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Topic: Second Polish Republic

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	Polish-Soviet War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Polish politics was under the strong influence of the statesman Józef Piłsudski and his vision of the "Federation of Międzymorze", a Polish-led confederation comprising Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine and other Central and East European countries now emerging out of the crumbling empires after the First World War.
		Polish negotiators made progress in negotiations with the Latvian Provisional Government, and in early 1920 Polish and Latvian forces were conducting some joint operations against the Bolsheviks.
		Polish military thrust soon met with Red Army counterattack Polish forces in that area, preparing for offensive towards Żłobin, manged to push back the Soviet forces back, but were unable to start their own planned offensive.
	www.leessummit.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Polish-Soviet_War (6298 words)

	Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Republic of Poland is a country located in Central Europe, between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania and Russia (in the form of the Kaliningrad Oblast exclave) to the north.
		A Polish state existed 1,000 years ago, and in the 16th century under the Jagiellonian dynasty Poland was one of the richest and most powerful countries in Europe.
		The Polish landscape consists almost entirely of the lowlands of the North European Plain, at an average height of 173 metres, though the Sudetes (including the Karkonosze) and the Carpathian Mountains (including the Tatra mountains, where one also finds Poland's highest point, Rysy, at 2,499 m.) form the southern border.
	www.lexington-fayette.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Poland (2404 words)

	Poland Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Polish state was formed over 1,000 years ago under the Piast dynasty, and reached its Golden Age near the end of the 16th century under the Jagiellonian dynasty, when Poland was one of the richest and most powerful countries in Europe.
		The current Third Polish Republic was established, followed a few years later by the drafting of a new constitution in 1997.
		The Polish nation began to form into a recognizable unitary and territorial entity around the middle of the 10th century under the Piast dynasty (Mieszko I).
	popularityguide.com /encyclopedia/Poland (2901 words)

	Intermarium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Polish Landed Gentry in the North-east Borderland of the Republic of Poland under the Soviet Occupation 1939-1941 -- A Study of the Extermination of a Former Political Nation.
		The citizens of the Second Polish Republic were not subject to the law of the already non-existent Polish state.
		The second period, since summer 1940 until June 1941, is distinguished in a natural way as the consequence of the new balance of power after the fall of France and the failure of creating the "Polish" army.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/sipa/REGIONAL/ECE/jasiewicz.html (2427 words)

	Poland - Interwar Poland
		Pilsudski's first task was to reunite the Polish regions that had assumed various economic and political identities since the partition in the late eighteenth century, and especially since the advent of political parties.
		Despite its defects, the Second Republic retained a strong hold on later generations of Poles as a genuinely independent and authentic expression of Polish national aspirations.
		The Polish predicament worsened in the 1930s with the advent of Hitler's openly expansionist Nazi regime in Germany and the obvious waning of France's resolve to defend its East European allies.
	countrystudies.us /poland/14.htm (985 words)

	POLISH-SOVIET WAR FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Polish politics were under the strong influence of the statesman JÃ³zef_PiÅsudski and his vision of a Polish-led "MiÄdzymorze Federation" comprising Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine and other Central and East_European countries now emerging out of the crumbling empires after the First World War.
		Polish forces in the area, preparing for an offensive towards Å»Åobin, managed to push the Soviets back, but were unable to start their own planned offensive.
		The Polish cryptologists and commanders were thus regularly able to look over the shoulders of the Soviet commanders, including Mikhail_Tukhachevski, and their superior, Leon_Trotsky.Poland's cryptological achievements in the Polish-Soviet War were a prelude to the spectacular achievements of her General Staff's Cipher Bureau (Biuro_SzyfrÃ³w), from December 1932, in decrypting German Enigma_machine ciphers.
	www.gottogetflowers.com /Polish-Soviet_War (6017 words)

	Articles - History of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Polish state was born in 966 with the baptism of Mieszko I, duke of the Slavic tribe of Polans and founder of the Piast dynasty.
		Polish independence ended in a series of partitions (1772, 1793 and 1795) undertaken by Russia, Prussia and Austria, with Russia gaining most of the Commonwealth's territory including nearly all of the former Lithuania (except Podlasie and lands West from Niemen river), Volhynia and Ukraine.
		Polish nationalists were to remain among the staunchest allies of the French as the tide of war turned against them, inaugurating a relationship that continued into the twentieth century.
	www.lastring.com /articles/History_of_Poland?mySession=ab45c494309eef99f8a998762a19b261 (2635 words)

	Poznan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		First Polish monarchs of the Piast dynasty Mieszko I, Boleslaus I the Brave and Mieszko II Lambert were buried in Poznań; cathedral.
		With the second partition of Poland 1793 Poznań; fell to Prussia and was made the capital of the province of South Prussia.
		The Polish and Jewish population was replaced by the ethnic Germans resettled from Baltic States, Eastern Europe and core Germany.
	www.theezine.net /p/poznan.html (2075 words)

	Second Polish Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Second Polish Republic is an unofficial name applied to the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II.
		Centers of government that were created in Galicia (formerly Austrian-ruled southern Poland) included a National Council of the (created on November 19) and a (created on October 28).
		Polish September Campaign - the beginning of the Second World War and end of the Second Polish Republic.
	www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Second_Republic_of_Poland (560 words)

	Second Polish Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The same day, a Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland was created under the Socialist, Ignacy Daszynski.
		Polish soldiers displaying captured Soviet battle flags after the Battle of Warsaw.
		Centers of government that were created in Galicia (formerly Austrian-ruled southern Poland) included a National Council of the Principality of Cieszyn (created on November 19) and a Polish Liquidation Committee (created on October 28).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Polish_Republic (635 words)

	Polish-Soviet War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		After 123 years' of Poland's rule by her three imperial neighbors, the Second Polish Republic was proclaimed and the reborn country proceeded to carve out its borders from the territories of her former partitioners, Russia, Germany and Austro-Hungary/.
		Polish politics was under the strong influence of the statesman Józef PilsudskiJózef Piłsudski, who envisioned a federation (the "Federation of MiedzymorzeMiędzymorze"), a Polish-led confederation comprising Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine and other Central EuropeCentral and East European countries now emerging out of the crumbling empires after the First World War.
		Sporadic battles erupted between Polish forces and the Red Army, but the latter was preoccupied with the civil warRussian Civil War and White movementWhite Russian conterrevolutionary forces and were slowly but steadily retreating on the entire western frontline, from Latvia/ in the north to the Ukraine in the south.
	www.infothis.com /find/Polish-Soviet_War (5910 words)

	Kresy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Polish inhabitants of this region, known in Polish as ''Kresowiacy'', constituted approximately 40% of the population and had their distinct culture with accent and customs influenced by the presence of ethnic minorities.
		As a consequence of the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact, on September 17, 1939 the Soviet Union occupied Kresy and Bialystok VoivodshipBiałystok Voivodship, and a significant part of the Polish population Polish minority in the Soviet Union#1939-1947was deported to the Soviet Union/.
		After the Second World War the ''Kresy'' territory was officially ceded to the Soviet Union (Ukrainian SSRUkrainian, Byelorussian SSRByelorussian and Lithuanian SSRLithuanian Socialist Soviet Republics) and most of the Polish population was Population transfertransferred to Poland's Recovered Territories/.
	www.infothis.com /find/Kresy (355 words)

	Senate of Poland Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		democratic country with a population of 38,626,349 and area of 312,685 km², is located in Central Europe, between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania and Russia (in the form of the Kaliningrad Oblast exclave) to the north.
		A Polish Golden Agegolden age occurred in the 16th century during its union (Lublin Union) with Lithuania in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
		The Second Polish Republic lasted until the start of World War II when Germany and the Soviet Union Polish September Campaigninvaded and split the Polish territory between them from (September 28 1939).
	www.echostatic.com /Senate_of_Poland.html (2392 words)

	Sejm World Encyclopedia, India encyclopedia, Featured Articles, Cover Stories, World wide Informations @ ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Since the Second Polish Republic (1918-1939), the term "Sejm" has referred only to the lower house of the parliament; the upper house is called the "Senat".
		The General Sejm (Polish Sejm Generalny or Sejm Walny), first convoked by the king John I Olbracht in 1493 near PiotrkÃ³w, evolved from earlier regional and provincial meetings (sejmiks, especially from sejmik generaly), which arose from the 1454 statute of Nieszawa, granted to the szlachta by King Casimir IV the Jagiellonian.
		From the end of the 16th century, the constitutions they signed were printed, stamped with the royal seal and bearing the signatures of the Sejm speaker and the chancellor sent to the chancelleries of the municipal councils of all voivodships of the Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
	www.mirchigold.com /index.php?title=Sejm (1711 words)

	Vaal Triangle Info Encylopedia - Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Queen Władysław Jagielo's son repaired the Polish economy, he built new castles and won the war against the Russian dukedom (Lwow become a Polish City).
		Napoleon recreated a Polish state, the Duchy of Warsaw, but after the Napoleonic wars, Poland was split again by the Allies at the Congress of Vienna.
		Polish minority is still present in neighbouring countries of Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania.The biggest diaspora of Poles however lives in USA.
	www.vaaltriangleinfo.co.za /wiki/index.php?title=Poland (2871 words)

	Second Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There have been several Second Republics in the course of history.
		Second Republic of South Korea (1960 and 1961)
		This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Republic (84 words)

	Polish Art Center - Polish History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		She describes a tragic situation where Polish soldiers were trapped between the unrealistic plans of their government and the harsh realities of a war that they fought for Britain with no prospect of a satisfactory outcome for them or their country.
		The Polish born author lives in Canada and in 1994 as a member of the Polish Combatants Association was involved in preparing a photographic exhibition of the involvement of Polish soldiers in the Second World War.
		In this context the Polish fliers had to successfully fight for their existence; from the chaotic beginnings in the aftermath of World War I, against political parsimony and flawed planning during the 1930's, and then literally for their lives against the Nazi and Soviet juggernauts of September of 1939.
	polartcenter.com /cgi-bin/shop.pl/SID=1099880632.21933/page=history.htm (9645 words)

	Masovia - TheBestLinks.com - Second Polish Republic, Mieszko I, Mieszko II, Poland, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Masovia, Second Polish Republic, Mieszko I, Mieszko II, Poland, Polish language...
		Masovia (Polish: Mazowsze) is a geographical and historical region situated in central Poland with its capital in Warsaw.
		Some parts of Masovia were not incorporated into the Polish kingdom united in 14th century until death of the last regional duke in 1526.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Masovia.html (277 words)

	The Polish Museum of America - Giftshop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Polish poseres are well known around the world.
		Less known, but as distinctive are the posters which emerged dring the Second Polish Republic (1918-1945).
		In preparation for the exhibit on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of 1939 New York Worls's Fair and the collection from the Polish pavilion, the PMA restored and exhibited its Art Deco posters.
	pma.prcua.org /specialofferEN.html (211 words)

	Minsk - TheBestLinks.com - Belarus, Chernobyl, Germany, Second Polish Republic, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1919 and in 1920 the city was controlled by the Second Polish Republic in course of the Polish-bolshevik war.
		Later it was handed over to Soviet Russia under the terms of the Peace of Riga and became the capital of Byelorussian SSR, one of the constitutent republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
		The Minsk area became a centre for the Soviet partisan movement behind enemy lines during the Great Patriotic War, and therefore Minsk was awarded the title Hero City in 1974.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Minsk.html (422 words)

	Humbul full record view for -- Eastern borderlands of the second Polish republic
		The Web Site "Eastern Borderlands of the Second Polish Republic" is of use to those seeking further information about the area known as "Kresy", which made up pre-Second World War eastern Poland.
		This is a good basic site for those in the fields of Polish or Slavonic Studies or History.
		The Humbul Humanities Hub is a service of the Resource Discovery Network funded by the Joint Information Systems Committee, the Arts and Humanities Research Council, and is hosted by the University of Oxford.
	www.humbul.ac.uk /output/full2.php?id=10460 (215 words)

	Warsaw Voice - Irregular Publications
		The first volume of the unusual album Jewish Irregular Publications in the Second Polish Republic in the Collections of the National Library is enjoying great interest.
		The 300 pages contain appeals, circulars, announcements and other publications issued by Jewish organizations and associations in Yiddish, Polish and Hebrew.
		Each bibliographical note has a summary in Polish and English.
	www.warsawvoice.pl /view/6607 (107 words)

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