	www.encyclopedia.com /search.asp?target=@DOCTITLE+Scipio (166 words)

	Scipio Africanus Major (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		He was the son of Publius Cornelius Scipio, and from a very early age he considered himself to have divine inspiration.
		The young Scipio was elected (c.211) to the proconsulship in Spain.
		As consul in 205, Scipio wanted to invade Africa, but his jealous enemies in the senate granted him permission to go only as far as Sicily and gave him no army.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0844075.html (269 words)

	Rome: Total War @ The Wargamer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus is recognised as one of the greatest Roman military leaders of the Roman Republic.
		Scipio Africanus fell ill during the invasion of Asia Minor and actual command of the army at Magnesia (189BCE), the final battle of the war with Antiochus, fell to Gnaeus Domitius.
		The son of Lucius Aemilius Paulus was adopted by the eldest son of Scipio Africanus and took the name Publius Cornelius Scipio.
	totalwar.wargamer.com /factions_page4.html (1476 words)

	Cicero: summary of dr republica and translation of somnium Scipionis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Although Scipio maintains that monarchy is the best of the pure forms of government, he believes the ideal form is none of the pure forms but a mixed constitution which combines the virtues of each of the pure forms, the authority of monarchy, the wisdom of aristocracy, the freedom of democracy.
		Scipio summarises his account of the and of the origin of tyranny and begins an account of the ideal single ruler but the major part of this has not survived in the ms.
		Scipio takes over the discussion and demonstrates that the debased forms of the three pure types of states—tyranny/monarchy, oligarchy/aristocracy, anarchy/democracy—destroy the state itself because of the absence of justice.
	duke.usask.ca /~niallm/233/Cicero.htm (6359 words)

	Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Minor Biography / Biography of Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Minor Biography ...
		In 151, although assigned to the province of Macedonia, Scipio volunteered to serve as military tribune with Lucullus in Spain.
		Sent by Lucullus to Africa to procure elephants for the Celtiberian War, Scipio mediated peace between the Carthaginians and the Numidian king, Masinissa.
		Carbo, Gaius Gracchus, Scipio's wife Sempronia, and his mother-in-law Cornelia were all suspected of responsibility for his death.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-scipio-africanus-minor (797 words)

	Cicero, On Old Age (De Senectute) ToC: The Online Library of Liberty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus Africanus Minor was a son of Lucius Aemilius Paullus, and was adopted by his cousin, Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, the son of the elder Africanus.
		Scipio laid siege to Numantia, and, after the most obstinate resistance on the part of the Spaniards, took the city, levelled it with the ground, reserved fifty of its inhabitants to grace his triumph, and sold the rest of them as slaves.
		Scipio was one of the most learned and accomplished men of his age, a friend of Polybius and Panaetius, a patron of the poets Lucilius and Terence, and, it was said, — probably on no sufficient evidence, — a collaborator with Terence, or at least a reviser of some of his comedies.
	oll.libertyfund.org /Home3/HTML.php?recordID=0266 (16551 words)

	Plutarch's Life of Marius
		Scipio Africanus [Minor] besieged Numantia; where he signalized himself to his general by courage far above his comrades, and, particularly, by his cheerfully complying with Scipio's reformation of his army, before almost ruined by pleasures and luxury.
		Scipio [Africanus Minor], gently clapping Marius on the shoulder as he sat next him, replied, "Here, perhaps." So promising was his early youth of his future greatness, and so discerning was
		Scipio [Africanus Minor], we are told, which, like a divine admonition, chiefly emboldened Marius to aspire to a political career.
	www.bostonleadershipbuilders.com /plutarch/marius.htm (10877 words)

	Scipio Africanus The Younger -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Their initial intention appears to have been to prevent reinforcements being sent to Hannibal in Italy from his bases in southern Spain, but, by the time the command was...
		Publius Scipio was born into one of the great patrician families in Rome; his father, grandfather, and great-grandfather had all been consuls in their day.
		In 218 BC Scipio's father, also named Publius, held the consulship in one of the most critical years of Rome's history.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9066300 (870 words)

	AllRefer.com - Scipio Africanus Minor (Ancient History, Rome, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Scipio Africanus Minor (Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus Africanus Numantinus), c.185–129
		On his return to Rome he openly rejoiced at the murder of his adoptive cousin and own brother-in-law, Tiberius Gracchus (Scipio's wife, Sempronia, was sister of the Gracchi), and led the conservatives in attempting to destroy the Gracchan reforms.
		No inquiry was made, and it was generally said that he was murdered by his wife, his mother-in-law, or some other of the Gracchan party.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/ScipAfMnr.html (364 words)

	scipio - Books, journals, articles @ The Questia Online Library
		Scipio Mainenti of Ferrara initiated the debate...Bracciolini (1380-1459) to explain whether Scipio or Caesar was the greater Roman leader...
		Scipio, too, hears the music of the spheres...hover the souls of the dead, among whom Scipio recognizes his own ancestors, and he is...
		He was the intimate friend and companion of Scipio Africanus Major from youth, and he held command under him in...b.c., consul in 140 b.c., was famous for his friendship with Scipio Africanus Minor.
	www.questia.com /search/scipio (1399 words)

	Cornelius - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Asina, consul 260 BC, 254 BC
		Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Corculum, consul 162 BC, 155 BC
		Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Serapio, consul 138 BC
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cornelii (284 words)

	List of Roman battles - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		November Battle of the Ticinus - Hannibal defeats the Romans under Publius Cornelius Scipio the elder in a small cavalry fight.
		December, Battle of Magnesia - (near Smyrna) Romans under Lucius Cornelius Scipio and his brother Scipio Africanus Major defeat Antiochus III the Great in the decisive victory of the war.
		February 6 - Battle of Thapsus - Caesar defeats the Pompeian army of Metellus Scipio in North Africa.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Roman_battles (3415 words)

	The Conclusion
		Perhaps the most difficult part of the exchange was the decision by Scipio to burn the Carthaginian ships in their own harbor.
		Scipio, whose respect for Hannibal's courage and leadership yet remained strong, tried to persuade the Roman Senate that these reports were false, but the Romans feared Hannibal's capability too much.
		Minor perpetuated his siege of Carthage until he was finally able to beat down the gates.
	www.pchs1.com /ecourses/punicwar/epilogue.htm (866 words)

	The Sola Busca Tarot Deck
		Scipio might be a possibility -- there are (as usual) several to choose from.
		Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus was consul in 83; his army was incorporated by Sulla as the latter took Rome by force, (although Scipio was released).
		Cornelius Scipio Nasica Serapio was Pontifex Maximus in 133; sent as legate to the new province of Asia in 132; praetor in 114, 93; consul in 111.
	www.geocities.com /cartedatrionfi/Fragments/SolaBusca.html (5067 words)

	The Punic Wars
		Rome's outstanding leaders were Scipio Africanus and his adopted grandson, Scipio Aemilianus.
		Recalled to Carthage in 203 to check the advance of Scipio Africanus Major in Africa, he was decisively beaten at Zama (202).
		The younger Scipio (Scipio Africanus Minor) conquered it, house by house, and sold the surviving inhabitants into slavery.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Parliament/2587/punic.html (1273 words)

	JUGURTHA - LoveToKnow Article on JUGURTHA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Micipsa, naturally afraid of him, sent him to Spain (134 B.c.) in command of a Numidian force, to serve under P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus Minor.
		He became a favorite with Scipio and the Roman nobles, some of whom put into his head the idea of making himself sole king of Numidia, with the help of Roman money.
		Scipio had written to Micipsa a strong letter of recommendation in favor of Jugurtha; and to Scipio, accordingly, Micipsa entrusted the execution of his will.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /J/JU/JUGURTHA.htm (589 words)

	Scipio
		Scipio, ancient Roman family of the Cornelian gens.
		Africanus Major's wife was the sister of Aemilius Paullus, his daughter
		c.132 B.C., consul in 138, and pontifex maximus, was a son of Africanus Major's daughter; despite the family connections he led the mob of senators that murdered Tiberius Gracchus.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0844074.html (401 words)

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