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	Covenanter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Additional matter intended to suit the document to the special circumstances of the time was added, and the covenant was adopted and signed by a large gathering in the churchyard of Greyfriars Kirk in Edinburgh, on the 28th of February 1638, after which copies were sent throughout the country for additional signatures.
		The General Assembly of 1638 was composed of ardent Covenanters, and in 1640 the covenant was adopted by the Scottish Parliament, and its subscription was required from all citizens.
		They maintained, however, their cherished covenants with a zeal which persecution only intensified; in 1680 the more tenacious members of the party signed a document known as the "Sanquhar Declaration," and were afterwards called Cameronians from the name of their leader, Richard Cameron.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Covenanter (1391 words)

	Scottish Covenant Association - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Scottish Covenant Association was a non-partisan political organisation in Scotland in the 1940s and 1950s seeking to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly.
		The name Covenant was a direct reference to the Solemn League and Covenant signed by the Scottish Covenanters of the 16th and 17th centuries.
		Perhaps the greatest coup of the Covenant Association was the removal of the Stone of Destiny from Westminster Abbey by four of their members (Ian Hamilton, Kay Matheson, Gavin Vernon and Alan Stuart) over Christmas in 1950.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scottish_Covenant_Association (251 words)

	What the Solemn League and Covenant means for today
		The Scottish minister Robert Bailie wrote, 'The English were for a civil league, we for a religious covenant'.
		After this, the Solemn League and Covenant was signed by the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland and the Scottish Parliament and later still it was subscribed by Charles II who was king of England, Scotland and Ireland.
		Covenanting with God is simply individuals or peoples declaring in response to God's grace to them that God is their God either individually or collectively.
	www.loughbrickland.org /Articles/slc.shtml (4116 words)

	Scottish National Covenant
		The Scots responded by appointing the veteran Alexander Leslie to organise the Army of the Covenant.
		Because of this, many prominent Scottish leaders opposed the alliance (known as the Engagement), resulting in an ill-fated Scottish invasion of England led by the Duke of Hamilton during the Second Civil War (1648).
		After the execution of Charles I, his son Charles II promised to take the Covenant under the terms of the Treaty of Breda (1650), and to impose Presbyterianism in England as well as Scotland in return for Scottish help in regaining the English throne.
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk /glossary/scots-national-covenant.htm (523 words)

	Covenants
		The basic idea is to structure theology around a covenant of works (in Adam all sinned), a covenant of redemption (between God and the Father and God the Son) and a covenant of grace (the emphasis seems on its being for the elect, though who it is actually with is not clear).
		Covenant theology is not lacking in a sincere desire to understand God's truth.
		However covenant theology has helped keep the word "covenant" in Scottish theological vocabulary, provided a basis for contrasting works and grace as means of salvation, and symbolised a commitment to an atonement-centred evangelical faith.
	www.schoolofministry.ac.nz /reformed/covenants.htm (1082 words)

	THE NATIONAL COVENANT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		JOSHUA 24:25.- So Joshua made a covenant with the people that day, and set them a statue and an ordinance in Shechem.
		And in all humility supplicate his Majesty's high Commissioner, and the honourable estates of Parliament, by their authority, to ratify and enjoin the same, under all civil pains; which will tend to the glory of God, preservation of religion, the King's Majesty's honour, and perfect peace of this kirk and kingdom.
		ACT anent the Ratification of the COVENANT, and of the Assembly's Supplication, Act of Council, and Act of Assembly concerning the Covenant.
	www.reformed.org /documents/wcf_sub_standards/nat_covenant.html (814 words)

	Covenanters
		When those who refused signed a covenant which stated that only Jesus Christ could command such a position, they were effectively signing their own death warrant.
		Other copies were taken throughout the country for further signatures, bringing the Scottish Kirk into direct conflict with the the King and the rule of law.
		The following year the Covenant was torn up and Charles' own Bishops and curates were appointed to govern the churches and 400 non-conforming ministers were ejected from their parishes.
	www.sorbie.net /covenanters.htm (7770 words)

	F.A.Q. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The National Covenant of 1638, the outstanding covenant of Scottish History, declared the firm determination of its Presbyterian authors and subscribers to resist to the death the claims of the King and his minions to override the Crown Rights of the Redeemer in His Kirk.
		The National Covenant of 1638 and the Solemn League and Covenant of 1643 were condemned as high treason, and henceforward it became perilous to adhere to them or to speak with approval of them.
		Behind and above covenants subscribed with their hands and witnessed to by their hearts, and in an even truer sense subscribed in their blood, was 'the everlasting covenant, ordered in all things and sure', itself sealed with the blood of the Mediator, and itself the pattern of all lesser covenants.
	www.freechurch.org /fair/fair0.htm (1993 words)

	Scottish National Party : SNP
		McCormick went on to form the Scottish Covenant[?], a non-partisan political organisation campaigning for the establishment of a devolved Scottish Assembly.
		The 79 Group were bolstered by the collapse of the Scottish Labour Party (SLP) in the aftermath of the '79 election.
		Sillars however argued that the Scottish people had to be given reasons as to why independence would benefit their lives and that this should involve a fully developed socio-economic programme.
	www.fastload.org /sn/SNP.html (2142 words)

	{{Strong(e)/Strang(e) Research in Britain and Ireland}}
		Covenants binding the subscribers to a common action were a feature of Scottish history before the Reformation.
		The previous Covenants had been signed by the nobility of Scotland only; this "National Covenant" was signed by nine-tenths of the Scottish people of all classes, rich and poor, noble and peasant, in the year 1638.
		The Scottish had been shocked by the execution of Charles I. He was, after all, a Scottish Stewart, and inde- pendently King of Scotland.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/Prairie/7530/covenant.html (5037 words)

	Solemn League and Covenant
		The alliance between Parliament and the Scottish Covenanters was sealed with the signing of the Solemn League and Covenant by both Houses of Parliament and the Scottish Commissioners on 25 September 1643.
		The alliance was negotiated in Edinburgh between a Parliamentary delegation headed by Sir Henry Vane and leaders of the Scottish Kirk dominated by the Marquis of Argyll.
		After the execution of Charles I, Kirk leaders pressed the Solemn League and Covenant on his son Charles II at the Treaty of Breda (1650).
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk /glossary/solemn-league-covenant.htm (337 words)

	Martyrs for Jesus Christ - persecutions unto death of the Presbyterian Christians in Scotland 1661 - 1688 for the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The National Covenant (1638) comprehended Scotland, the Church of Scotland, and (insofar as it applied in other lands) the churches planted by her.
		This Scottish Protestant immigration had left tension and mistrust in the center of Ulster betwixt the lords of that area and the English government.
		The listing of their likewise persecuted, yet less thorough brethren as martyrs for Covenanted Reformation principles is in no way intended to diminish from agreement with the Society People in their reservations, protestations, and quarrels with the other presbyterians who kept a less faithful, though still persecuted, allegiance to Covenanted Presbyterian principles.
	members.aol.com /Puritanone/martyrs.html (4683 words)

	The Approaching Storm: An Overview of Scottish Presbyterian History -- Part Seven (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Following the outbreak of civil war in England between Parliament and Charles I (1642) and the ratification of the Solemn League and Covenant (1643) by which Scotland aided the Parliamentary army against the Royalist troops, the winds of the storm seemed to be settling on the horizon.
		Charles II was then at the Hague in Holland, and the Scottish Parliament quickly sent a delegation inviting him to Scotland to serve as king on the condition that he would subscribe to the Solemn League and Covenant.
		As the hangman placed the noose around the faithful servant's neck he cried, "The Covenants, The Covenants, shall yet be Scotland's reviving." [23] Guthrie was one of the first of some 18,000 who over the next twenty-eight years would be martyred for the cause and sake of Christ.
	www.reformed.org /webfiles/antithesis/v2n4/ant_v2n4_storm.html (3384 words)

	All about Scotland - Over 350 pages on Scotland past and present (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In April 1945, at Motherwell, Scottish Nationalist Robert MacIntyre was elected to Parliament, and though he was defeated shortly after in the General Election, it was clear that a new spirit was afoot in Scotland.
		Following a vast increase in government workers in Scotland, (the Scottish Office expanded from 2,400 pre-war civil servants to over 8,000 by 1970), the Balfour Report of 1953 recommended that the handling of government functions in Scotland be undertaken by the Scottish Office.
		Ewing, a Scottish Nationalist who stated she wished to see her country seated at the U.N. between Saudi Arabia and Senegal was elected.
	scotland.niceguy.org.uk /after.htm (3102 words)

	Scottish Referendums
		The Scottish National Party (SNP) was one party devoted to radical constitutional change for Scotland.
		The Campaign for a Scottish Assembly was launched by home rule politicians, academics and activists in the immediate aftermath of the 1979 defeat in order to continue the fight.
		However, some Scottish Tories are personally in favour of a devolved parliament as a means of reviving their fortunes in Scotland.
	www.bbc.co.uk /politics97/devolution/scotland/briefing/c20scot.shtml (2002 words)

	A Restless Nation - Vivid Pictorial of Scottish Politics
		The Scottish Convention was eventually extinguished but set the pattern for future outbreaks which would dominate Scottish politics for the next 50 years.
		During the time of the Convention a Scottish Covenant was launched and over 2 million Scots signed it.
		Even with the success of the Covenant and the outrage over the stealing of the Stone the large political parties decided the Convention was no electoral treat and its supporters started to drift away.
	www.scottishradiance.com /bookreviews/nation.htm (979 words)

	The Covenanters
		Supporters of the Scottish National Covenant of 1638, drawn up to defend the church in Scotland against the attempts of King Charles and Archbishop Laud to impose the Anglican Prayer Book of 1637 upon Scotland.
		The Army of the Covenant was raised in 1639 to fight against the English in the Bishops' Wars.
		He was obliged to sign the Treaty of Breda in 1650, undertaking to impose Presbyterianism as the state religion in England, to outlaw Roman Catholicism, to acknowledge the Scottish Parliament and to renounce his arrangements with Montrose and Ormond.
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk /glossary/covenanter.htm (604 words)

	Westminster Target Seats (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Traditionally, medieval Scottish Kings were crowned at Scone upon the Stone of Destiny, but in 1296, the stone was stolen by the English conqueror, Edward I, and taken to Westminster Abbey.
		A further venture associated with the Covenant Association was the legal action raised in 1953 by John MacCormick and Ian Hamilton against the Lord Advocate, challenging the right of the Queen to call herself Elizabeth the Second, in Scotland, since she was the first Elizabeth to be queen of Scots.
		The discovery of oil in Scottish Water was of enormous significance, and the SNP ran the famous "It's Scotland's Oil" campaign, which removed the doubts about the economic viability of an independent Scotland.
	www.alba.org.uk /nextwe/snp.html (4640 words)

	Correction to Zachary Boyd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		For while it is incorrect to say that Boyd never signed the covenant, it is immaterial to Bacon’s argument whether Boyd actually signed the covenant in six months, a year, or whenever.
		Even those who were zealous of signing the covenant as King Charles readied an army against them, allowed more time and contemplation than do these modern zealots of the covenant.
		It is not the documents to which we object - it has always been the tactics used by the PRCE and their claim that the covenants are a necessity to which we have objected.
	www.fpcr.org /fpcrprc/never.htm (2330 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Scottish Convention of Estates was then sitting (it had met, by express call, June 22); and the Scottish General Assembly was to meet on the 2nd of August.
		The Covenant was thenceforth the Shibboleth of Parliamentarianism.
		Much of his celebrity in Scottish ecclesiastical history and in the history of Scottish theology had yet to be acquired; but for sixteen years he had been known as one of the most fervid spirits and most popular preachers in all Scotland.
	gutenberg.teleglobe.net /etext04/7mlt310.txt (13842 words)

	Scotslabels
		The Scottish Covenant Association was a Scottish Independence movement active in the 1950s.
		This 10" record was issued and distributed by the Scottish Covenant Association to promote their cause.
		Queen Elisabeth I of England ruled before the union of the Scottish and English crowns and therefore Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom cannot be Queen Elizabeth II of Scotland.
	www.sol.co.uk /c/chrishamilton/Scotslabels.htm (498 words)

	Skyelander's COMPLETE Scottish History Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		His reign is one of the most important in Scotland's history, extending Scottish borders to the River Tees, including all of Northumberland.
		William Wallace, Scottish Patriot, betrayed and captured by the English is "hung, drawn and quartered in a barbarous execution.
		Scottish Nationalists steal the Stone of Destiny from Westminster Abbey.
	members.aol.com /skyelander/timeline.html (4170 words)

	Men Of The Right Stuff (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		This document was known as the Ulster Covenant and it was based on the old Scottish solemn league and covenant of 1580, which established the principals of Presbyterianism in Scotland.
		This identification with the historical Scottish covenant was not merely symbolic, but representative of the close links existing between many people in both countries since the time of Plantation of Ulster by Scottish settlers.
		Although his visit was staged under the auspices of the Scottish Unionist Party, there was a strong Orange presence at all the functions he attended.
	www.greengairsthistle.com /rightstuff.htm (1891 words)

	Scottish History Courses - The Scottish Revolution
		The Scottish uprising against Charles I in 1637-8, leading to the seizure of power by the covenanters, was a pivotal moment in British history, the first in a series of events that would lead to Charles's downfall.
		In Scotland as in England, a new regime was established at the revolution, based on parliament rather than the incipient royal absolutism that had characterised the period before 1638.
		In the process the Scottish regime suffered splits and fell into conflict with England, leading to defeat-but many of the achievements of the covenanters survived, and others would be revived in 1689-90, shaping the course of Scottish and British history for a long time to come.
	www.arts.ed.ac.uk /scothist/courses/scotrevolution (1172 words)

	Scottish Covenant Association - TheBestLinks.com - Christmas, Scotland, Scottish National Party, 1950s, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Scottish Covenant Association - TheBestLinks.com - Christmas, Scotland, Scottish National Party, 1950s,...
		Scottish Covenant Association, Christmas, Scotland, Scottish National Party...
		The Scottish Covenant Association was a non-partizan political organisation in Scotland in the 1940s and 1950s seeking to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Scottish_Covenant_Association.html (283 words)

	Scottish History - History of the Scottish Nationalist Movement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Scottish National Party's origins can be traced back to a number of organisations formed in the 1920's, even though political support for Home Rule had existed after a fashion ever since the 1790s.
		The discovery of oil in Scottish Water was of enormous significance, and the SNP ran the very effective "It's Scotland's Oil" campaign, which removed the doubts about the economic viability of an independent Scotland.
		All the SNP sitting Westminster MPs chose to stand for election to the Scottish Parliament and all were elected.In 2000, Alex Salmond, whilst riding on the crest of his popularity, surprised many by declaring his resignation as leader after 10 years of mounting internal strife.
	www.siol-nan-gaidheal.com /Celtic_Solidarity/nathist.htm (4534 words)

	Cover Specials
		When it is practiced faithfully, daily family worship is one of the great blessings of covenant life; when it is ignored or set aside, it is a serious sin which has devastating consequences to the individual, the family, the church, and the state.
		The National Covenant, a Scottish Presbyterian document, primarily composed by Alexander Henderson and Archibald Johnstone of Wariston.
		The text of the Scottish Metrical Psalms was authorized by the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1650.
	www.swrb.com /covers/cover.htm (3594 words)

	ScotClans - Scottish History - 1557 Signing of The Covenant
		A covenant is a contract between God and the people.
		In 1557 a group of Protestant nobles opposed to Mary marrying the Roman Catholic Dauphin of France, signed a covenant to state that they would promote the ‘blessed work of God and his Congregation against the Congregation of Satan’, the former being the Protestants and the latter the Catholics.
		Among the covenant’s signatories were the Earls of Argyll, Morton, Glencairn and John Erskine of Dun.
	www.scotclans.com /history/1557_covenant.html (273 words)

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