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Topic: Scots Gaelic language

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	Scottish Gaelic language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gaelic is the traditional language of the Scotti or Gaels, and the historical language of the majority of Scotland.
		The Gaelic language displaced the native Pictish, and until the late 15th century it was known in Inglis as Scottis.
		Lowland Gaelic was spoken in the southern regions of Scotland prior to the introduction of Lowland Scots.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scots_Gaelic_language (3664 words)

	Ulster Scots language - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Ulster Scots (and Ullans, an alternative name by which it is known) are recent terms for the varieties of Lowland Scots spoken in parts of Ulster in Ireland.
		Scots, mainly Gaelic-speaking, had been settling in Ulster since the 1400s, but the largest numbers of Scots-speaking Lowlanders, some 200,000, arrived during the 17th century following the 1610 Plantation, with the peak reached during the 1690s.
		Ulster Scots is defined in legislation (The North/South Co-operation (Implementation Bodies) Northern Ireland Order 1999) as: the variety of the Scots language which has traditionally been used in parts of Northern Ireland and in Donegal in Ireland [1].
	open-encyclopedia.com /Ulster_Scots_language (1404 words)

	Gaelic - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Goidelic languages were once restricted to Ireland, but in the 6th century Irish colonists and invaders began migrating to Scotland and eventually assimilated the Brythonic language speakers who lived there.
		Manx, the former common language of the Isle of Man, is descended from the Gaelic spoken in north east Ireland and the now extinct Gaelic of Galloway (Scotland), with heavy influence from Old Norse because of the Viking invasions.
		Before the 12th century Scottish Gaelic was Scotland's major language, but the introduction of the Germanic Scots language and the English language reversed that, excluding Scottish speakers to the Highlands.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /gaelic.htm (950 words)

	Scots language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Scots (or Lallans meaning lowlands) is a Germanic language used in lowland Scotland, and parts of Northern Ireland and border areas of the Republic of Ireland, where it is known as Ulster Scots or Ullans.
		Scots also has loan words resulting from contact with Gaelic, a Celtic language, distinct from Scots, still spoken by some in the Highlands and Islands to the west.
		Ulster Scots, spoken by the descendants of Scottish settlers in Northern Ireland, and sometimes described by the neologism Ullans as a merging of Ulster and Lallans.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/s/sc/scots_language.html (2276 words)

	Encyclopedia: Scots Gaelic language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Gaelic is the traditional language of the Gaels, the Celtic ethnic group now mainly in the Scottish Highlands, and the historical language of most of Scotland.
		The language suffered as the Highlanders and their traditions were persecuted, especially after Culloden and since the Highland Clearances, but despite lingering prejudices, the language is now achieving greater cultural and official recognition.
		The BBC also operates a Gaelic language radio station Radio nan Gaidheal (which regularly transmits joint broadcasts with its Irish counterpart Raidió na Gaeltachta), and there are also television programmes in the language on the BBC and on the ITV commercial channels, usually subtitled in English.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Scots-Gaelic-language (2834 words)

	Scots language and alphabet
		Scots is descended from the language of the Angles who settled in northern Britain, in an area now known as Nortumbria and southern Scotland, in the 5th century AD.
		By the 14th century Scots was the main language of Scotland and was used in literature, education, government and in legal documents.
		Since Scots was once the state language of Scotland, it is a valid part of our heritage and the society recognises that it should be able to take its place as a language of Scotland, along with Gaelic and English.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/scots.htm (547 words)

	Scottish Gaelic language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Scottish Gaelic is closely related to Manx and Irish and was brought to Scotland around the 4th century AD by the Scots from Ireland.
		Scottish Gaelic was spoken throughout Scotland (apart from small areas in the extreme south-east and north-east) between the 9th and 11th centuries, but began to retreat north and westwards from the 11th century onwards.
		The earliest identifiably texts in Scottish Gaelic are notes in the Book of Deer written in north eastern Scotland in the 12th century, although the existence of a common written Classical Gaelic concealed the extent of the divergence between Scottish and Irish Gaelic.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/gaelic.htm (570 words)

	Scots language -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Gaelic of Scotland is now usually referred to as Scottish Gaelic or, sometimes, Scots Gaelic and is still spoken by some in the western Highlands and Islands.
		Residual features of Scots (often regarded as (Informal language consisting of words and expressions that are not considered appropriate for formal occasions; often vituperative or vulgar) slang) in the speech of the young urban working class are often derogatorily referred to as (Click link for more info and facts about Ned speak) Ned speak.
		Northern Scots, spoken north of Dundee, often split into North Northern, Mid Northern—also known as North East Scots and affectionately referred to as "the (The dialect of Ancient Greek spoken in the Peloponnesus) Doric"—and South Northern.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/sc/scots_language.htm (3233 words)

	Scotsman.com News - Gaelic language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		GAELIC is a foreign language, at least as far as Tony Blair is concerned.
		Gaelic 'thrives and declines' in a decade of contrasts for language
		GAELIC is declining in its traditional heartlands but it is growing in many other parts of Scotland, according to a new report, which also suggests it is moving from an oral to a written language.
	news.scotsman.com /topics.cfm?tid=64 (444 words)

	Gaelic Language
		The future of Scottish English depends on the degree to which Scots go on using their version of an international language.
		Gaelic (pronounced "Gallic" by English-speaking Scots) is taught in schools in the area, and many children still learn it from their parents.
		But as far as global English is concerned, Gaelic has contributed just one common word by which it can be remembered, particularly in the advertising agencies and campaign offices of the world: "slogan," originally sluagh ghairm, the war cry of the Highland clans.
	www.visitdunkeld.com /gaelic-language.htm (604 words)

	Scotsman.com News - Gaelic language - Scots speak up for Gaelic learning
		The fact that almost two-thirds of the Scottish population believe that Gaelic- medium education provision should be promoted and extended is hugely significant, particularly at a time when the Scottish Executive is preparing to bring forward a Gaelic Language Bill for consultation.
		The Bòrd’s aims are to increase the numbers of speakers and users of Gaelic, strengthen it as a family and community language, extend the use of the language in all aspects of life and help people access Gaelic and its culture.
		It is felt that for a language to have a platform for survival, 33 per cent of its speakers have to be aged under 25.
	news.scotsman.com /topics.cfm?tid=64&id=1094602003 (1095 words)

	Celtic Language Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Gaidhlig / Gaelic / Scots Gaelic / The language of ALBA or SCOTLAND:
		Cymraeg / Welsh / The language of CYMRU or WALES
		Kernewek / Cornish / The language of KERNOW or CORNWALL
	www.candledark.com /silver/celtlang.html (1612 words)

	The Gaelic language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		With regard to the class of languages to which it belongs, many and various opinions were long held; but it has been settled latterly without room for dispute that it belongs to the Indo-European, or as it is now called, the Aryan class.
		It is manifest that words which did not exist in the language must be borrowed from some source, and whence so naturally as from the language which was, in fact, the sacred tongue in the early church.
		The use of the subjunctive mood largely is characteristic of the Gaelic as of the Latin.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/literat/gaelicl.htm (981 words)

	Learn Scots_Gaelic Language - Free Conversational Scots_Gaelic Lessons Online - Common Scots_Gaelic Words and Phrases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Phrasebase drastically simplifies the language learning process by prioritizing the various components of learning and focusing your study efforts on the areas of greatest importance.
		The key is to immerse yourself in the language and use it as often as possible in order to build up your skills of speaking it and listening to it, understanding and comprehending it...
		Scots_Gaelic Language Exchange Pen-Pals - Community of people from around the world interested in teaching you their language and sharing their culture with you.
	www.phrasebase.com /learn/scots_gaelic.php (1872 words)

	Language - Mezzofanti.org
		Scots Gaelic experienced its literary renaissance in the 18th century, and came under standardization with the publication of the Scottish Bible in 1801.
		John Shaw's Scottish Gaelic Lessons - An extensive guide to the Scottish Gaelic language, in 22 lessons; although most of the text is in Scots Gaelic, and no English translation is offered for the Gaelic phrases.
		BBC Scottish Gaelic Programme - Listen to the Scottish Gaelic language being spoken in real-time with the BBC Scottish Gaelic Programme.
	www.mezzofanti.org /scots.html (1423 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		15 SCOTS should be officially recognised as a separate language from English and taught to schoolchildren from the age of five, say an influential group of MSPs.
		The as yet unpublished report admits that the number of Scots speakers is unknown, yet it calls for Scots to be recognised as a language under Part III of the European Chapter - putting it on the same footing as Gaelic - even though the issue is reserved and Holyrood has no relevant powers.
		Scots is not a living language, it's an entirely artificial construct being promoted by a gang of people who are trying to tell us that what's effectively slang ought to be taught to children.
	www.asu.edu /educ/epsl/LPRU/newsarchive/Art1787.txt (1136 words)

	Phrasebase - Scots Gaelic Language Facts And Information
		Summary: Church Gaelic is based on the Perthshire dialect of 200 years ago, and is at a distance from spoken dialects.
		Resurgence of interest in Scots Gaelic in the 1990s has been given a boost by the establishing of Scotland's own Parliament, for the first time in 300 years.
		In bilingual areas Gaelic is usually the first language of instruction for most primary subjects.
	www.phrasebase.com /languages/index.php?cat=26 (291 words)

	Scots language -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The word Lallans, which was originated by the Scottish poet Robert Burns, is usually used for a literary variety of the language, especially that used by the writers of the mid-20th-century movement known as the Scottish Renaissance.
		Languages such as Urdu and Punjabi continue to be spoken by immigrant groups, and the Scottish Parliament provides information in different languages to meet these needs.
		The Scots have a great respect for learning, and their history is full of people of humble birth who acquired university educations.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9066351?tocId=9066351 (865 words)

	Scots Gaelic language -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Scots Gaelic is a recent offshoot of the Irish language.
		Some aspects of the modern Scottish Gaelic dialects show that they preserve features lost in the language of Ireland during the Old Irish period; such archaism is characteristic of “colonial” languages.
		English is the national language of the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9066363?tocId=9066363 (790 words)

	Scots Gaelic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Gaelic Language is spoken by around 86,000 individuals primarily in the North of Scotland and in the Western Isles (eg.
		The vast majority of gaelic speakers are bilingual Gaelic / English.
		Gaelic (or Scottish Gaelic as it is sometimes known outside Scotland) has similarities to the other Celtic languages, and is particulary close to Irish (or Irish Gaelic) to the extent that a mutual understanding is possible.
	www.flw.com /languages/scotsgaelic.htm (91 words)

	Gaelic and Scots from Rampant Scotland Directory
		The Parliament provides a Gaelic in Scotland Fact Sheet (in English and Gaelic) with a wealth of data on the language including the status of the language, the number of Gaelic speakers in Scotland, legislation and government initiatives, Gaelic cultural organisations, Gaelic broadcasting and a list of Gaelic organisations.
		This is Seattle's Gaelic Language and Cultural Society and the site has details of their biennial festival and ongoing activities, such as a Gaelic choir, weekly classes, monthly activity days and ceilidhs.
		Before the development of a distinct Scottish Gaelic language in the 15th century, the literature of both countries may be considered as one.
	www.rampantscotland.com /gaelic.htm (2037 words)

	Scottish Gaelic language - FreeEncyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) is one of the Goidelic branches of Celtic languages still in use today.
		The Goidelic (northern) branch includes Scottish and Irish Gaelic as well as Manx, and is distinct from the Brythonic branch which includes Welsh, Cornish, and Breton.
		The most obvious is that the accent, or fada, is written as a grave accent in Scottish Gaelic, as opposed to the acute accent of Irish.
	openproxy.ath.cx /sc/Scots_Gaelic_language.html (137 words)

	Gaelic Language Materials (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Gaelic materials used to be very difficult (sometimes impossible) to come by outside of Scotland, and ordering from Scotland was difficult as well.
		One of the ways in which we can support the Gaelic language is to buy course materials, books, videos, tapes and music in Gaelic.
		Every time you buy a Gaelic item, you are supporting artists, writers, publishers, and all the other people they hire – many of whom are Gaelic speakers.
	www.acgamerica.org /language/books_music/materials.html (257 words)

	Organisations promoting the Scots Gaelic language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		As with most modern languages a range of different organisations have been established to promote the interests of Gaelic and its culture.
		The site of the Gaelic Society of Inverness which was established in 1871 for the specific purpose of cultivating the language, poetry and music of the Scottish Highlands and generally furthering the interests of the Gaelic speaking people.
		An Comunn Gàidhealach America (The Gaelic Society of America) strives to promote and preserve the Gaelic language and culture by supporting Gaelic language study and interest in Gaelic literature, song, music, art and history in North America and the world.
	www.gaelic-scotland.co.uk /Gaelic-Organisations.html (367 words)

	STAR Project announcements
		There will be a short summary of Gaelic in Scotland, the significance of the language, and a summary of pre-Revolutionary Highland communities in America.
		During the eighteenth century, the Cape Fear Valley of the Carolinas became the largest settlement of Scottish Gaels outside Scotland itself, with an estimated population of somewhere between 12,000 and 20,000.
		Yet, by the end of the nineteenth century, within the lifetimes of some of the final immigrants, Gaelic was dead as community language.
	www.star.ac.uk /Events/announce/176.html (346 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:GLS
		The following is the entry for this language as it appeared in the 14th edition (2000).
		It has been superseded by the corresponding entry in the 15th edition (2005).
		Church Gaelic is based on the Perthshire dialect of 200 years ago, and is at a distance from spoken dialects.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=GLS (180 words)

	Gaelic Language Lessons In Denver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		of a rigmarole of confusing language with the vast bulk of it...
		Gaelic (Scottish) Language Schools, Teachers, Tutors, Lessons, Classes - Lea...
		a long program of restoring the language that was all but supressed by the occupying British in the...
	www.international-language-schools.info /learn-speak-languages/gaelic-language-lessons-in-denver.html (213 words)

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