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Topic: Second Reich


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In the News (Wed 25 Nov 09)

  
  Reich - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Although the term "Third Reich" is in common use, the terms "First Reich" and "Second Reich" for the earlier periods are seldom found outside Nazi propaganda.
Since 1945, the word Reich has not been used in contemporary references, though it is still found in the name of the Reichstag building, which since 1999 houses the German federal parliament (Bundestag).
Reich has an extensive etymology: it comes from a Germanic word for "king", which was borrowed from Celtic.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Reich   (754 words)

  
 German Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sometimes in English, but rarely in German, the name Second Reich is used, based on counting the Holy Roman Empire as the first German empire and Nazi Germany as the third.
Numbering of the Reichs began in 1923 by Arthur Moeller van Den Bruck (he longed for a third, which he idealized) and was briefly taken up by Nazi propaganda.
It should be noted that Deutsches Reich was the state's official name both in this period and until the occupation of Nazi Germany in 1945 that ended World War II in Europe; thus the next two articles of the History of Germany series also cover the official Deutsches Reich.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Reich   (3217 words)

  
 Shirley Pendlebury - Utopia Flawed? A Response to Reich on Rorty
Reich sets out on a dual mission: to show that some deep flaws in Rorty's educational views put his utopian vision at risk and to suggest what options are open to Rorty if he wishes to save his liberal utopia.
Reich worries about the inequities involved in restricting the individuating functions of education to institutions of higher learning and thus excluding all those without the means to gain entry into the academy.
Reich's second charge - that fostering a community of self-liberating liberal ironists may cause grave conflict among citizens - arises from his concern that the very possibility for solidarity is undermined by the flourishing of irony, unless we can ensure that citizens are liberals as well as ironists.
www.ed.uiuc.edu /EPS/PES-Yearbook/96_docs/pendlebury.html   (1730 words)

  
 Reich, Wilhelm on Encyclopedia.com   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
According to Reich's theories the universe is permeated by a primal, mass-free phenomenon that he called orgone energy; in the human organism the lack of repeated total discharge of this energy through natural sexual release is considered the genesis not only of all individual neurosis but also of irrational social movements and collective neurotic disorder.
Reich invented the orgone box, a device that he claimed would restore energy but that was declared a fraud by the Food and Drug Administration.
From Republic to Reich: Adolf Hitler's Nazi regime exploited a terrorist assault on the Reichstag Building to carry out a pre-positioned strategy to convert the Weimar Republic into a police state.
www.encyclopedia.com /html/r/reich-w1i.asp   (471 words)

  
 German Empire -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
Sometimes in English (but rarely in German) the name Second Reich is used, based on counting the (The lands ruled by Charlemagne; a continuation of the Roman Empire in Europe) Holy Roman Empire as the first German empire (and, as Nazi ideology insisted, (The Nazi dictatorship under Hitler (1933-1945)) Nazi Germany as the third).
Numbering of the Reichs began in 1923 by (Click link for more info and facts about Arthur Moeller van Den Bruck) Arthur Moeller van Den Bruck (he longed for a third, which he idealized) and was taken up by the Nazis.
The armed forces, inculcated in the militarism of the Prussian Junkers – the glorification of war, and supreme and unquestioning loyalty to the state, leader, and hierarchy – remained passionately loyal to the (A German noble family that ruled Brandenburg and Prussia) Hohenzollern dynasty.
www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/ge/german_empire.htm   (2800 words)

  
 Germany - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
The first Reich – known for much of its existence as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation – stemmed from a division of the Carolingian Empire in 843.
It was thus unable to resist the stroke of the Napoleonic Wars, during which the Reich was overrun and dissolved (1806).
As of 2004, Germany was also the world's largest exporter for the second year in a row, despite the skyrocketing strength of the euro.
encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /germany.htm   (3517 words)

  
 Articles - Second Empire   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
Second Empire is an architectural style popular during the Victorian era, reaching its zenith between 1865 and 1880, and so named for the “French” elements in vogue during the era of the Second French Empire.
Prior to the construction of The Pentagon in the 1940s, the Second Empire-styled Ohio State Asylum for the Insane in Columbus, Ohio was documented as the largest building under one roof in America, proving the style's adaptability.
Second Empire was succeeded by the Queen Anne Style era, and its sub-styles, which enjoyed great popularity until the rise of the “Revival Era” in American architecture just before the end of the 19th century.
lastring.com /articles/Second_Empire?mySession=4132653deb0730fe55392...   (400 words)

  
 Steve Reich - Reinventing Classical Music, Classical Notes, Peter Gutmann
Reich had always been attracted to percussion and had played drums in bands throughout high school and college (where he studied philosophy, not music).
In his piece, Reich didn't try to imitate the actual sound of the gamelan (and indeed scorned rock musicians using sitars for superficial exotic texture); rather, he sought to emulate its overall feel and attitude.
Tracing his ancestry to the priestly tribe of Levites, Reich felt it was especially fitting for him to fulfill their historical role of singing the holy texts.
www.classicalnotes.net /columns/reich.html   (3793 words)

  
 The German Reichs   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
The Second Reich was proclaimed in Versailles on January 18th, 1871, after the French defeat.
This was due to the efforts of Otto von Bismarck, Germany's most prominent statesman of the 19th century, known for an anti-Catholic "Kulturkampf" (culture-struggle) and for fighting Socialists with social reforms.
The Second Reich was a good time for the Germans, but ended during World War I. After World War I, the Weimar Republic was established.
www.joematlock.com /Third_Reich.htm   (379 words)

  
 German Empire - FreeEncyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
Its German translation is Deutsches Reich, which was the state's official name (and continued to be until the collapse of Nazi Germany at the end of World War II in 1945).
Counting the Holy Roman Empire as the first, it is sometimes referred to as the "Second Reich" in English, but rarely in German.
Despite advances in industry and science under the Second Reich, Germany remained a despotism due to its militaristic inclinations and having achieved its unification by "blood and iron".
openproxy.ath.cx /ge/German_Empire.html   (2932 words)

  
 | Review | The History Teacher, 35.2 | The History Cooperative
The second half of Germany from Reich to Republic is devoted to the Wilhemine period and, as with the Bismarck years, is organized into individual chapters on domestic and external policies.
Readers are presented here with a greater level of detail than in the Bismarck section, particularly with regard to foreign policy and the origins of World War I. This last segment helps to clarify the multitude of factors involved and the interpretation of what continues to be a controversial theme.
Consequently, Germany from Reich to Republic is well suited for upper-level undergraduate history students, and because the authors make specific reference throughout to many key interpretations, even graduate students could use this volume to deepen their understanding of the Imperial period.
www.historycooperative.org /journals/ht/35.2/br_10.html   (730 words)

  
 Quick Reference Guide: Glossary of Terms   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
During the second Reich, Germany was ruled by the house of Hohenzollern.
Third Reich- 1933-1945 - The third time in history that the states of Germany were united under one realm or empire (reich).
The First Reich (also called the Holy Roman Empire) lasted from 962 to 1806, and the Second Reich lasted from 1871 to 1918.
www.thirdreichpages.com /guide.htm   (638 words)

  
 SAOIRSE Irish Freedom March 2003   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
On the 18th of January 1871 a conference of German statesmen meeting in the Palace of Versailles in recently-defeated France proclaimed King Wilhelm of Prussia Kaiser (Emperor) of Germany, and the Second Reich was born.
The First Reich (the 'Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation') had notionally lasted from 800 AD to 1806 AD, a period of over a thousand years and the Germans hoped their new empire would last as long.
The Population of the Second Reich was about one-third Catholic, and in four areas Catholics were in the majority: Bavaria, Silesia, Warmia and the Rhineland.
www.iol.ie /~saoirse/current/18.html   (850 words)

  
 Mein Kampf by Adolf Hitler, Vol. 1 Chap. 10
The collapse of the Second Reich was all the more bewildering for those who could ponder over it and feel the effect of it in their hearts, because the Reich had fallen from a height which can hardly be imagined in these days of misery and humiliation.
The Second Reich was founded in circumstances of such dazzling splendour that the whole nation had become entranced and exalted by it.
The second group is numerically smaller, being partly composed of those who were formerly in the first group and after a series of bitter disappointments are now prepared to believe nothing of what they see in print.
www.stormfront.org /books/mein_kampf/mkv1ch10.html   (20453 words)

  
 Germany Info: Information Services: Facts about Germany: Questions & Answers
The first German Reich was called the "Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation." It began in the 10th century and lasted 850 years until its dissolution in 1806 by Napoleon's conquest of Europe.
This Reich was ruled by the dual power of the Kaiser and of the feudal nobles who elected him.
The second German Reich was founded by the German federated states, leaving out Austria, after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 - 71.
www.germany-info.org /relaunch/info/facts/facts/questions_en/poldevelopment/history2.html   (159 words)

  
 W.'s Second Term: If you Think the First is Bad ...
The second term's defense team will be even harder line than the current one.
The goal will be to eliminate all taxes on capital gains, dividends, and other forms of unearned income and move toward a "flat tax." The plan will be for deficits to continue to balloon until Wall Street demands large spending cuts as a condition for holding down long-term interest rates.
Robert B. Reich, secretary of Labor in the Clinton administration, is a professor of social and economic policy at Brandeis University.
www.commondreams.org /views04/0407-12.htm   (881 words)

  
 Germany: The Second Reich
Any study of the History of Germany in the inter-war era needs to bear in mind the political structures and traditions that the German population and governing classes were accustomed to.
The Military was of great importance to the Second Reich throughout its inception and was much loved by many of those with political power, particularly the Prussian aristocracy.
By making full use of the hyperlinked text you are able to investigate the relative significance of events and individuals throughout the History of the Second Reich and throughout the existence of the Weimar Republic.
www.schoolshistory.org.uk /ASLevel_History/week1_thesecondreich.htm   (1865 words)

  
 Old Dominion (8) vs. Princeton (14) Box Score ::
Salini advanced to second on a wild pitch; Lahey advanced to third on a wild pitch; Szymanski scored on a wild pitch.
Reich reached on a fielder's choice, grounded out to 2b unassisted; Salini out at second 3b to 1b to 2b.
Gram advanced to second on a wild pitch; Hahn advanced to third on a wild pitch; Strick scored on a wild pitch.
odusports.collegesports.com /sports/m-basebl/stats/030504aaa.html   (1248 words)

  
 Straight from the Hip by Matthew Alice | www.sdreader.com
Reichs, rails, gears, bases, rock from the sun -- before you have a third, you pretty much have to have a first and a second.
The First Reich in German history was the Holy Roman Empire, from about 800 (some say 962) to 1806.
The Second Reich began in 1871, when Otto von Bismarck whipped all the Germanic states (except Austria) into a tight little Prussian-style unit.
www.sdreader.com /php/ma_show.php?id=091699B   (275 words)

  
 Our German Ancestry
This base of small artisans, textile weavers, journeymen, guildsmen, and small businessmen would later pose a threat to the Second Reich, dominated by an emerging coalition of the landed upper class and industrialists, posing problems the Second Reich later on.
The first half of the 19th century saw a prolonged struggle in Germany between the forces of liberalism, which wanted a united federal Germany under a democratic constitution, and the forces of conservatism, which wanted to keep Germany as a patchwork of weak independent states, with Prussia and Austria competing for influence.
In France, where the conservative aristocracy was soundly pushed aside by the Revolutions of 1789, 1830, and 1848, the new Second Republic erupted into civil war between rival revolutionary groups—the bourgeois moderates who favored order and constitutional democracy and the socialists, supported by mobs the Parisian working class.
www4.localaccess.com /randystalding/our_german_ancestry.htm   (654 words)

  
 [No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
Germans, when referring to the Reich in this period under the Kaisers, typically use the term Kaiserreich.
Sometimes in English (but rarely in German) "the Second Reich" is used, based on counting the Holy Roman Empire as the first German empire (and, as Nazi ideology insisted, Nazi Germany as the third).
Germany lost territories to France, Belgium, and the reinstated nation of Poland, and elsewhere, and was required to pay reparations for its alleged responsibility for the war.
www.online-encyclopedia.info /encyclopedia/g/ge/german_empire.html   (3024 words)

  
 GERMAN MILITARY, POLITICAL & CULTURAL HISTORY IN COLOR
The end of the Third Reich is shown in the last two known color photos ever taken of the German head of state, carefully examining the architect’s model of Linz that had been brought down into the Führerbunker during a rare pause in February 1945.
The second year of the Russian Campaign opened with the Wehrmacht fighting for its life in the frozen wastes before Moscow, but spring brought a German recovery and the arrival of summer saw German troops advance to the very gates of Asia on the lower Volga and in the Caucasus.
The long-awaited second installment of David Irving’s monumental, probing biography of the wartime British Prime Minister, examining the period from Pearl Harbor (by which time he had virtually bankrupted Britain and badly compromised her imperial interests in favor of the USA and USSR) to the Potsdam Conference of July 1945.
www.brandenburghistorica.com /books.html   (7175 words)

  
 Box Score :: Box Score
TRIPLETT reached on a fielder's choice to third base; SLEVIN advanced to second on a fielding error by 3b.
REICH singled through the left side; LAHEY advanced to second; ELDRIDGE advanced to third.
REICH singled up the middle; LAHEY advanced to second.
clemsontigers.collegesports.com /sports/m-basebl/stats/053103aaa.html   (1354 words)

  
 Axis History Factbook: The First & Second Reich
It is common knowledge that Germany under Adolf Hitler (1933-1945) is referred to as the Third Reich, it is however less well known what the First Reich and Second Reich were.
The word Reich is hard to translate to English, but realm or empire are probably the best translations.
The First Reich was the Holy Roman Empire (the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, Heiliges Römisches Reich deutscher Nation, not the ancient Roman Empire), 800 - 1806.
www.axishistory.com /index.php?id=4564   (261 words)

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