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	Scratching - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Scratching is a DJ or turntablist technique originated by Grand Wizard Theodore, an early hip hop DJ from New York (AMG).
		Theodore developed scratching from DJ Grandmaster Flash, who describes scratching as, "nothing but the back-cueing that you hear in your ear before you push it [the recorded sound] out to the crowd." (Toop, 1991) Kool Herc was also an important early figure.
		When scratching, this crossfader is utilized in conjunction with the "scratching hand" to cut in and out of the scratched record.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scratching (1839 words)

	Disc Jockey 101: Scratching
		Scratching records is a form of turntablism, which is the manipulation of a turntable, pre-recorded music, and mixer in a "free-form" manner (i.e., like jazz musicians that improvise).
		Scratch records are usually made with a better grade of vinyl (such as "regrind") and are less likely to become damaged.
		To practice transformer scratching, find a constant note (often found in made for scratch records) and while that note is playing, move the upfader on the mixer up-and-down as quick as possible.
	www.discjockey101.com /scratching.html (1553 words)

	Turntablism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		DJ Grand Mixer DXT is credited with inventing turntablism, the rhythmic scratching of a record on one or more (usually two) turntables, then using different velocities to alter the pitch of the note or sound on the recording, making the turntable a fully performable and improvisational instrument (Alberts 2002).
		More sophisticated methods of scratching were developed later, which involve moving the fader on the mixer in a rhythmic manner while scratching, giving a wide variety of different sounding scratch effects.
		Battling involves each turntablist performing a routine (A combination of various technical scratches, beat juggles, and other elements, including body tricks) within a limited time period, after which the routine is judged by a panel of experts.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Turntablism (874 words)

	Cat Scratching Behavior, CCAH Update, UC Davis, Fall 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Scratching a large, upright structure is innate behavior—scratching a tree served the purpose for the wild ancestor of cats; scratching furniture is the equivalent for the more urbanized feline.
		A scratched item such as an outdoor tree, a piece of furniture or a scratching post becomes a personal territorial marker of the cat, because the scratched appearance is readily visible to other cats who might be in the vicinity.
		When encouraging a cat to use a scratching post, the post should first be placed in a prominent area; after it is being used it can be moved gradually to the side of the room, because cats tend to use the same object repeatedly.
	www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu /CCAH/Update07-2/upd7-2_scratching.html (624 words)

	B - Behavior Problem - Destructive Scratching
		Cats like to pick a prominent spot for their scratching, since they are partially doing this to announce their presence to the world.
		Putting their scratching post away in the corner of a seldom used room may not fulfill that need.
		The scratching post should be at least 1 foot tall,or long, depending on its orientation.
	www.vetinfo.com /cencyclopedia/cebehavscr.html (679 words)

	Feline Scratching ~ Pawprints and Purrs, Inc.
		Although scratching does serve to shorten and condition the claws, the primary reasons that cats scratch are to mark their territory and to stretch.
		Cats who spend most of their time indoors will of course, need some outlet for their scratching and marking behaviors so don’t be surprised if you come home to objects strewn all over the floor, scratches on your furniture, and your cat playfully climbing or dangling from your drapes.
		Since cats use their scratching posts for marking and stretching, posts should be set up in prominent areas, with at least one close to the cat’s sleeping quarters.
	www.sniksnak.com /cathealth/scratching.html (1582 words)

	Cat Hospital of Chicago-Scratching Behavior In Cats (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Scratching is a natural behavior of cats and it is important for cat owners to recognize this concept.
		Cats scratch for a variety of reasons: to shed old cuticle, to “mark their territory” by leaving scent marks (there are scent glands on the digital paw pads), and to stretch and exercise their muscles.
		Although scratching is a natural behavior for cats, this behavior is a source of frustration for many cat owners whose furniture has shreds of fabric hanging from it, whose stereo speakers may be shredded, and whose cabinets don a few or more claw marks.
	www.cathospitalofchicago.com /library/scratching_behavior_in_cats.htm (1987 words)

	Cat Scratching Solutions
		Though Kitty's natural propensity for scratching may not be big news, it is a fact that you'll need to take into account if you're to make any headway in winning the battle to keep her from scratching in places you consider undesirable.
		Scratching is a territorial instinct by which cats place their mark and establish their turf.
		Remember that an important part of scratching is the cat's desire to mark a territory, so a scratching post should be in an area that's used by the family, not hidden in a back corner.
	www.catscratching.com (3034 words)

	A Taxonomy of DJs - Scratching (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Scratching a record involves moving the vinyl record back and forth with one hand while moving the crossfader (on the mixer) back and forth with the other.
		The chirp scratch, perhaps most utilized in the style of DJ Jazzy Jeff, is performed by fading the sound out with the crossfader as you push the record forward and fading the sound back in with the crossfader as you pull the record back.
		A zig zag scratch is a move where the DJ uses one hand on the record, and one hand moving back and forth between the volume fader and the record to create a unique scratch effect.
	www.cs.ubc.ca /~tbeamish/djtaxonomy/scratching.html (2225 words)

	Scratching Furniture by Perfect Paws Cat and Kitten Training and Behavior
		Scratching and climbing are highly enjoyable feline activities and are part of the essence of being a cat.
		Until your cat can be trusted not to scratch and claw your furniture, she should not be allowed free run of your house when you are not there to supervise her.
		Once your cat understands that scratching and climbing her post is fun, rewarding and gains your enthusiastic approval, it is time to teach her not to scratch the drapes or furniture.
	www.perfectpaws.com /scratch.html (817 words)

	Scratching Right
		Scratching is one of the biggest behavior problems that keep cats and their owners from enjoying domestic bliss.
		Scratching for a kitten is actually just a means of climbing to higher ground.
		Scratching is a normal, natural behavior, so you can't reprimand him.
	www.catangel.com /scratchingright.htm (965 words)

	Scratching on Furniture: A Common Behavior Even in Declawed Cats
		When scratching on items such as furniture or scratching posts, cats are also leaving scent from the sweat glands on the pads of their paws and between the pads.
		Cats scratch most frequently right after waking so it is critical that the scratching post is convenient to where they spend much of their time.
		Finally, show your cat how to use her scratching post and praise or give your kitty special treats when she is using her furniture instead of yours.
	www.peteducation.com /article.cfm?cls=1&cat=1310&articleid=166 (429 words)

	Stopping The Scratching - CBS News
		Cats scratch to sharpen their claws, which is essential "in the wild" to make sure they have a fighting chance against their many predators.
		Scratching also serves as a way to stretch, flex and burn off a little energy.
		Scratching posts, scratching pads and cat trees are just a few of them.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2003/08/20/earlyshow/contributors/debbyeturner/main569350.shtml (1420 words)

	djvibe.com: Learn :: DJ 101 ::: Scratching (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Anyone who has tried to scratch on belt drive decks or anything that isn't top end, is going to know that it really is important (not only for improving your learning curve, but also maintaining your sanity) to ensure that the equipment you're using is suitable.
		The scratch itself is the same as in the Baby Scratch, but the difference is in using the crossfader to cut off the back stroke halfway.
		A one click forward flare would be a forward scratch starting with the sound on as you click the fader against the side once in the middle of the forward stroke creating two distinct sounds in one stroke of your record hand.
	www.djvibe.com /learn/mix/scratch.php (3841 words)

	CatStuff: Cat Care Tips and Tricks
		If the cat is always scratching at a particular spot in the carpeting, the reason might be due to a strong smell in that one spot - go to the vet and get an enzymatic cleaner and clean it thoroughly.
		Make the scratching post appealing to him: rub catnip on it or mist it with catnip spray; drape a heavy string (a long leather shoelace works great) over it and wiggle it to catch his interest; put treats on the very top.
		Sometimes changing to a scratching post that is covered with sisal rope or a different texture will kindle his interest in the post, as well.
	www.xmission.com /~emailbox/tips.htm (3688 words)

	Destructive Scratching
		Although some people think a cat's scratching behavior is a reflection of his distaste for a couch's upholstery, a not-so-subtle hint to open the drapes or a poorly conceived Zorro impersonation, the fact is that cats scratch objects in their environment for many perfectly normal reasons.
		Because scratching is a normal behavior, and one that cats are highly motivated to display, it's unrealistic to try to prevent them from scratching.
		If you do catch your cat in the act of scratching inappropriate objects, punish her in a way that prevents her from associating the punishment with you.
	www.cdhs.net /destructive_scratching.htm (635 words)

	FELINE SCRATCHING
		Cats that go outside may be content to do all their scratching outdoors, but the urge may still arise when the cat comes back indoors.
		Cats that spend most of their time indoors will of course, need some outlet for their scratching and marking behaviors so don’t be surprised if you come home to objects strewn all over the floor, scratches on your furniture, and your cat playfully climbing or dangling from your drapes.
		Therefore, while it may not be possible to stop a cat from scratching, it should be possible to direct the scratching, climbing and play to appropriate areas indoors.
	www.maxshouse.com /feline_scratching.htm (1329 words)

	Cat Scratching (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Cats scratch objects to remove the sheaths of their nails and to mark their territories.
		And the stretching or climbing involved in the process is a way to exercise and flex their muscles."lt's important to recognize that scratching is normal behavior," says llona Rodan, DVM, of the Cat Care Clinic in Madison, WI.
		The unbridled glee with which a cat scratches an object is something you can redirect to a human-friendly location and texture.
	www.nymews.com /scratching.html (344 words)

	Cat Trees, Cat Furniture, Cat Houses, Condos, Scratching Posts, Cat Beds & Cat Perches, plus Natural Cat & Dog ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Scratching posts and support columns are made of solid wood posts or Natural Hardwoods.
		The average scratching post area needed is two and a half to three feet.
		This Floor Scratching Post Cat Tree is adjustable.....when your kitties have scratched the sisal bare on the top of their scratching post....it is a simple proceedure to rotate the sisal post to a new scratching area.
	www.4cat-trees.com /cattrees.htm (1216 words)

	ASPCA: Pet Care: Cat Care: Scratching
		They scratch as a means of threatening other cats.
		And the act of scratching actually removes frayed and worn outer claws, exposing new, sharper ones.
		This procedure may frighten the cat and teach her to avoid the scratching post completely.
	www.aspca.org /site/PageServer?pagename=pets_scratching (539 words)

	Animal Planet :: Cat guide -- Training -- Scratching
		Place a scratching post in an open area of your home where the cat's claw marks will be readily be seen.
		Rubbing your cat's paws up and down the post may attract him to it once his scent is deposited on it, but many cats will balk at having their paws held.
		Reward your cat for scratching the post, either with affection and approval or a food treat; if he claws the furniture, apply repellent or double-sided tape to his target and move the post closer to the favored piece of furniture.
	animal.discovery.com /guides/cats/training/scratching.html (308 words)

	SmartCat Scratching Ramp Cat Scratcher
		Place the scratching ramp in a room where the cat spends a lot of time.
		Scratch your nails along the surface of the material.
		Temporarily cover the previously scratched areas with a few strips of double-sided carpet tape or clear double-sided tape strips that are designed for this purpose.
	www.onlynaturalpet.com /ProductDetails.asp?ProductCode=182003 (314 words)

	Technorati Tag: scratching
		Scratching Shop eBay for anything and everything - from the very unique to brand new items.
		recently me and lethal laurence hooked up scratch live, sat down with our tables and an undisclosed amount of "magic" mush,ciggeretts, and viva puffs...
		Scratching Find Deals on scratching and other Jewelry and Watches at DealTime.
	www.technorati.com /tag/scratching (410 words)

	Scratching
		I have had eczema all my life and am now free of it thanks to the programme for overcoming scratching as explained in the book 'The Eczema Solution' by S Armstrong Brown.
		I often thought if I could stop scratching I wouldn't break the skin and it would be great.
		The blunt nails have, however, meant that the satisfaction gained from scratching the itch is greatly reduced, to the extent of frustration sometimes....but all in all I've been really pleased.
	www.talkeczema.com /webpages/yourlives/scratching.htm (2060 words)

	- Cat Scratching Pads at CAT CLAWS INC. - Cat toys, cat treats, cat trees, cat beds, and much more!
		And when the honeycomb insert is worn from scratching, it's easy and inexpensive to replace (with item #1066).
		Purchase when necessary to replace the worn-out scratching surface of the Super Sleeper Scratcher (sold separately).
		When the corrugated insert is worn from scratching, simply slide out the old slab and slip in a new Deluxe Insert.
	www.catclaws.com /scratchingpads.html (1077 words)

	Re: What causes an itch, and why does scratching eliminate it?
		Doctors and scientists have been studying itch for a long time, but there still is no completely satisfactory answer to the question of what is itch.
		It turns out that mild scratching is one of the best ways to excite the pain neurons with uninsulated axons.
		Essentially, scientists believe that the massive signal that mild scratching sends to certain populations of pain neurons temporarily overwhelms or masks the itch sensation.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/mar97/857507616.Me.r.html (539 words)

	iPod Nano owners in screen scratch trauma \| The Register
		Apple's discussion forums are already host to a 188-post thread on the topic, where people have spotted that the plastic used for the screen and front of the product is as sensitive as a Kate Moss sponsor.
		Trouble is that a few scratches will quickly make the colour screen all but useless for viewing album art and photos stored on the machine.
		He said there's no official company policy at the moment on the scratching, but that it is obviously an issue 'just from looking at mine', and that they'll swap it for me with no problems if I bring the whole thing back".
	www.theregister.co.uk /2005/09/23/ipod_nano_scratching (774 words)

	Scratching, Clawing, Climbing and Perching
		Your cat is also exercising the muscles that extend and retract the claws, which needs to be done to keep in shape for climbing, hunting, and scratching.
		The key is to accept that your cat needs to scratch while recognizing that you can limit the damage by providing acceptable objects for scratching.
		Scratching posts can be made or purchased, and they come in all shapes and sizes.
	www.petco.com /Content/Article.aspx?PC=article&Nav=153&PetTypeID=2&TopicID=30&id=133&tab=2&pettype=2&categoryID=2&articleID=133 (1171 words)

	Destructive Scratching
		Scratching is a natural behavior for cats and can be directed to appropriate items.
		However, if you feel that you must either declaw your cat or give her up, we would rather see your cat stay in her home and be your lifelong companion.
		Never have rear paws declawed, and be sure to always keep your cat indoors; without claws to defend herself or climb to escape, your cat is in much greater danger outdoors—and the great outdoors is a very unsafe place for cats to begin with.
	www.staugustinehumanesociety.org /destructive_scratching.htm (1136 words)

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