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Topic: Second Boer War

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	Wikinfo \| Boer War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		There were two Boer wars, one in 1880-81 and the second from October 11, 1899-1902 both between the British and the settlers of Dutch origin (called Boere, Afrikaners or Voortrekkers) in South Africa that put an end to the two independent republics that they had founded.
		The Boers dressed in earthtone khaki clothes, whereas the British uniforms were bright red, a stark contrast to the African landscape, which enabled the Boers to easily snipe British troops from a distance.
		The Boers were able to successfully besiege the British garrisons in the towns of Ladysmith, Mafeking (defended by troops headed by Robert Baden-Powell) and Kimberley and inflicted three separate defeats on the British in one week, December 10 to 15, 1899.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Boer_War (545 words)

	ooBdoo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Boer is the Dutch (and Afrikaans) word for farmer which came to denote the descendants of the Afrikaans-speaking pastoralists of the eastern Cape frontier in South Africa as well as those who left the Cape Colony to settle in the Orange Free State, Transvaal and to a lesser extent Natal.
		Nonetheless, the Boer cultural grouping which began among the trekking pastoralists of the eastern Cape frontier to the modern day descendants of the Voortrekkers is a distinct cultural group which was historically and culturally set apart from those White Afrikaans speakers who remained in the Western Cape region.
		Koos de la Rey a Boer general during the Second Boer War and is widely regarded as being one of the greatest military leaders during that conflict.
	www.oobdoo.com /wikipedia/?title=Boers (1177 words)

	The Boers worst enemies; Aussies
		When the Boer War began on October 12, 1899, Australia was still a collection of separate British colonies with a total population of less than 4 million on a land mass nearly as large as the United States.
		Like the colonial-steeped Boers themselves, the Australians were mostly countrymen, used to the bush, to living rough and living off the land when necessary, able to find their way day or night in any kind of country, and familiar with horses and guns from an early age.
		The second phase was the British offensive, during which British and colonial troops, vastly outnumbering the Boers, smashed and dispersed the Boer forces and annexed their two states.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-conflicts-periods/other/boers.htm (4145 words)

	New Zealand and the Boer War
		The war was the culmination of long-standing tensions between Great Britain, the Boer republics of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State.
		In the First Boer War of 1880-81 the Boers of Transvaal rebelled against British rule, and after defeating local British forces in a series of engagements were granted a limited form of independence.
		It was during the second of the new style drives in eastern Orange Free State that the New Zealanders suffered their heaviest losses of the war in a desperate action at Bothasberg.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-conflicts-periods/other/nz-boer-war.htm (1954 words)

	class\work\boerwar
		This war was very different than other wars at it time, because this war was fought by people who were not the "natives" of the area.
		During the war there was a large influx of Boer women and children and Africans that were homeless because of the destruction of their homes, and had no place to go.
		During the course of the war, the British military commanders were faced with a serious problem: how to maintain the safely of the thousands of Boer women and children and Africans that were in British occupied areas of South Africa.
	www.american.edu /TED/ice/boerwar.htm (2790 words)

	Second Boer War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Second Boer War, also known as the South African War (outside of South Africa), the Anglo-Boer War (among some South Africans) and in Afrikaans as the Anglo-Boereoorlog or Tweede Vryheidsoorlog (Second War of Independence), was fought from 11 October 1899 until 31 May 1902.
		The war was fought between the British Empire and the two independent Boer republics of the Orange Free State and the South African Republic (Transvaal Republic).
		War was declared on 11 October 1899 and the Boers struck first by invading Cape Colony and Natal Colony between October 1899 and January 1900.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Boer_War (5056 words)

	The Weapons and Battles of the Second Anglo-Boer War
		Rural as the Boer population was, it is unlikely that every man had access to a rifle of sufficient caliber as to be useful; many, then, would have brought whatever they could lay their hands on.
		In contrast, Boer tactics were focused on possession of position; kopjes which provided a good line-of-sight onto attackers were picked in advance (in the case of defensive engagements), or taken as a matter of priority (in the case of offensive engagements).
		The Boers would never field a force in a conventional battle of the scale that was common in the first year of the war; the Boer commandos had been split to the four winds with little in the way of heavy weapons or supplies, and this limited their effectiveness drastically.
	www.heliograph.com /trmgs/trmgs4/boer.shtml (5147 words)

	Boer War
		After September 1900, when the war had become mainly a guerrilla conflict, Australian troops were deployed in sweeping the countryside and enforcing the British policy of cutting the Boer guerrillas off from the support of their farms and families.
		By mid-1901 the war for the Australians was characterised by long rides, often at night, followed by an attack on a Boer farmhouse or encampment (laager) at dawn.
		The nature of the conditions under which the war was fought can be deduced from the fact that 251 died in action or from wounds sustained in battle, while 267 died from disease.
	www.awm.gov.au /atwar/boer.htm (1395 words)

	Boer War
		The war was devided into two stages: the conventional war with setpiece battles and sieges (1899 to early 1900) and the guerrilla war (early 1900 until 31.
		The Boer plan was to invade Natal from the west, north and east to subdue the garrisons of Dundee (Talana) and Ladysmith.
		Although, on paper, the Boer commandos were no match for the forces of the British Empire, their excellent marksmenship, the long range of the German Mauser rifles, their smokeless ammunition and the typical strong will of the Boers were the key-elements for the tremendous success of their military actions.
	www.instinsky.de /Boer_War/boer_war.html (1693 words)

	The Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Boer War, by Thomas Pakenham, pp 105-123.
		Jameson's Raid: The Prelude to the Boer War.
		Colonel the Comte de Villebois-Mareuil was a distinguished French volunteer in the Boer War.
	www.au.af.mil /au/aul/bibs/boer/boerwr.htm (1781 words)

	A background to the Second Boer War...
		The Dutch settlers or Boers (which means farmers) were amongst the first Europeans to settle in South Africa, ariving with the Dutch East India Company in 1652.
		But in 1852 Britain recognised the two independent Boer republics, the Orange Free State and the Transvaal, the Transvaal was later annexed in 1877, in an attempt to federate South Africa.
		This rebelion or First Boer War was lead by Paul Kruger(later president), and saw the British army defeated at Majuba, and limited independence for the Transvaal republic,after peace talks.
	members.tripod.com /~southafricanwars/background.html (237 words)

	Boer War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Both were between the British Empire and the two independent Boer republics, the Orange Free State and the South African Republic (Transvaal Republic), founded by settlers known as Voortrekkers who made the Great Trek from the Cape Colony and were primarily of Dutch, French and German origin.
		These settlers were often called Boers and were mainly the descendants of generations of Afrikaners who were living in the eastern Cape frontier.
		The war often called simply the "Boer War" is the Second Boer War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Boer_War (146 words)

	Leaders and Battles: Kitchener, Horatio Herbert
		He won acclaim during his second tour in the Sudan and was named aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria, earned a knighthood and Order of the Bath, and was tapped commander in chief of the Egyptian army.
		During the second Boer War, he led British troops in what would be his last field command.
		At the outset of World War I, he was tapped Secretary of State for War and led a massive recruitment campaign that yielded three million enlistments.
	www.lbdb.com /TMDisplayLeader.cfm?PID=5204 (267 words)

	BBC - Radio 4 Empire - Second Boer War and the concentration camps.
		The Second Boer War and the concentration camps, Episode 71 - 22/05/06
		The second Anglo-Boer War (1889-1902) was almost inevitable after the Afrikaners, discovered gold at Witwatersrand in the Transvaal, a territory the British had given them after the first Boer War (1880-81).
		When Mafeking was relieved and the war turned the British way, Salisbury was able to go the country in October 1900 and win another term of government for the Conservatives - they called it the Khaki Election.
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/history/empire/episodes/episode_71.shtml (1119 words)

	Boer War Pages Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Boer War, otherwise known as the South African War or the (Second) Anglo-Boer War started at midnight on the night of Wednesday-Thursday October 11th-12th, 1899.
		The first hostile act of the war was actually deep inside Botswana, when Boers sabotaged the Cape-Rhodesia telegraph line somewhere near Mahalapye in the early hours of Thursday October 12th.
		On Friday the 13th the war began in earnest with a Boer attack on a British armoured train at Kraaipan south of Mafikeng.
	www.thuto.org /ubh/afhist/saw/saw0.htm (193 words)

	The Boer War (South Africa, 1899-1902) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The British criss-cross the countryside with blockhouses to flush the Boers into the open; they burn farms and confiscate foodstuffs to prevent them falling into Boer hands; they pack off Boer women and children to concentration camps as 'collaborators'; they literally starve the commandos into submission.
		The Boers were a fast and highly mobile guerilla force, using the new smokeless cartridges in their German Mauser rifles which greatly concealed their positions; and they employed hit-and-run tactics that not only caused losses the British couldn't afford, but thoroughly frustrated the Empire's view of a 'fair fight'.
		A history of the Boer War with special emphasis on debunking the myth of the 'white's man fight' and focusing also on the concentration camps.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/8141/boerwar.html (2990 words)

	Boer War Art prints (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		During the Second Boer War, a Boer Force led by General Koch, were attacked by a British force under General French, consisting of three battalions of Infantry and 5 squadrons of Cavalry.
		The Boer War was brutal, racially explosive, and it took the greatest empire in the world nearly three years to beat a Boer army smaller than the population of Brighton.
		The Boer War catapulted the world into the twentieth century, prefigring the worst excesses of modern conflicts: the indiscriminate bombing of civilians, scorched earth, rape, concentration camps.
	www.war-art.com /lucknow.htm (2452 words)

	The Second Boer War - History
		The Boer republics were small states, composed of Dutch settlers that had lived in the south most part of Africa for generations.
		After the main armies were defeated the Boers resorted to guerilla warfare and, despite the 250,000 British troops, this made it very hard for the British to maintain control.
		However, the Boers were given 3 million pounds for reconstruction and promised independence, which they were given in 1910, as they became united as South Africa.
	www.history6.com /the-second-boer-war (375 words)

	The Boer War
		The Boer Wars was the name given to the South African Wars of 1880-1 and 1899-1902, that were fought between the British and the descendants of the Dutch settlers (Boers) in Africa.
		After the first Boer War William Gladstone granted the Boers self-government in the Transvaal.
		Although the Boers only had 88,000 soldiers, led by the outstanding soldiers such as Louis Botha, and Jan Smuts, the Boers were able to successfully besiege the British garrisons at Ladysmith, Mafeking and Kimberley.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /WARboer.htm (704 words)

	The Artillery
		[7] Not only this but the Boers had a weapon which the Ordnance Department had rejected as an unnecessary refinement in 1898, at that was the Krupp “Pom-Pom”, a weapon that the British soldier came to dread on the battlefields of South Africa.
		This, of course, was just what the Boers had intended, and once the foot soldiers where trapped inside the bottleneck of Colenso they opened such a devastating fire that within a matter of minutes Long was wounded and most of his command either suffered the same fate as their chief or were dead.
		Colonel C.E. Callwell, in his book, ‘Small Wars, Their Principles and Practice’, although admitting that the Boer was an exceptional case, still maintained that, ‘the proper place for the guns is a little to the rear of the infantry firing line, whenever plunging fire is not required.
	www.battlefieldanomalies.com /2boerwar/04_artillery.htm (1197 words)

	Anglo-Boer War books - Part 1
		Since the start of the (second) Anglo-Boer War centenary last October there has been a plethora of books published on the subject.
		This book does not set out to detail the political background to the war or discuss it's role in the decline of imperialism and the British Empire.
		What it does provide is an excellent overview of the war using first-hand accounts from both sides - revealing the often confusing and conflicting nature of primary sources.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/wargaming/45893 (406 words)

	Anglo Boer War Museum
		as a whole became embroiled in the war either directly or indirectly.
		The War Museum in Bloemfontein does not only give the visitor insight into the Boer War through it`s unique art collection, dioramas and exhibits but also brings the visitor closer to understanding the background against which the war took place.
		The course and development of the war unfolds in front of the visitor as you progress through the museum.
	www.anglo-boer.co.za (118 words)

	BBC - Radio 4 - This Sceptred Isle - The Boer War Turns the Century (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Krugger and the Boers felt their way of life was threatened by the British and war broke out in 1898.
		The Boers laid siege to Ladysmith, Mafeking and Kimberley.
		When Victoria came to the throne the population was 27 million when she died it was 41 million.
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/sceptred_isle/page/169.shtml?question=169 (399 words)

	TheHistoryNet \| Military History \| Second Boer War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Then Roberts himself moved with massive force across the Moddertaking with him 30,000 infantry, 7,500 cavalry, 3,600 mounted infantry and 120 guns, and a transport unit of 4,000 drivers, 11,000 mules and 9,600 oxen.
		A sweeping and compelling look at the war's military, political and social history.
		World War II Magazine presents a special collector's edition on Iwo Jima.
	www.historynet.com /magazines/military_history/3037496.html (1149 words)

	Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902
		List of Soldiers Shipped to South Africa During the Anglo-Boer War (London Times Shipping List for July 1899 to Dec 1902 + Cape Times Weekly Edition Shipping List for January 1899 to December 1902), transcribed by Ken Hallock [another copy - Kevin Asplin site]
		Muster Rolls of Angus, Scotland, South African War 1899-1900 by J. Salmond (Brodie & Salmond, 1900; transcribed by Arlene's Lists)
		Database of All New Zealanders Who Served in South African War.
	www.regiments.org /wars/19thcent/99za-abw.htm (743 words)

	Second Boer War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 kupl2.ittc.ku.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		4 Third phase: Guerrilla war (September 1900-May 1902)
		[edit] Third phase: Guerrilla war (September 1900-May 1902)
		This page was last modified 12:36, 15 November 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Second_Boer_War (5059 words)

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