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	Second Council of Nicaea - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Second Council of Nicaea was the seventh ecumenical council of Christianity; it met in 787 AD in Nicaea (site of the First Council of Nicaea) to restore the honoring of icons (or, holy images), which had been suppressed by imperial edict inside the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Leo III (717 - 741).
		In 786, the council met in the Church of the Apostles in Constantinople.
		Careful maintenance of the ordinances of the earlier councils, knowledge of the scriptures on the part of the clergy, and care for Christian conduct are required, and the desire for a renewal of ecclesiastical life is awakened.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Council_of_Nicaea (562 words)

	Second Council of Nicaea: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Second Council of Nicaea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Second Council of Nicaea was the seventh ecumenical council; it met in Nicaea in A.D. to restore the honoring of icons or holy images, which had been suppressed by imperial edict inside the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Leo III (717-741).
		However, as a council claiming to be ecumenical had abolished the veneration of icons, another ecumenical council was necessary for its restoration.
		The papal legates voiced their approval of the restoration of the veneration of icons in no uncertain terms, and the patriarch sent a full account of the proceedings of the council to Hadrian, who caused the same to be translated, which translation Anastasius later replaced with a better one.
	www.encyclopedian.com /se/Seventh-Ecumenical-Council.html (544 words)

	First Council of Nicaea - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The purpose of the council (also called a synod) was to resolve disagreements in the church of Alexandria over the nature of the Trinity: in particular whether Jesus was of the same or of similar substance as God the Father.
		The first Council of Nicaea was the first general gathering of bishops from the whole Church, to resolve differences of faith that had arisen and to define clearly the faith received from the apostles.
		The council was formally opened May 20, in the central structure of the imperial palace, with preliminary discussions on the Arian question.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea (2377 words)

	Council of Nicaea, Nicea (325)
		The council was also important for its disciplinary decisions concerning the status and jurisdiction of the clergy in the early church and for establishing the date on which Easter is celebrated.
		The Second Council of Nicaea, the seventh ecumenical council of the Christian church, was convoked by the Byzantine empress Irene in 787 to rule on the use of saints' images and icons in religious devotion.
		The main purpose of the council was to attempt to heal the schism in the church provoked by Arianism.
	www.thenazareneway.com /council_of_nicaea_nicea_325.htm (1337 words)

	Roman Catholic Listing of Ecumenical Councils
		Council of Ephesus (#3) June 22 to July 17, 431 AD The Council of Ephesus was significant for its dogmatic decrees on the position of the Virgin Mary in the celestial hierarchy and on the nature of the incarnation of Jesus Christ.
		Second Council at Constantinople (#5) May 5 to June 2, 553 AD Constantinople II was convoked to condemn the Nestorian writings called the "Three Chapters." Under the virtual tutelage of the emperor, the council proscribed Nestorianism and reconfirmed the doctrine that Christ's two natures, one human and one divine, are perfectly united in one person.
		Second Council of Nicaea (#7) 787 AD This Council ruled on the use of saints' images and icons in religious devotion, declaring that whereas the veneration of images was legitimate and the intercession of saints efficacious, the veneration of icons must be carefully distinguished from the worship due God alone.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txs/councils.htm (3947 words)

	During time of Adrian I Nicaea-2
		The aim was to unite the church and to condemn the decrees passed by the council of 338 bishops held at Hiereia and St Mary of Blachernae in 754.
		The convocation of the council was announced to Pope Hadrian I (772-795) in a letter of Constantine VI and Irene, dated 29 August 784.
		The council, which was summoned by an imperial edict in the summer of 786, met for the first time on 1 August 786, in the presence of Emperor Constantine and Empress Irene.
	www.ewtn.com /library/COUNCILS/NICAEA2.HTM (4128 words)

	First Council of Nicaea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The First Council of Nicaea, which took place during the reign of the emperor Constantine in 325, was the first ecumenical (from Greek oikumene, "worldwide") conference of bishops of the Christian church.
		The first Council of Nicaea was the first church-wide attempt to resolve the great doctrinal controversies of the Church which arose in the fourth and fifth centuries.
		Accordingly for the summer of 325 the bishops of all provinces were summoned to the first ecumenical council at Nicaea in Bithynia, a place easily accessible to the majority of the bishops, especially those of Asia, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Greece, and Thrace.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/first_council_of_nicaea (1903 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Second Council of Nicaea
		Seventh Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church, held in 787.
		Afterwards the dogmatic decree was presented, and was signed by all the members present, by the archimandrites of the monasteries, and by some monks; the papal legates added a declaration to the effect that they were ready to receive all who had abandoned the Iconoclastic heresy.
		The last (eighth) was held in the Magnaura Palace, at Constantinople, in presence of the empress and her son, on 23 October.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11045a.htm (1360 words)

	An Overview of Eastern Orthodoxy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The primary areas of difference were the issues of papal authority and the Filoque clause in the creed of the Second Council of Nicaea which asserted that the Holy Spirit proceeded from the Son as well as from the Father.
		Unfortunately, solidarity between the Western church and the Eastern church did not last, and the Second Council of Nicaea, held in 787, was the last council attended by members of the Eastern Orthodox church.
		When the Latin church adapted the creed established at the second Council of Nicaea by adding the Filoque clause, the Eastern Orthodox church took a stand against both the content of the clause as well as the liberty taken with an established doctrine of the church.
	www.leaderu.com /isot/docs/orthdox3.html (3050 words)

	Flyfree Ministries Outreach (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The first general council called (while not the very first council) was the council of Nicaea in 325 AD.
		Councils are generally called when a doctrine of the faith is called into question, in order to settle the matter.
		The second of the nine choirs of angels.
	www.flyfreeministries.org /Outreach-education.htm (2507 words)

	325 Council of Nicaea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Hence Nicaea in Bithynia was finally selected; it was close to the sea making it easier for more bishops to attend, he had there a large palace compound, both to house the bishops and with a great hall in which they could assemble, and he could keep an eye on them from nearby Nicomedia.
		Primarily a council's purpose, at least a dogmatic council, is to proclaim with unmistakable clarity a doctrine already a part of the teaching of the Church.
		The Council's purpose was to bring order to the Church in Alexandia, but in so doing they gave evidence to something which was developing in the Church, namely, listing the metropolitan centers of Christianity and putting them in order of their importance.
	www.hist.edu /325nice.html (1808 words)

	The first council of Nicaea (325 a.d.)
		The First Council of Nicaea was the first of two ecumenical councils of the early Christian church, held at Nicaea (now Iznik, Turkey), in Asia Minor.
		The council was held at Nicaea because Constantine had moved the seat of civil government from Rome to Byzantium, which he renamed Constantinople.
		But the main purpose and effect of the First Council of Nicaea was to establish unity of doctrine in the early Christian church and to heal the schism caused by the Arian heresy.
	ks.essortment.com /firstcouncilof_rgbz.htm (903 words)

	Circle of Prayer - The Church in Crisis - A History of the General Councils 325 to 1870 - Chapter 7
		It was after this act of submissive faith that the council, in its fourth and fifth sessions (October 1 and 4), went into the theological case for the practice of venerating images and praying to the saints.
		In this Charlemagne reviews the history of the two councils, of 753 and 787, and he condemns both, criticising in detail, and with biting sarcasm, the evidence for the lawfulness of image-veneration officially set forth by the council of 787, a council convoked and animated by a woman, over which a woman had presided.
		It was to a council whose task was to settle this Spanish affair that Adrian agreed to send legates, and a dogmatic letter stating the true belief on the point at issue.
	www.circleofprayer.com /church-crisis8.html (6746 words)

	To Tell You The Whole Truth - The Church: The 21 Ecumenical (General) Councils of the Church
		It declared the authority of the Pope to be superior to that of a General Council.
		Declared that the teachings of the Council of Pisa were invalid since it did not have the Pope's approval.
		This Council declared the infallibility of the Pope, and reaffirmed the teachings of the Church.
	www.scborromeo.org /truth/c2.htm (545 words)

	Pope John Paul II 4 December 1987 1200th Anniversary of 2nd Council of Nicea
		Nicaea II solemnly affirmed the existence of "written and unwritten ecclesiastical tradition,"(17) as the normative reference for the faith and discipline of the Church.
		The Fathers of Nicaea II understood "ecclesiastical tradition" as that of the six previous ecumenical Councils and that of the orthodox Fathers whose teaching was commonly accepted in the Church.
		The Council of Nicaea II which aptly quotes Saint Basil on the question of the theology of images (24) also invokes the authority of the great orthodox doctors such as Saint John Chrysostom, Saint Gregory of Nyssa, Saint Cyril of Alexandria and Saint Gregory Nazianzen.
	www.ewtn.com /library/PAPALDOC/JP2DUODE.HTM (2256 words)

	The Council of Nicaea 325 AD WAS a Catholic Council
		Sometimes the absurd claim is made that the church of Nicaea in 325 was not the Catholic Church.
		Regarding Pope Sylvester’s (314-335) not leaving Rome ot attend the Council of Nicaea, it should eb brne in mind that the Pope likewise did not attend the Council of Arles (314), thinking it improper for him to leave Rome.
		Nicaea (325) was certainly a Catholic Council and has been cited as the first council since the apostles by every Church historian, even the schismatics and the heretics.
	www.angelfire.com /ms/seanie/nicaea.html (823 words)

	Council of Nicaea, Nicea
		A second point to note is that the State, on the whole, sided with the innovators, and was hostile to the defenders of the traditional truth.
		The Fathers of the Council at Nice were at one time ready to accede to the request of some of the bishops and use only scriptural expressions in their definitions.
		When the council of Chalcedon met, one of the matters which came before it for settlement was the dispute as to priority between Juvenal and Maximus Bishop of Antioch.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txc/nicaea.htm (18159 words)

	Iconoclasm - OrthodoxWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		An iconophile, she initiated the Second Council of Nicaea in 787, where the veneration of icons was affirmed, although the worship of icons was expressly forbidden.
		Among the reasons were the doctrine of the Incarnation: because God the Son (Jesus Christ) took on flesh, having a physical appearance, it is now possible to use physical matter to depict God the Son, and to depict the saints.
		Emperor Leo V (reigned 813–820) instituted a second period of Iconoclasm in 813, which seems to have been less rigorously enforced, since there were fewer martyrdoms and public destructions of icons.
	orthodoxwiki.org /Iconoclasm (497 words)

	Nicaea II allows icons of Christ to be venerated. - Below Top Secret General Discussion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Nicaea II allows icons of Christ to be venerated.
		He has made the features of his human body his own, to the point that they can be venerated when portrayed in a holy image, for the believer "who venerates the icon is venerating in it the person of the one depicted" (Council of Nicaea II).
		Hence, the second council of Nicaea specifically allows icons of Christ to be venerated.
	www.belowtopsecret.com /viewthread.php?tid=36557 (399 words)

	Second Council Of Nicaea Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
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	www.variedtastes.com /encyclopedia/Second_Council_of_Nicaea (754 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: The Second Council of Nicea, 787 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Excursus On the Reception of the Seventh Council.
		The test of the ecumenicity of a council is not its acceptance by a subsequent synod, but its acceptance by the whole Church, and this Dr. Neale frankly confesses is the case with regard to II.
		The new patriarch Constantinus, presented by the emperor to the council the last day of its session, was forced to foreswear images, to attend banquets, to eat and drink freely against his monastic vows, to wear garlands, to witness the coarse spectacles and hear the coarse language which entertained the Emperor.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/basis/nicea2.html (13964 words)

	The Council of Nicaea and the Bible
		Some people seem to think that the council, which was the first council of all the Bishops of the Christian Church, either invented the New Testament, or edited it to remove references to reincarnation (or whatever) or burned large numbers of heretical works, or whatever.
		After the council, Constantine ordered the burning of the works of Arius and his sympathisers, and the exile of himself and his supporters, and followed this later in his reign by action against Christian schismatics and gnostic heretics.
		This council condemned the propositions known as Origenism, and with them the pagan idea of the transmigration of souls (not reincarnation), which some writers had picked up as a technical idea from Greek philosophy without realising all the implications.
	www.tertullian.org /rpearse/nicaea.html (4721 words)

	Creeds of Christendom Volume I (v.i) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Council of Chalcedon, A.D. 451; called by Emperor Marcian and Pope Leo I. The second Council of Constantinople, A.D. 553; called by Justinian I. The third Council of Constantinople, A.D. 680; called by Constantine Pogonatus.
		The first four Councils are by far the most important, as they settled the orthodox faith on the Trinity and the Incarnation.
		She looks forward to an eighth œcumenical Council, which is to settle all the controversies of Christendom subsequent to the great schism between the East and the West.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/creeds1.v.i.html (815 words)

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