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Topic: Scordatura

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Tuning

	New Page 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Scordatura tunings are based on the tonic chord of the piece of music in question, and are usually specified at the beginning of the work.
		Moreover, scordatura enabled the composer to suit the key and the writing to the oratorio, opera or sacred work in question, consequently there are about 30 different tunings from the first half of the 18th century, 75% of which are scordatura tunings.
		The violist d'amore of the scordatura school had to be principally a violinist, for whom the viola d'amore was an accessory, a way of extending his range, color, and instrumental possibilities.
	www.violadamore.com /scor.asp (896 words)

	Pavlo Beznosiuk: early Baroque chamber ensemble
		Besides the images in the manuscript, another technique uniting the sonatas is the use of scordatura (the retuning of the violin strings to notes other than the conventional g, d', a', e'') in all but the first and last of the sonatas, requiring a total of fifteen different tunings in the whole collection.
		The compositions using scordatura are notated in the manner of certain tablatures in that the violinist is told where on the string to place the fingers, but the resulting pitch is different from the notated pitch.
		The most extraordinary scordatura tuning in the set is in Rosary Sonata XI ('The Resurrection'), which requires the violinist to interchange the middle two strings, crossing them before the bridge of the violin and again at the nut, resulting in a symbolic cross shape.
	www.magnatune.com /artists/beznosiuk (2803 words)

	Scordatura Suite
		Scordatura Suite is a collection of three pieces for solo guitar, each in a different tuning.
		Scordatura tunings provide a much greater diversity of harmonic and contrapuntal possibilities on the guitar, an instrument which has a large but limited number of intervallic combinations available to the left hand.
		By altering the tuning of the instrument, different chords and voicings become possible that would not be otherwise, and I find that the different tunings help me to think “outside the box” of what my hands might end up doing naturally as I improvise.
	www.andrewmckennalee.com /music/solo_works/individual_works/scordatura_suite.htm (253 words)

	Troubadisc - Musik Label \| Scordatura - The Mystery Sonatas by Heinrich Ignaz Biber
		According to the composer’s indication, the strings were tuned in seconds, thirds, or fourths, rather than fifths, in order to make the chords easier to play.
		In Sonata 15 in C major, too, the fifths c—g—d are on open strings, which is especially advantageous since in this way the E-string, which is usually a bit too high, is avoided.
		Paganini carried the playing in scordatura even farther in that he re-tuned his violin for certain keys.
	www.troubadisc.de /templates/tyBA_standard.php?topic=Themen_Skordatur&newLanguage=en (555 words)

	Scordatura (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The practice of tuning the strings of a stringed instrument differently than the standard tuning.
		Scordatura is generally used to extend an instrument's range, or to make certain passages easier or more possible to perform; it is also used to achieve certain special effects.
		Scordatura was popular between 1600 and 1750, and is used rarely now.
	www.music.vt.edu /musicdictionary/texts/Scordatura.html (56 words)

	The Jon Rose Web - Scordatura
		Scordatura means literally 'to mistune' although it generally refers to the mistuning of bowed string instruments such as violins, viola d'amore, and Hardanger fiddles.
		The idea of mistuning may also be a reductive and condescending view of history, as up to and including the 18th century there were so many options as to how string instruments might be tuned; it depended on the music and situation confronting a string player.
		She performs plenty of Biber to show the value of Scordatura to Baroque composers, as well as her own arrangements and compositions.
	www.jonroseweb.com /c_articles_scordatura.html (1111 words)

	Tunings and Players of the viola d'amore
		Scordatura signs teach me tunings in some pieces (for example, partia for two violas d'amore by Biber), but there is no sign in many pieces.
		Scordatura is tricky when the tuning isn't specified.
		To me the viola d'amore is an accessory to the violinist, a kind of a big complicated mute, if you will, a means of changing color/instrumentation, and not a separate vocation or a distinct genre of musical literature.
	www.violadamore.com /faq.asp (3088 words)

	INKPOT#64 CLASSICAL MUSIC REVIEWS: TARTINI "The Devil's Sonata" and other works. Manze (Harmonia Mundi)
		The Pastorale in Scordatura opens with a serenely beautiful movement that is instantly recognisable as music depicting a pastoral setting.
		There is a quaint sort of attractiveness to it, bringing to my mind images of a distant spring vale touched by a gentle breeze.
		Scordatura altering the normal tuning of the strings of an instrument to resonate with the key of the music to be played.
	inkpot.com /classical/tartidevilson.html (1449 words)

	About the Viola d'amore Viola d'amore Society of America
		The bulk of viola d'amore music during the 18th century was written in scordatura notation, a system by which a violinist could more easily play on a viola d'amore with different tunings other than the standard tuning of a stringed instrument tuned in fifths.
		On the other hand, some composers, such as J.S. Bach and Christoph Graupner did not use scordatura notation at all and so the written notes were those actually that were sounded.
		As witnessed by the large number of instruments made by luthiers and the composers who wrote for it, the viola d'amore was popular during the Baroque and Classical periods.
	www.violadamoresocietyofamerica.org /Page.html (1068 words)

	ARTA classics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		With Vojta’s sonatas this aspect of scordatura is equally important, and one can even demonstrate a meta-musical structure.
		The scordatura in itself is a powerful means of expression, and Vojta employs it masterfully.
		In this respect the introductory parts of the first violin sonatas are extremely interesting, as is the use of the key of b-minor.
	www.arta.cz /f10141en.htm (2231 words)

	Re: [Finale] Scordatura notation and playback
		Technically it may be scordatura, but in the context it isn't really.
		Nonetheless, there is actually a Biber Sonata in the 1681 set, where the scordatura only starts half way through the piece, and the violinist is given two measures to tune the E string a tone down.
		I have done this numerous times in concert, and with a little practice and well-working pegs (this is baroque violin, no patent tuning system, and naturally gut strings) it can be done reliably.
	www.mail-archive.com /finale@mail.shsu.edu/msg07326.html (686 words)

	MDT - BISCD608, BIS CD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Partia III from Harmonia Artificiosa-Ariosa for 2 violins scordatura and basso continuo
		Partia III from Harmonia Artificiosa-Ariosa fro 2 violins scordatura and basso continuo
		Partia V from Harmonia Artificiosa-Ariosa for 2 violins scordatura and basso continuo
	www.mdt.co.uk /MDTSite/product/CD/BISCD608.htm (160 words)

	www.jazzweekly.com \| Reviews
		Ceremony's fascination resides in the fact that Guy's string treatments seem perfectly aligned with those of Biber, who, after all, was one of the first composers to use scordatura, the unusual tuning of strings.
		Biber-influenced scordatura plays a large part in Guy's meditative "Ceremony," which features Homburger live in the studio improvising against seven pre-taped tracks of herself playing four other specially-tuned violins.
		Casual listening to these sweet string clusters may make it appear to be merely another period chamber piece.
	www.jazzweekly.com /reviews/homburgguy.htm (446 words)

	Midi Relaying Etc
		So lets call the score you make for retuning via FTS a scordotura keyboard score, since it tells the keyboard player where to place his or her fingers on the keyboard, rather than representing the actual pitches heard.
		The advantage of a scordatura keyboard score is that it can be sight read by a keyboard player with no further training, using the same hand / eye coordination that they use for a conventional score.
		At this point, something of a FAQ is, is there any way to convert a scordatura score automatically into a score with microtonal accidentals, or indeed, to automatically convert scores between various systems such as cents, thirty one equal notation, seventy two equal notation, Indian sruti notations etc..
	tunesmithy.netfirms.com /fts_help/midi_relaying.htm (16022 words)

	Sand, Craig and Dornenburg: Baroque trio
		Though not as influential as Corelli, whose sonatas became the universal model, Biber's compositions for violin are the work of a master who fully understood the technical and expressive possibilities of his instrument and had a flair for highly descriptive music.
		But Biber's use of scordatura goes far deeper than being a means of facilitating double-stops.
		(They are almost impossible in the standard tuning.) For a more important effect of scordatura is to endow the violin with maximum resonance in one specific key, which both narrows the focus of the violin's 'voice' and deepens its emotional impact.
	www.magnatune.com /artists/scd (1111 words)

	[No title]
		Thus, by contemplating the image, reading the texts, and hearing the music, individuals were supposed to create a mental picture of the mystery, often in minute detail and at great length.
		Such devices were either in general use at this time or can be seen elsewhere in Biber’s music.
		These specific images enhance the mood of each sonata created through careful choice of key, movement type and scordatura tuning, one example being the fifth sonata, using a scordatura of a, e', a', c'' sharp, combined with predominantly ascending melodies to evoke the joyous moment when Mary and Joseph find Christ in the temple.
	www.aam.co.uk /features/biberm.htm (717 words)

	Alternate tunings for guitar. Violin, E major, Russian.
		Violin tuning - string 6 = G. Scordatura - E major, G major (Russian), DADGAD.
		It feels good and the brightness is maintained and, this may be my imagination but, even without perfect pitch you get a very refreshing sensation of playing in an unusual key.
		For example, the G major, or "Russian tuning" (D G d g b d') has 3 strings lowered for a total of -6 half steps.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Lobby/7049/scord.htm (1202 words)

	BACH, J.S. Cello Suite # 5 in C min (Manuscript)
		You will notice that the manuscript is written in Scordatura (Italian for mistuning).
		The "accord" at the beginning indicates that the A String is to be tuned down one whole step to G. The written notes show, not the actual sound, but the placement of the fingers in their usual position.
		Scordatura was quite common in the Baroque period.
	www.wimmercello.com /bachs5ms.html (300 words)

	Pachelbel: Canon & Gigue; Chamber Works
		Partie I, for 2 scordatura violins & continuo in F major (Musicalische Ergötzung No. 1), T. info)
		Partie II, for 2 scordatura violins & continuo in C minor (Musicalische Ergötzung No. 2), T. info)
		Partie V, for 2 scordatura violins & continuo in C major (Musicalische Ergötzung No. 5), T. info)
	online.musicmatch.com /album/album.cgi?ALBUMID=1229835&type=cl (215 words)

	RochAbs
		A Context for the Scordatura Partias of Biber and Pachelbel
		If Biber’s scordatura partias where already in existence, it seems probable that Pachelbel’s collection was a direct musical response to Biber.
		There is a further connection between these two prints, in that the unique copy of the 1696 edition of Biber’s collection and the unique copy of Pachelbel’s are both preserved in the music collection made by Count Rudolf Franz Erwein von Schönborn during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries.
	www.arts.uci.edu /sscm/archives/RochAbs.html (5420 words)

	Music for Guitar Solos
		Jerry Klickstein's ingenious transcription of these pieces, originally composed in 1650, uses scordatura and a capo to overcome the problems of transcribing baroque lute music to the guitar.
		This work is a showstopper, with the guitar in an unusual C# minor scordatura (the same tuning as Domeniconi's Koyunbaba), with a clear tablature staff as well as standard notation to facilitate sight reading.
		Frammenti, in six brief movements (two entirely in harmonics), features a scordatura of the fourth string to C# and the sixth to D and a number of percussive effects.
	www.tuscanyguitar.com /tuscany/solos.htm (4708 words)

	Re: [Finale] Scordatura notation and playback
		A professional will strive to play in tune at > all times, and will strive to take care of his or her instrument so that it > plays well at all times.
		For these reasons, the professional will usually > seek other ways within the section to play the scordatura passages, if > possible, or will use a cheaper instrument, already mis-tuned, for necessary > scordatura passages.
		Re: [Finale] Scordatura notation and playback Darcy James Argue
	www.mail-archive.com /finale@mail.shsu.edu/msg07271.html (868 words)

	Hollis Taylor - Special Projects
		By this time the standard G-D-A-E tuning was codified, and the disadvantages of scordatura gradually led to its near abandonment.
		Reclaiming the scordatura strategy gave me great flexibility in finding new chords and relationships on the violin, often aided by an extended downward range.
		Homestead at Silver Creek Falls (D-D-A-D) The Scordatura Project debuted at the Brussels Musical Instrument Museum, Belgium, in May 2005 and was featured at the Melbourne Festival in October 2005.
	www.hollistaylor.com /tay_specialproj.html (5645 words)

	Classical Net Review - Vivaldi - Concertos for Violin with Two Orchestras
		Whether these, or any of the others included in the program, are anybody's actual favorites may be questionable, but they certainly represent Vivaldi as an inexhaustible compounder of instrumental sonorities.
		The solo violin (occasionally scordatura), antiphonal string orchestras, organs, woodwinds, and harpsichords offer possibilities for numerous fresh textural combinations and recombinations that are unique even in Vivaldi's inventive oeuvre.
		The inclusion of all these concertos in a single program is therefore an especially striking testimonial to Vivaldi's productivity.
	www.classical.net /music/recs/reviews/e/ess01046a.html (582 words)

	Ten -String Guitar
		Scordatura: Non-standard tuning, within the context of the specified string configuration
		Other configurations’ tunings are indicated in the list, in conjunction with the work.
		§ Scordatura may be required — unspecified in the manuscript
	www.tenstringguitar.com /10stringsforsale.html (1158 words)

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