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Topic: Screwpile lighthouse

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	Virginia Lighthouses
		The lighthouse, a hexagonal cottage screwpile, was demolished in 1967.
		The lighthouse, a hexagonal cottage screwpile, was demolished in 1965.
		The lighthouse, a hexagonal cottage screwpile, was demolished in 1960.
	www.unc.edu /~rowlett/lighthouse/va.htm (3030 words)

	screwpile lighthouse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Screw-pile lighthouses stand on piles which are screwed into sandy or muddy sea or river bottoms.
		It was constructed in 1838 at the mouth of the Thames and was known as the Maplin Sand lighthouse.
		In the United States, screw-pile lighthouses proliferated in the Chesapeake Bay due to its estuarial soft bottom.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Screwpile_lighthouse.html (148 words)

	Seven Foot Knoll Lighthouse
		The Lighthouse was built in 1855 and was the second screwpile lighthouse to be built on the Chesapeake Bay.
		Screwpile lighthouses were a popular design in the latter half of the 1800s and a total of about 40 were constructed on the bay.
		The lighthouse was removed from its location at the mouth of the Patapsco River and carried by barge to its present location on Pier 5 of Baltimore’s inner harbor.
	www.rickslighthouses.com /seven_foot_knoll.htm (549 words)

	Maryland Lighthouses
		The museum was renovated in 2004 and reopened in the spring of 2005.
		The lighthouse, a hexagonal cottage screwpile, was demolished in 1962.
		The lighthouse, a square cottage screwpile, was demolished in 1963.
	www.unc.edu /~rowlett/lighthouse/md.htm (4783 words)

	Screw Pile Lighthouse Construction Types
		The screw-pile lighthouse in the bays and sounds did not need to project their lights more than a few miles, so the height of the lens was not a major concern.
		Most screw pile lighthouses were made with iron piles, though a few were made with wooden piles covered with metal screw sleeves (these sleeves were probably adopted because they were less expensive and easier to insert into the bottom, plus the sleeve protected the wood from marine-boring invertebrates).
		The typical screw pile lighthouse was hexagonal or octagonal in plan consisting of a central pile which was set first and then the six or eight perimeter piles were screwed in place around it.
	www.nightbeacon.com /zprofiles/Screwpile_Lighthouse_Construction_Types.htm (1361 words)

	Lighthouse Construction Types
		The first screwpile lighthouse type built in the United States was at Brandywine Shoal, Delaware Bay, an area served by a lightship since 1823 and an ordinary straightpile lighthouse which stood briefly there in 1828 but was destroyed by ice.
		Most screwpile lighthouses were made with iron piles, though a few were made with wooden piles covered with metal screw sleeves (these sleeves were probably adopted because they were less expensive and easier to insert into the bottom, plus the sleeve protected the wood from marine-boring invertebrates).
		The typical screwpile lighthouse was hexagonal or octagonal in plan consisting of a central pile which was set first and then the six or eight perimeter piles were screwed in place around it.
	www.cr.nps.gov /maritime/constype/screw.htm (628 words)

	Light House Evolution and Typology
		Lighthouse administration had become too large to remain a direct responsibility of the Secretary of the Treasury and was assigned to the Fifth Auditor.
		The screw-pile structure had revolutionized lighthouses in the bays and sounds of southern waters; however, this technology was not applicable in northern waters due to the screw-pile’s vulnerability to swift currents and ice.
		The breakwater lighthouse had to be relatively light in order to avoid stress on the foundation; the structure had to be strong in order to withstand the impact of the waves and vibrations; and the lighthouse had to be compact because of the limited space available for the structure.
	www.uscg.mil /hq/g-cp/history/LHevolution.html (5608 words)

	Thomas Point Shoal Light Station National Historic Landmark Nomination
		For the 14 or so screwpile lighthouses with rectangular or square plans, the piles were placed vertically around the perimeter of the structure, not in an incline as was typical of the hexagonal design foundations.
		The Lighthouse Board in their 1872 annual report stated, "its present location is such that little use can be made of it at night, and in times of thick or foggy weather it is utterly useless." In addition, the existing tower was deterioratingleaking badly and flooding during rains.
		In 1998, the Chesapeake Bay Lighthouse Society was exploring the possibility of undertaking the preservation of the structure for the U.S. Coast Guard with the possibility of leasing it as a bed and breakfast.
	www.cr.nps.gov /maritime/nhl/thomaspt.htm (7614 words)

	Eastern Shore Lighthouses
		The lighthouse was removed in October 1920, placed on a barge, and sent to the docks at Cape Charles.
		It was a white rectangular lighthouse with a combination screwpile and concrete pylon foundation.
		The lighthouse was demolished in 1962, and a simple modern beacon was erected at the foundation ruins.
	www.geocities.com /valights13/eastern.htm (828 words)

	Thomas Point Shoal Lighthouse
		The Thomas Point Lighthouse is the only screwpile lighthouse in the Chesapeake Bay that is in its original location.
		Near Annapolis, Maryland, the lighthouse is approximately one and one-half miles southeast of Thomas Point near the entrance to the South River on the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay.
		The current Thomas Point lighthouse is the third to be built at the mouth of the South River.
	www.rickslighthouses.com /thomas_point_shoal.htm (452 words)

	LighthouseRatings.com - Drum Point Lighthouse
		Finally on February 15, 1883, plans were finalized for a screwpile lighthouse to be anchored less than one eighth of a mile south offshore of Drum Point safeguarding the mouth of the Patuxent River.
		Decommissioned in 1962, the lighthouse was damaged by vandals, neglect and even a fire until it was move off the bay by barge to the Calvert Marine Museum in 1975 for posterity.
		The lighthouse is only one of four screwpile lighthouse to survive of more than forty that once existed and give historic testimony to this aspect of the Chesapeake Bay culture.
	www.lighthouseratings.com /Drum (1107 words)

	Sherpa Guides \| Chesapeake Bay \| Appendices \| Lighthouses of Chesapeake Bay
		Screwpile lighthouses are built on pilings literally screwed deep into the bedrock.
		This structure suffered the fate of many screwpile lighthouses on the bay when it was damaged by ice in 1893, repaired, then knocked completely off its pilings and carried away by ice floes in 1895.
		A replica of the lighthouse is on the mainland at nearby Cape Charles.
	www.sherpaguides.com /chesapeake_bay/appendices/lighthouses.html (3967 words)

	Rappahannock River Lighthouses - page 3
		A rectangular screwpile lighthouse was completed on June 10, 1868.
		A white hexagonal screwpile lighthouse was built in 1869 and had a fixed white light and a fifth-order Fresnel lens.
		It was a hexagonal screwpile, commissioned on November 10, 1889.
	www.geocities.com /valights13/rappahan.htm (423 words)

	The Calvert Marine Museum - Drum Point Lighthouse
		The Drum Point Lighthouse is open year round, weather permitting, except for when the museum is closed on certain holidays.
		This screwpile, cottage-type light is only one of three remaining from forty-five that once served the Chesapeake Bay at the beginning of the twentieth century.
		The museum is fortunate that the logbook for the drum Point Lighthouse have survived for the periods 1883 to 1943, and are preserved at the National Archives.
	www.calvertmarinemuseum.com /drum_point.htm (1110 words)

	Diagram of a Lighthouse - Chesapeake Bay Lighthouses - Chesapeake Bay Gateways Network
		The living quarters of screwpile lighthouses were not as roomy as many land-based keeper’s cottages, but could be fairly comfortable nonetheless.
		A typical screwpile lighthouse had one and a half stories of living and mechanical space, topped by a lantern gallery that was accessed by a wooden ship’s ladder.
		Hexagonal screwpile lighthouses were built upon a central pile surrounded by six or eight perimeter cast-iron piles.
	www.baygateways.net /lighthousediagram.cfm (339 words)

	Trip 3 Breezy Point
		Sharps Island Lighthouse was built in 1882, about 4 miles off Tilghman Island, and is a caisson lighthouse.
		It is the lighthouse that is tilted because of ice flows in 1977.
		The lighthouse was built in 1882, about 2 miles off Kent Island, and is a caisson lighthouse.
	www.lighthouselegacycharters.com /trip3.htm (289 words)

	Calvert County - Press Releases - 07/15/98 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		PRINCE FREDERICK, Md., -- July 15, 1998 -- The Southern Maryland Sailing Association (SMSA) is sponsoring the 6th Annual Screwpile Lighthouse Challenge in Solomons, Maryland July 19-21, 1998.
		Screwpile '98 is open to racing and cruising monohull yachts that have a valid handicap rating certificate on file with appropriate PHRF or MORC class organizations.
		You may visit the Screwpile '98 web page at www.smsa.com or the Calvert County Department of Economic Development at 410.535.4583, e-mail cced@co.cal.md.us.
	www.ecalvert.com /press/pr071598.htm (176 words)

	Thomas Point Shoal Lighthouse -- Doughty Designs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The hexagonal screwpile lighthouse, built in 1875, at Thomas Point Shoal is the third marking this navigational hazard.
		The first two lighthouses, built in 1825 and 1838, were ineffective in design and also placement, as they were on land at Thomas Point.
		However, when ice damaged the screwpile light in 1877, the old 1838 tower had to be used temporarily.
	www.doughtydesigns.com /ThomasPt.htm (90 words)

	Annapolis MD and Anne Arundel county events by What's up Magazine, covers sports, entertainment, dining, music and more
		A sturdier caisson lighthouse, with a hefty base sunk into the sand, was recommended, but the plan was too expensive.
		To build this caisson lighthouse, a huge iron cylinder was filled with stone and concrete-except for a space reserved for storage of fuels and water- and sunk into the sand to form the foundation.
		The Sevenfoot Knoll Lighthouse, which for years signaled the entrance to Baltimore harbor from the mouth of the Patapsco River, was moved in 1988 to its current spot at Pier 5 in the Inner Harbor.
	www.whatsupmag.com /mar04/lighthouse.shtml (975 words)

	New Bay Times Online
		Plans for Drum Point Lighthouse date to 1853, when $5,000 was allocated for building a lighthouse on the north entrance to the Patuxent River to help mariners navigate the entrance to the Patuxent River and avoid the dangerous shoal water off Sandy Point Bar.
		Unusual among lighthouses, it was a three-story brick and cedar-shingle house crowned by a 50-foot tower housing lens and fog bell.
		John Donohoo, the nation’s finest early lighthouse builder — contractor of 13 stations on the Bay and 31 in his career — was commissioned to build the diminutive white house with its red roof and fl lantern.
	www.bayweekly.com /year00/issue8_3/lead8_3.html (4069 words)

	Secretary Norton Announces Thomas Point Lighthouse
		The transfer of the 1875 lighthouse, which represents the nation's last unaltered screwpile cottage-type lighthouse on its original foundation, was the centerpiece of the annual Maryland Maritime Heritage Festival
		The Thomas Point Shoal Lighthouse Partnership plans to restore parts of the lighthouse to represent the early 20th century and parts of it to represent the Coast Guard era in the mid-century.
		The Thomas Point Shoals Light Station is a screwpile with a hexagonal one and one-half story white wood keeper's cottage with dormers and a red roof.
	www.doi.gov /news/040503a (653 words)

	Calvert County - Press Releases - 07/18/97 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		PRINCE FREDERICK, MD, -- July 18, 1997 -- The Southern Maryland Sailing Association (SMSA) is sponsoring the 5th Annual Screwpile Lighthouse Challenge in Solomons, Maryland July 20-22, 1997.
		The 1996 Screwpile Lighthouse Challenge was a great success.
		Screwpile 97 is open to racing and cruising monohull yachts that have a valid handicap rating certificate on file with appropriate PHRF or MORC class organizations.
	www.ecalvert.com /press/pr071897.htm (234 words)

	Chesapeake Chapter, US Lighthouse Society - Our Lighthouse Heritage - Hoopers Strait (Relocated to Chesapeake Bay ...
		The first lighthouse was constructed in 1867 and destroyed by ice during the winter of 1877.
		The second screwpile lighthouse was constructed in 1880.
		The lighthouse was slated for destruction in 1966 when it was acquired by the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum in St. Michaels, MD. The move required the lighthouse being was cut from its original pilings and cut in half befor being transported up the Bay to its new site in November of that year.
	www.cheslights.org /heritage/hoopers-str.htm (365 words)

	Roanoke River NC Lighthouse by Harbour Lights
		The Lighthouse Board commissioned the building of a screwpile lighthouse, which was completed in 1866.
		By 1887, workers had re-built the lighthouse, placing it again on pilings that were screwed into the muddy ocean floor.
		Plans are being made to raise the lightship and put it on exhibit near the lighthouse replica.
	www.harbourlights.com /catalog/2002/hl_roanoke_river.htm (449 words)

	Seven Foot Knoll Lighthouse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		No longer warning of shoal waters along the Patapsco River and the Baltimore ship channel, this screwpile lighthouse was the second to be built on the Chesapeake.
		Now resting securely (moved in 1987) on land, this lighthouse is one of several Baltimore inner Harbor exhibits devoted to marine history.
		It is open to the public, and provided a good view f the design and construction of these type of lighthouses.
	www.zonianlady.com /sevenfootknoll/sevenfootknoll.html (93 words)

	Lighthouses
		A handsome volume that is a virtual archive of history, romance, lore and technical data on 320 of America's major lighthouses and 140 lights that are historically less signifcant.
		Focuses on technical development of the lighthouses, the actual lights and development of lenses, the architecture, construction and history of the most prominent lights.
		Historic American Lighthouses is illustrated extensively with evocative color photographs of American lighthouses form coast to coast; it tells the stories of the many lighthouses, revealing the connections between lighthouse history and America's maritime heritage.
	www.paracay.com /nauticalbooks/LHS.html (2192 words)

	Half Moon Reef Lighthouse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The lighthouse was constructed on the shoal, Halfmoon Reef, which separates Matagorda and Palacios Bay, in 1858.
		It is a hexagonal screwpile lighthouse, constructed of wood painted white, with green trim.
		In 1935, the light was downgraded to an eight day lantern and the keepers moved ashore.
	www.coastlights.com /Texas/hfmnreef.html (81 words)

	lighthouses florida keys and other florida keys related information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Florida Keys "Reef Lights" are the iron-pile lighthouses which mark the reefs of the Florida Keys.
		Screw-pile lighthouses used in the Florida Keys stand on coral rock.
		If you are looking for lobsters, lighthouses, maps, fish, birds, plants and history about all the Fabulous Florida Keys you will find it here.
	www.nethorde.com /florida_keys/lighthouses-florida-keys.html (316 words)

	Hooper Strait Lighthouse -- doughty designs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		After the last vessel was destroyed during the Civil War, a screwpile lighthouse was erected in 1867.
		The Coast Guard planned to demolish it in 1966, but the lighthouse was acquired by the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum in St.
		It is one of four screwpiles remaining around the Bay, which once had more than forty of that design.
	www.doughtydesigns.com /hooper_str.htm (120 words)

	Drum Point, NC - Harbour Lights collectibles and gifts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Work began on the screwpile lighthouse in 1883.
		Built in only 10 feet of water, each of the seven 10-inch legs were screwed into the bay bottom and were supported by cross braces to form a framework foundation for the dwelling above.
		Twelve years later, it was moved upriver to the Calvert Marine Museum where it was lovingly restored to pristine condition.
	www.gifts-collectibles.com /harbour-lights/drum-point-nc.html (227 words)

	Annapolis Maritime Museum - Press Room (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Annapolis Maritime Museum and the US Lighthouse Society’s Chesapeake Chapter will host the first Thomas Point Lighthouse Beach Party to raise both money and awareness for the Thomas Point Shoal Lighthouse Project.
		Three tickets will be drawn, each of which entitles the bearer and one guest to be on the "1st Trip Out" to the Light when public tours begin in May of next year.
		Pending the reconstruction of the lighthouse landing dock, primary sponsors for the event will have opportunity to head out to the Lighthouse on Friday July 16th to watch the start of Eastport Yacht Club’s Solomon’s Invitational Regatta, an overnight race from Annapolis to Solomon’s Island.
	www.annapolismaritimemuseum.com /press.htm (6426 words)

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