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Topic: Second Battle of Bedriacum

	List of battles 1400 BC-AD 600
		Battle of Himera The Carthaginians under Hamilcar are defeated by the Greeks of Sicily, led by Gelon of Syracuse.
		Battle of Sellasia Defeat of Cleomenes III of Sparta by Antigonus Doson of Macedon and the Achaean League
		Battle of Herdonia Hannibal destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius.
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/l/li/list_of_battles_1400_bc_ad_600.html (4725 words)

	List of battles 1400 BC-600 AD
		Second Battle of Capua[?] Hannibal is unable to break the Roman siege of the city.
		Battle of Asculum (89 BC)[?] The Roman army of C. Pompeius Strabo decisively defeats the rebels in the Social War.
		357 Battle of Strasbourg (357)[?] Julian expels the Alamanni from the Rhineland
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/li/List_of_battles_1400_BC-600_AD.html (4447 words)

	Wikinfo \| List of Roman battles
		Battle of Cape Ecnomus - A Carthaginian fleet under Hamilcar and Hanno is defeated in an attempt to stop a Roman invasion of Africa by Marcus Atilius Regulus.
		Battle of Herdonia - Hannibal destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius.
		Second Battle of Capua - Hannibal is unable to break the Roman siege of the city.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=List_of_Roman_battles (3246 words)

	e. The High Empire. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		They met in the plain of the Po Valley and defeated the forces of Otho (Apr. 19) in the First Battle of Bedriacum (near Cremona), whereupon Otho, to avert further bloodshed, committed suicide.
		Antonius Primus, commander of the seventh legion in Pannonia, rallied all the Danubian legions to Vespasian and moved rapidly into northern Italy.
		There he defeated the forces of Vitellius in the Second Battle of Bedriacum and sacked Cremona (late Oct.).
	www.bartleby.com /67/251.html (845 words)

	List of Roman battles
		April 14 - Battle of Bedriacum - Vitellius, commander of the Rhine armies, defeats Emperor Otho and seizes the throne.
		October 24 - Second Battle of Bedriacum - Forces under Antonius Primus, the commander of the Danube armies, loyal to Vespasian, defeat the forces of Emperor Vitellius.
		357 - Battle of Strasbourg (357) - Julian expels the Alamanni from the Rhineland
	www.gamesinathens.com /olympics/l/li/list_of_roman_battles.shtml (3173 words)

	-C-
		The battle that took place in early May of 53 B.C., between the forces of the Triumvir Marcus Licinius Crassus (1) and the army of PARTHIA, under the command of General SURENAS, was one of the worst defeats ever inflicted on the Roman legions.
		This new office was called a metropolitan see, and the archbishop occupying that office took control of the consecration of the bishops in his particular province, as well as the institution of their nominations (a practice that ensured each archbishop had suitably loyal and like-minded associates).
		Second, while other cities, like Antioch and Alexandria, were significant in the Roman world, Christians early on recognized the importance of Rome itself.
	scrimicie.smithware.ca /SO_new/Xtras/Roman/c.htm (22355 words)

	List of battles before 601 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Battle of Himera (480 BC) The Carthaginians under Hamilcar are defeated by the Greeks of Sicily, led by Gelo of Syracuse.
		Battle of Lautulae The Romans are defeated by the Samnites.
		Battle of Faesulae The Romans are defeated by the Gauls of Northern Italy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_battles_1400_BC-600_AD (5471 words)

	Battle of Bedriacum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Bedriacum refers to two battles fought during the Year of the four emperors (69) near the village of Bedriacum (now Calvatone), about twenty miles from the town of Cremona in northern Italy.
		It was decided to march on Cremona to give battle, against the advice of Paulinus and other generals, who wished to wait until other legions, known to be on the way, had arrived.
		They encountered the vanguard of the Vitellian army between Bedriacum and Cremona on the 24 October and a battle followed, with Antonius sending back to Bedriacum for the legions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Battle_of_Bedriacum (1317 words)

	69 - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		April 14 - First Battle of Bedriacum: Vitellius defeats Otho's legions, Otho committed suicide.
		April 17 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor.
		October 24 - Second Battle of Bedriacum: Flavians under Antonius Primus defeats Vitellians.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/69 (241 words)

	Cremona
		It was destroyed after the Second Battle of Bedriacum by the troops of the emperor Vespasian fighting against his rival, Vitellius.
		When the Lombards invaded much of Italy in the second half of 6th century, Cremona remained a Byzantine stronghold as part of the Exarchate of Ravenna.
		In the Battle of Parma, however, the Ghibellines suffered a heavy defeat and up to two thousand Cremonese were made prisoners.
	articles.gourt.com /en/Cremona (1691 words)

	Bibliotheca War Zone - War of Succession (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Otho then marched north to meet Vitellus but was defeated at bedriacum.
		In the meantime Antonius Primus joined the legates of Egypt and Syria and nominated Vespasian as emperor.
		Antonius invaded Italy and defeated Vitellus at the second battle of Bedriacum and Vespasian was declred emperor by the senate.
	www.bibliotheca.org.uk /links/war/ad0000/069-succession.html (132 words)

	History of Cremona
		It was destroyed after the Second Battle of Bedriacum by the troops of the emperor Vespasian fighting against his rival, Vitellius.
		When the Lombards invaded much of Italy in the second half of 6th century, Cremona remained a Byzantine stronghold as part of the Exarchate of Ravenna.
		The new comune warred against nearby cities to enlarge its territory and as in many northern Italian cities, the people were divided into two opposing parties, the Guelphs, who were stronger in the new city, and the Ghibellines, who had their base in the old city.
	www.italytravelescape.com /history-of-cremona.htm (625 words)

	Detail Page
		Vitellius, however, the master of the German Legions, started a second civil war, and despite an offer to assist in his campaigns, the Pannonian Legions were left out of the battles.
		Otho was defeated at the first battle of Bedriacum in Cisalpine Gaul, near Verona on April 14, and Vitellius assumed the throne.
		On October 27, the Vitellian forces were crushed at the second battle of Bedriacum.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=ROME1373 (322 words)

	Early Emperors
		Otho was hailed emperor in January AD 69, but the legions of the Rhine preferred their own commander Vitellius, for no better reason than the fact that he was their commander.
		For in the east Vespasian arose in revolt, being hailed emperor in Egypt and Syria.
		The troops along the Danube sided with him and general Antoninus Primus led an army into Italy, defeated Vitellius' forces and the second Battle of Bedriacum (Cremona) and marched on Rome.
	www.roman-empire.net /emperors/emperors.html (4244 words)

	[No title]
		The Third and Seventh took the position nearest the road to Bedriacum; the Eighth and Seventh Claudian assaulted the right-hand side of the rampart; the Thirteenth swept up to the Brixian Gate.[76] A brief delay was caused while some fetched mattocks and pickaxes from the fields, and others hooks and ladders.
		However, their sense of decency and respect for the general restrained them for a while, though such ties are soon broken when troops are disinclined for danger and indifferent to disgrace.[105] Fearing trouble, he sent the Guards forward to Ariminum[106] with the cavalry to secure the rear.
		Antonius and his fellow generals decided to send the cavalry ahead 52 to explore the whole of Umbria, and to see whether any of the Apennines were accessible by a gentler route; to summon the eagles and standards[139] and all the troops at Verona,[140] and to fill the Po and the sea with provision ships.
	gunshowonthenet.com /BOOKS/TacticusVIBookIII.html (21061 words)

	Roman Emperors DIR Vitellius
		A second marriage, to Galeria Fundana, daughter of an ex-praetor, was more stable than the first.
		Yet discontent remained: the troops who had been defeated or betrayed at Bedriacum remained bitter, and detachments of three Moesian legions called upon by Otho were returned to their bases, having agitated against Vitellius at Aquileia.
		By mid-July news had arrived that the legions of Egypt under Tiberius Julius Alexander had sworn allegiance to a rival emperor, Titus Flavius Vespasianus, the governor of Judaea and a successful and popular general.
	www.roman-emperors.org /vitell.htm (1929 words)

	Legio III Gallica Information
		Following Caesar's death, III Gallica was integrated in the army of Mark Antony, a member of the second triumvirate, for his campaigns against the Parthians.
		After the battle of Actium and Antony's suicide, the III Gallica was sent again to the East, where they garrisoned the province of Syria.
		They were instrumental in the final defeat of Vitellius in the second Battle of Bedriacum and in the accession of the Flavians to the throne of Rome.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Legio_III_Gallica (563 words)

	Detail Page
		Thus began the march of the legions of Germania Superior and Inferior to Rome.
		They caused ruin as they advanced but won the first battle of Bedriacum in April, defeating the army of Otho and winning Vitellius the throne.
		With the Flavians on their way to Rome, Vitellius considered abdication but was blocked by his own followers, who besieged Sabinus, Vespasian's brother, on the Capitol, eventually putting him to death.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=ROME1876 (444 words)

	Church in Rome in the First Century \| Christian Classics Ethereal Library
		Indeed, in the course of the second century a distinct line of division between canonical and uncanonical writings began to be drawn, and there seems to have been no hesitation in the Western Church in placing the Epistle to the Hebrews among the uncanonical.
		In the Second Epistle to Timothy we find Paul at Rome in prison awaiting inevitable death in the calm consciousness of having fought the good fight and finished his course.
		The Seer is not describing these battles, but he saw the medley of troops from every nation under heaven actually fighting in the streets of Rome, and the scenes he witnessed still so freshly imprinted in his mind are vividly reflected in the imagery of his vision.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/edmundson/church.ix.html (9186 words)

	Lucius Vitellius: ZoomInfo Business People Information
		At the battlefield of Bedriacum, he is said to have gazed upon the unburied corpses and remarked "Only one thing smells sweeter to me than a dead enemy, and that is a dead fellow-citizen".
		Thus, when the two sides met in the Second Battle of Bedriacum, the Vitellians were badly beaten.
		In his time, Vespasian seized the principate in Oriens; conquered by his soldiers in a battle held under the walls of the city, Vitellius, with his hands bound behind him, was led from the palace to which he had removed himself and was paraded as a show before the mob.
	www.zoominfo.com /people/vitellius_lucius_177043450.aspx (2181 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Xeon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The initial version (Tanner) was no different from its predecessor, save the addition of SSE and a few cache controller enhancements found in the Pentium III.
		The second version (Cascades) was somewhat more controversial, in that while it had a 133 MT/s bus it only had a 256 KiB on-die L2 cache - in other words, there was no difference between it and the desktop Pentium III, the Slot 1 versions of which were also capable of dual-processor operation
		In order to remedy the situation somewhat, Intel released a second version (also called Cascades, but often suffixed to "Cascades 2 MB" to differentiate between it and the 256 KiB version) that came in two variants: with 1 MiB or 2 MiB of L2 cache.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Xeon (1825 words)

	The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Histories (Vol II), by Tacitus, translated by W. Hamilton Fyfe.
		Sextilius Felix was therefore dispatched with Aurius' Horse23 and eight cohorts of auxiliary infantry, together with the native levies of Noricum, to hold the line of the river Aenus,24 which forms the frontier of Raetia and Noricum.
		He hurried forward all the faster towards Alexandria with the object of bringing starvation126 upon Vitellius' defeated troops and the inhabitants of Rome, who were already feeling the pinch of diminished imports.
		In the battle which Pompeius Strabo fought against Cinna at the Janiculum,136 one of his soldiers killed his own brother and then, realizing what he had done, committed suicide.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/6/9/2/16927/16927-h/ii.html (14682 words)

	Fabius Valens Information
		Otho's forces met the combined Vitellian armies at the first Battle of Bedriacum.
		Valens and Caecina won a decisive victory, and Otho committed suicide when he heard the news of his army's defeat.
		By this time Valens had recovered from his illness and was on his way to join the army, but before he could arrive the second Battle of Bedriacum had been fought and the Vitellian forces defeated by Antonius.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Fabius_Valens (503 words)

	Electronic Antiquity v6n1 - Ronald Newbold
		After the first battle of Bedriacum, Otho supposedly seeks a reputation for clemency, but also and more altruistically, hopes that by a swift suicide he can win clemency for his nephew (Hist.
		Defeated at the second battle of Bedriacum, Vitellians found that the clemency they showed to the vanquished after the first battle stood them in good stead, a nice example of the power of pardon to evoke reciprocal behaviour (Hist.
		Victory in battle, plunder of a city, invasion of territory and overthrow of an abusive ruler are forms of revenge for those who have previously suffered a defeat or oppression, or who have taken on a filial duty, such as Octavian pursuing Caesar's assassins.
	scholar.lib.vt.edu /ejournals/ElAnt/V6N1/newbold.html (14712 words)

	Roman Emperors DIR Vitellius
		the First Battle of Bedriacum established his control at Rome; in the space of three months his men had both declared him emperor (January 69) and brought it to pass {April 69).
		The generals who had served Vitellius in his rise to power did not help him now: Valens was ill and Caecina turned traitor.
		the Second Battle of Bedriacum (October 69) and marched to Rome, too late to save Vespasian's brother, Flavius Sabinus, whom a Vitellian faction killed on the Capitoline.
	www.roman-emperors.org /vitell.html (618 words)

	Basileus' Interference Timeline - Alternate History Discussion Board (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Second war between Rome and the Sassanians for Armenia: the Persians win the battle at Barbalissa and plunder Antioch (Syria).
		Magnus Maximus/Macsen Wledig usurps the Roman throne in Gaul and Britain; the Western emperor Gratian is slain in Lyon.
		411 The usurper Costantine is captured in battle at Arles by the Roman general Flavius Constantius, and put to death by the Emperor of the West, Honorius; also the rebellion of Gerontius and Maximus in Spain quickly collapses.
	www.alternatehistory.com /discussion/showthread.php?t=11464 (11045 words)

	Cremona - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Its troops were part of the army that, on May 29, 1176, defeated Barbarossa in the Battle of Legnano.
		In the Battle of Cortenuova, the Cremonese were on the winning side.
		In the Battle of Parma, however, the Ghibellines suffered a heavy defeat and up to two thousand Cremonese were made prisoners.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cremona (1796 words)

	This Day in History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Second Battle of Bedriacum, forces under Antonius Primus, the commander of the Danube armies, loyal to Vespasian, defeat the forces of Emperor Vitellius.
		The Treaty of BrÃ©tigny is ratified at Calais, marking the end of the first phase of the Hundred Years' War.
		Among the dead is Field Marshall Mitrofan Nedelin, whose death is reported to have occurred in a plane crash.
	thelearningcalendar.com /this_day_in_history/index.cfm?target_date=1804-10-24 (733 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2000.03.07
		This volume is the second to be published in an on-going collaborative effort, the Dio Project directed by P.M. Swan, which aims to produce a complete commentary on Dio for "students of history and historiography" (x).
		As further help for historians M. provides, where the remarks of Dio (or his epitomator) are vague or general or erroneous, details gleaned from the parallel tradition.
		A comment on language would, however, have been welcome at 65.13.4-5, on the highly Christian-sounding language of the Vitellian fraternizers at the second battle of Bedriacum.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2000/2000-03-07.html (1493 words)

	Legio I Italica at AllExperts
		Also Gaul broke out in revolt, early in 68, and I Italica was redirected there, just to see the end of the revolt, led by C.
		In the Year of the Four Emperors (69), after the death of Nero, the legion received the name I Italica, and fought for Vitellius at the second Battle of Bedriacum, where the Vitellians were defeated by forces supporting Vespasian.
		The new emperor sent I Italica to the province of Moesia in 70.
	en.allexperts.com /e/l/le/legio_i_italica.htm (460 words)

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