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Topic: Sea cucumber

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	Palau Paradise of the Pacific- Under the Sea: Sea Cucumber
		The sea cucumber is an important animal to the islands of Palau.
		The sea cucumber's eggs are a primary food source for many other sea creatures.
		A relative of the starfish, sea cucumbers are also invertebrates with soft bodies.
	www.pbs.org /edens/palau/p_sea_b_9.htm (120 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Sea cucumber
		Sea cucumbers are generally scavengers, feeding on debris in the benthic layer.
		Sea cucumbers extract oxygen from water in a pair of 'lungs' or respiratory 'trees' that branch off the cloaca just inside the anus, so that they 'breathe' by drawing water in through the anus and then expelling it.
		Sea cucumber is considered a delicacy in Far East countries such as Malaysia, Singapore,China, Japan, Korea, and Indonesia as well as in certain Mediterranean countries such as Spain.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Sea_cucumber (1043 words)

	Sea cucumber
		Sea cucumbers are sausage shaped, and their skin is covered with warty bumps or soft spines.
		Sea cucumbers have hundreds of tiny suction-cup tube feet that they use to crawl across the sea floor.
		Three common sea cucumbers are the warty sea cucumber, the California cucumber, and the white star cucumber.
	library.thinkquest.org /J001418/seacuc.html (196 words)

	Sea Cucumber: Food and Medicine
		The sea cucumber is valued-along with several other delicacies, such as shark's fin, ginseng, cordyceps, and tremella-as a disease preventive and longevity tonic.
		The sea cucumber properties may be compared with certain other common Chinese tonics that are used in food therapy, such as cordyceps (dongchong xiacao; which tonifies yang and is less moistening) and tremella (yiner; which nourishes yin and is moistening, but is less effective as a blood tonic).
		Sea cucumber, having a cartilagenous body, serves as a rich source of mucopolysaccharides, mainly chondroitin sulfate, which is well-known for its ability to reduce arthritis pain, especially that of osteoarthritis As little as 3 grams per day of the dried sea cucumber has been helpful in significantly reducing arthralgia.
	www.itmonline.org /arts/seacucumber.htm (1218 words)

	The Sea Cucumber
		Sea cucumbers (Class: Holothuroidea, Phylum: Echinodermata) are a soft-bodied, invertebrate relative of the starfish and sea urchins.
		Sea cucumbers propel themselves by means of tubular extensions or tube feet arranged in rows along the length of their bodies.
		Sea cucumbers are a soft-bodied, invertebrate relative of the starfish and sea urchins.
	www.seacucumber.com /About_Sea_Cucumbers.htm (510 words)

	Sea Cucumber - MSN Encarta
		Sea Cucumber, soft-bodied, tubular echinoderm related to the starfish and the sea urchin.
		Many sea cucumbers also ingest mud and sand and, in a manner similar to that of earthworms, absorb the organic matter, egest the waste from the cloaca, and leave castings.
		Sea cucumbers of about a dozen species that occur on coral reefs of the southwestern Pacific are known commercially as bêche-de-mer, or trepang; they are dried and used to make soups.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761576798/Sea_Cucumber.html (433 words)

	Pepineros: The Sea cucumber fishery in Galapagos
		Sea cucumbers were harvested from the ocean shallows by divers breathing compressed air.
		Sea cucumbers are boiled in vats, causing the animals to expel their gut and any contents.
		Sea cucumbers have long been called the "earthworms of the sea" because they perform a function similar to that of earthworms, consuming and grinding materials into finer particles that bacteria can then break down, in the great nutrient cycles of the seas.
	jc-research.com /jim/galapagos/pepino.html (1961 words)

	Sea Cucumber
		Sea Cucumber (Beche-de-Mer) is a seabed dwelling marine animal which feeds on microscopicalgae, absorbing nutrients from the organic matter.
		Beche de Mer (Sea Cucumber) is a marine animal related to starfish and sea urchins containing mucopolysaccharides, chondroitins, protein, vitamins A and C, riboflavin, niacin, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, sodium, and carbohydrates.
		Sea cucumber has a cartilaginous body that serves as a rich source of mucopolysaccharides; mainly chondroitin sulfate, known for its ability to reduce arthritis pain.
	www.psoriasis.com /seacucumber.html (697 words)

	Sea Cucumbers, Sea Cucumbers Information
		The external surface of the sea cucumber is very soft because it is an invertebrate (without a spine), it also has five rows of tube feet that are all along the length of their body.
		The internal structure of sea cucumbers consists of an alimentary canal, which is a long tube that runs from the mouth of the sea cucumber at the forward end to the anus, which is at the posterior end of the sea cucumber.
		Sea cucumber is traditionally served in the form of a soup.
	www.allthesea.com /Sea-Cucumbers.html (1639 words)

	Sea Cucumber (Beche de Mer) - Supplements
		Sea cucumbers are not cucumbers at all —or even members of the plant family for that matter.
		The sea cucumber’s body wall is composed of five muscle strips running from the front to the back (which are used for food).
		For dietary supplements, the sea cucumbers are harvested from the sea, dried and pulverized into powder for encapsulation.
	www.supplementwatch.com /supatoz/supplement.asp?supplementId=313 (429 words)

	Go2 Galapagos \| Sea Cucumber: A conflict of interest
		Sea cucumber fishing is the most important economic activity in the archipelago.
		Sea cucumbers feed on the nutrients that are contained in the mud at the bottom of the sea.
		We are in the sea cucumber fishing period, and we hope that all the parties involved in this delicate issue can come to a real answer, for the future of their families and this world treasure, The Galapagos Islands.
	www.go2galapagos.com /articles/article_seacucumber_14aug01.html (451 words)

	Home
		Coastside has been excited about the nutritional benefits of sea cucumbers for over twenty years.
		During that time we have discovered, developed, patented, manufactured and marketed several new sea cucumber-based nutraceuticals for people and their pets that have stood the "test of time" with our loyal following.
		Sea cucumbers are rich in the proteins, polysaccharides, Omega-3 fatty acids and marine trace minerals that provide the essential building blocks (and rebuilding blocks) that people and animals need to live long, healthy, active lives.
	www.seacucumber.com (194 words)

	Sea Cucumber - Chesapeake Bay Program
		A sea cucumberâs mouth is ringed with a row of fingerlike, stalked or branched tentacles, which are actually modified tube feet and part of the bodyâs water vascular system and are used for feeding.
		Photo courtesy of Marine Biological Laboratory Woods Hole, MA The hairy cucumber is a common holothuroid that occurs in shallow waters along the east coast of North America from Massachusetts and south to Florida and the Gulf of Mexico.
		If a sea cucumber is picked up or otherwise disturbed, it will (like a sea squirt) expel water from the rear opening, and if the disturbance is intense it performs an even more surprising move, even expelling some of their internal parts, which may sometimesâ”not alwaysâ”results in the death of the animal.
	www.chesapeakebay.net /Info/sea_cucumber.cfm (568 words)

	Sea Cucumber
		A major study of New Zealand’s sea cucumbers that is nearing completion, and recent taxonomic work, are providing a fuller picture of the diversity of this remarkable group of creatures.
		Although only one species of sea cucumber is conspicuous, 100 or more species occupy various habitats in New Zealand, ranging from intertidal zones through to shallow subtidal zones and right down to the abyssal depths.
		It defies the uncharismatic, sluggish properties typical of sea cucumbers, and is a beautiful bright red animal with white dots and stunning branching red tentacles.
	www.seasabres.com /Safty-education/Education/marinelife/cucumber.htm (834 words)

	AquariumDomain.com - Sea Cucumber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Sea cucumbers, are a very unique group of echinoderms in that they are the only class that is soft bodied rather than hard with well-developed circular and longitudinal muscles.
		Sea cucumbers are sessile and very sluggish; they ingest large amounts of sand extracting any food items while filtering out the cleansed sand, thus making them excellent sand sifters and a great part of a cleaning crew for a larger aquarium.
		Sea Cucumbers get their food by crawling along the bottom of the aquarium (subtrate needs to be sand) where they sift the sand ingesting both plant and animal material that is in the substrate.
	www.aquariumdomain.com /inverts/seaCucumber.asp (325 words)

	Benita's Research
		Sea cucumbers are sedentary animals that are easily exploited because they are large, easy to collect, and do not require sophisticated fishing techniques.
		Sea cucumbers have often been called the earthworms of the sea, because they are responsible for the extensive shifting and mixing of the substrate, and recycling of detrital matter (Massin 1982, Uthicke 1999, 2001).
		As sea cucumbers play an important role as deposit feeders, rapid declines in populations may have serious consequences for the survival of other species that are part of the same complex food web (Birkeland 1988).
	people.bu.edu /benita/BenitaResearch.htm (1749 words)

	SeaCukes
		Sea Cucumbers, Class Holothuroidea: With body shapes ranging from spherical to long and worm-like, bizarre rings of tentacles circling a non-descript head-end, these slow-moving, drab to brightly colored and marked invertebrates are well-known at least by sight, by most aquarists.
		Holothuria mexicana (Ludwig 1875), the Donkey Dung Sea Cucumber.
		Gerkins or dills- the Cucumbers of the sea.
	www.wetwebmedia.com /seacukes.htm (2538 words)

	Sea Cucumber -- Pictures, Animal Facts, Habitats, Video, Sound, Wallpaper -- National Geographic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Sea cucumbers are echinoderms—like starfish and sea urchins.
		Sea cucumbers feed on tiny particles like algae, minute aquatic animals, or waste materials, which they gather in with 8 to 30 tube feet that look like tentacles surrounding their mouths.
		Sea cucumbers, particularly eggs and young larvae, are prey for fish and other marine animals.
	www3.nationalgeographic.com /animals/invertebrates/sea-cucumber.html (396 words)

	Holothuroidea
		The Holothuroidea, or sea cucumbers, are an abundant and diverse group of worm-like and usually soft-bodied echinoderms.
		The oldest undoubted fossils of sea cucumbers are of isolated spicules from the Silurian (ca.
		Sea cucumbers are also distinct as echinoderms in having a circlet of oral tentacles.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Holothuroidea&contgroup=Echinodermata (2157 words)

	Aquarium Invertebrates
		A close-up of the broad, palmate feeding tentacles of this Holothuria sea cucumber.
		One of the most common deposit-feeding sea cucumbers found in the pet shops these days are the ‘tiger-tail cucumbers.’ This is one of the many cases in the pet trade where a well-known common name is applied to a wide variety of species, many of which don’t act or even look similar.
		Sprung (2001) recommends a rule-of-thumb of three inches of sea cucumber per 20 gallons of reef aquarium to prevent overstocking, which seems like a reasonable level for a well-established and stocked aquarium, but is probably still a bit heavy for a sparse or newly setup reef tank.
	www.advancedaquarist.com /issues/jan2003/invert.htm (5151 words)

	Sea Cucumber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A sea cucumber is definitely not a plant, sea cucumbers are a marine animal belonging to the same class as sea-urchins, sea lilies and starfish.
		Sea cucumbers can grow 4 to 5 inches thick, ranging in length from 1-inch to nearly five feet.
		Sea cucumbers are frequently brownish, but may range in color from fl to bright yellow and sometime with red stripes.
	www.thejump.net /id/sea-cucumber.htm (112 words)

	MoonDragon's Health & Wellness: Nutrition - Natural Food Supplements - Sea Cucumber (Sea Cuke)
		Sea cucumbers, also known as bêcher-de-mer and trepang, are not actually cucumbers, but are marine animals related (same class as) to starfishes, sea lilies, sea stars, brittle stars, and sea urchins.
		It is a cylindrical, cucumber or sausage-shaped (hence named sea cucumber) animal found in all seas of the world, at all depths usually lying on the bottom on one flattened side.
		Sea cucumbers can grow 3 to 4 inches thick, ranging in length from 1 inch to almost five feet, often brownish, but may range in color from fl to bright yellow and red stripes.
	www.moondragon.org /health/nutritionbasics/supplements/seacuke.html (604 words)

	.:Kesehatan-Alami.com: Info obat alami, Gold-G sea cucumber, tripang, teripang, gamat, spirulina, jantung, hepatitis, ...
		Penggunaan Teripang (Gamat, Sea Cucumber) sebagai antiseptik tradisional dan obat serbaguna untuk berbagai penyakit sudah dikenal sejak 500 tahun yang lalu pada masyarakat Pulau Langkawi, yaitu sebuah pulau kecil di Semenanjung Malaya (Malaysia).
		Penelitian yang dilakukan di beberapa Universitas di Malaysia selama 8 tahun menunjukkan bahwa Sea Cucumber dapat melancarkan peredaran darah, mencegah penyumbatan kolesterol pada pembuluh darah, melancarkan fungsi ginjal, meningkatkan kadar metabolisme, membantu arthritis, diabetes mellitus dan hipertensi serta mempercepat penyembuhan luka, baik luka luar maupun luka dalam.
		Gold-G Sea Cucumber dalam istilah sehari-hari disebut Timun Emas atau Teripang/Gamat adalah bahan makanan yang berasal dari laut di Asia (Pulau Langkawi, Malaysia).
	www.kesehatan-alami.com (1266 words)

	Echinoderms (starfish, brittle star, sea urchin, feather star, sea cucumber)
		Sea stars are characterized by radial symmetry, several arms (5 or multiplied by 5) radiating from a central body.
		Sea cucumbers move by means of tube feet which extend in rows from the underside of the body.
		The sea cucumbers hold on to exposed rocks or corals, raise their body to a upright position, rock back and forth and release the sperm and eggs into the sea.
	www.starfish.ch /reef/echinoderms.html (2533 words)

	Sea Cucumber: A Natural Arthritis Treatment \| Howard Benedikt, DC, MS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		As previously mentioned, sea cucumber has been shown to be effective in reducing the pain and inflammation seen in the arthritic and traumatized patient.
		Sea cucumber has been shown in studies to reduce blood pressure, help in the healing of ulcers, joint pain to include injury to soft tissue as well as joint trauma, bursitis, prostatitis, and lower back pain to include sciatica.
		Sea cucumber was added to his regime of spinal manipulation.
	www.chiroweb.com /archives/print_friendly.php?volume=14&issue=10&issue_date=May%206%2C%201996&pr_file_name=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chiroweb.com%2Farchives%2F14%2F10%2F03.html (1012 words)

	CNN.com - Nature - Sea cucumbers in a deep pickle - August 29, 2000
		Sea cucumbers, which turn over as much as 90 percent of the biomass on the sea floor, are a vital part of the marine ecosystem
		A recent study conducted by TRAFFIC on the sea cucumber fishery along Ecuador's Galapagos Islands warns that action is needed to ensure that the resource is sustainable in the future.
		Following a four-year ban, an experimental sea cucumber fishery was approved in April and May 1999 in the Galapagos.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/NATURE/08/30/sea.cucumbers.enn/index.html (769 words)

	The Sea Slug Forum - Sea Cucumber secretions
		She then asked me to give the sea cucumber back to her and to hold my hands out of the water with my fingers closed tight to one another.
		Your "sea slug" is in fact a Holothurian or Sea Cucumber which are a class of Echinoderms related to Starfish and Sea Urchins.
		Sea Cucumbers are an interesting parallel to opisthobranchs, both groups having lost the protection of the hard shell or exoskeleton found in their closest relatives.
	www.seaslugforum.net /display.cfm?id=151 (296 words)

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